|
| 1 | +## 前言 |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +刚回答了SegmentFault上一个兄弟提的问题[《非对称解密出错》](https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000013016668/a-1020000013017090 "《非对称解密出错》")。这个属于Node.js在安全上的应用,遇到同样问题的人应该不少,基于回答的问题,这里简单总结下。 |
| 4 | + |
| 5 | +非对称加密的理论知识,可以参考笔者前面的文章[《NODEJS进阶:CRYPTO模块之理论篇》](https://www.chyingp.com/nodejs%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%EF%BC%9Acrypto%E6%A8%A1%E5%9D%97%E4%B9%8B%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%E7%AF%87/ "《NODEJS进阶:CRYPTO模块之理论篇》")。 |
| 6 | + |
| 7 | +完整的代码可以在 [《Nodejs学习笔记》](https://github.com/chyingp/nodejs-learning-guide "这里") 找到,也欢迎大家关注 [程序猿小卡的GitHub](https://github.com/chyingp "gayhub")。 |
| 8 | + |
| 9 | +## 加密、解密方法 |
| 10 | + |
| 11 | +在Node.js中,负责安全的模块是`crypto`。非对称加密中,公钥加密,私钥解密,加解密对应的API分别如下。 |
| 12 | + |
| 13 | +加密函数: |
| 14 | + |
| 15 | +```javascript |
| 16 | +crypto.publicEncrypt(key, buffer) |
| 17 | +``` |
| 18 | + |
| 19 | +解密函数: |
| 20 | + |
| 21 | +```javascript |
| 22 | +crypto.privateDecrypt(privateKey, buffer) |
| 23 | +``` |
| 24 | + |
| 25 | +## 入门例子 |
| 26 | + |
| 27 | +假设有如下`utils.js` |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | +```javascript |
| 30 | +// utils.js |
| 31 | +const crypto = require('crypto'); |
| 32 | + |
| 33 | +// 加密方法 |
| 34 | +exports.encrypt = (data, key) => { |
| 35 | + // 注意,第二个参数是Buffer类型 |
| 36 | + return crypto.publicEncrypt(key, Buffer.from(data)); |
| 37 | +}; |
| 38 | + |
| 39 | +// 解密方法 |
| 40 | +exports.decrypt = (encrypted, key) => { |
| 41 | + // 注意,encrypted是Buffer类型 |
| 42 | + return crypto.privateDecrypt(key, encrypted); |
| 43 | +}; |
| 44 | +``` |
| 45 | + |
| 46 | +测试代码`app.js`: |
| 47 | + |
| 48 | +```javascript |
| 49 | +const utils = require('./utils'); |
| 50 | +const keys = require('./keys'); |
| 51 | + |
| 52 | +const plainText = '你好,我是程序猿小卡'; |
| 53 | +const crypted = utils.encrypt(plainText, keys.pubKey); // 加密 |
| 54 | +const decrypted = utils.decrypt(crypted, keys.privKey); // 解密 |
| 55 | + |
| 56 | +console.log(decrypted.toString()); // 你好,我是程序猿小卡 |
| 57 | +``` |
| 58 | + |
| 59 | +附上公钥、私钥 `keys.js`: |
| 60 | + |
| 61 | +```javascript |
| 62 | +exports.privKey = `-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- |
| 63 | +MIICXQIBAAKBgQDFWnl8fChyKI/Tgo1ILB+IlGr8ZECKnnO8XRDwttBbf5EmG0qV |
| 64 | +8gs0aGkh649rb75I+tMu2JSNuVj61CncL/7Ct2kAZ6CZZo1vYgtzhlFnxd4V7Ra+ |
| 65 | +aIwLZaXT/h3eE+/cFsL4VAJI5wXh4Mq4Vtu7uEjeogAOgXACaIqiFyrk3wIDAQAB |
| 66 | +AoGBAKdrunYlqfY2fNUVAqAAdnvaVOxqa+psw4g/d3iNzjJhBRTLwDl2TZUXImEZ |
| 67 | +QeEFueqVhoROTa/xVg/r3tshiD/QC71EfmPVBjBQJJIvJUbjtZJ/O+L2WxqzSvqe |
| 68 | +wzYaTm6Te3kZeG/cULNMIL+xU7XsUmslbGPAurYmHA1jNKFpAkEA48aUogSv8VFn |
| 69 | +R2QuYmilz20LkCzffK2aq2+9iSz1ZjCvo+iuFt71Y3+etWomzcZCuJ5sn0w7lcSx |
| 70 | +nqyzCFDspQJBAN3O2VdQF3gua0Q5VHmK9AvsoXLmCfRa1RiKuFOtrtC609RfX4DC |
| 71 | +FxDxH09UVu/8Hmdau8t6OFExcBriIYJQwDMCQQCZLjFDDHfuiFo2js8K62mnJ6SB |
| 72 | +H0xlIrND2+/RUuTuBov4ZUC+rM7GTUtEodDazhyM4C4Yq0HfJNp25Zm5XALpAkBG |
| 73 | +atLpO04YI3R+dkzxQUH1PyyKU6m5X9TjM7cNKcikD4wMkjK5p+S2xjYQc1AeZEYq |
| 74 | +vc187dJPRIi4oC3PN1+tAkBuW51/5vBj+zmd73mVcTt28OmSKOX6kU29F0lvEh8I |
| 75 | +oHiLOo285vG5ZtmXiY58tAiPVQXa7eU8hPQHTHWa9qp6 |
| 76 | +-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY----- |
| 77 | +`; |
| 78 | + |
| 79 | +exports.pubKey = `-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- |
| 80 | +MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDFWnl8fChyKI/Tgo1ILB+IlGr8 |
| 81 | +ZECKnnO8XRDwttBbf5EmG0qV8gs0aGkh649rb75I+tMu2JSNuVj61CncL/7Ct2kA |
| 82 | +Z6CZZo1vYgtzhlFnxd4V7Ra+aIwLZaXT/h3eE+/cFsL4VAJI5wXh4Mq4Vtu7uEje |
| 83 | +ogAOgXACaIqiFyrk3wIDAQAB |
| 84 | +-----END PUBLIC KEY----- |
| 85 | +`; |
| 86 | +``` |
| 87 | + |
| 88 | +## 小结 |
| 89 | + |
| 90 | +可以看到,通过Node.js进行非对称加密、解密还是挺方便的。更多用法,可以参考官方文档。 |
| 91 | + |
| 92 | +## 相关链接 |
| 93 | + |
| 94 | +[程序猿小卡的GitHub](https://github.com/chyingp "程序猿小卡的GitHub") |
| 95 | + |
| 96 | +[Nodejs学习笔记](https://github.com/chyingp/nodejs-learning-guide "Nodejs学习笔记") |
| 97 | + |
| 98 | +[非对称解密出错](https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000013016668/a-1020000013017090 "非对称解密出错") |
| 99 | + |
| 100 | +[https://nodejs.org/api/crypto.html](https://nodejs.org/api/crypto.html) |
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