add skip/2 as the counterpart to limit/2 (jqlang#3181)

I also changed the behavior of limit/2 with negative count to emit an error, like nth/2 does.
Also, I redefined nth/2 using skip/2 to minimize the impact of growth of builtin filters.

Author: itchyny

docs/content/manual/dev/manual.yml

@@ -3037,16 +3037,26 @@ sections:
             input: '[1,2,3]'
             output: ['false']
 
-      - title: "`limit(n; exp)`"
+      - title: "`limit(n; expr)`"
         body: |
 
-          The `limit` function extracts up to `n` outputs from `exp`.
+          The `limit` function extracts up to `n` outputs from `expr`.
 
         examples:
-          - program: '[limit(3;.[])]'
+          - program: '[limit(3; .[])]'
             input: '[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]'
             output: ['[0,1,2]']
 
+      - title: "`skip(n; expr)`"
+        body: |
+
+          The `skip` function skips the first `n` outputs from `expr`.
+
+        examples:
+          - program: '[skip(3; .[])]'
+            input: '[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]'
+            output: ['[3,4,5,6,7,8,9]']
+
       - title: "`first(expr)`, `last(expr)`, `nth(n; expr)`"
         body: |
 

jq.1.prebuilt

@@ -149,10 +149,14 @@ def until(cond; next):
      def _until:
          if cond then . else (next|_until) end;
      _until;
-def limit($n; exp):
-    if $n > 0 then label $out | foreach exp as $item ($n; .-1; $item, if . <= 0 then break $out else empty end)
-    elif $n == 0 then empty
-    else exp end;
+def limit($n; expr):
+  if $n > 0 then label $out | foreach expr as $item ($n; . - 1; $item, if . <= 0 then break $out else empty end)
+  elif $n == 0 then empty
+  else error("limit doesn't support negative count") end;
+def skip($n; expr):
+  if $n > 0 then foreach expr as $item ($n; . - 1; if . < 0 then $item else empty end)
+  elif $n == 0 then expr
+  else error("skip doesn't support negative count") end;
 # range/3, with a `by` expression argument
 def range($init; $upto; $by):
     if $by > 0 then $init|while(. < $upto; . + $by)
@@ -169,7 +173,7 @@ def any: any(.[]; .);
 def last(g): reduce g as $item (null; $item);
 def nth($n; g):
   if $n < 0 then error("nth doesn't support negative indices")
-  else label $out | foreach g as $item ($n + 1; . - 1; if . <= 0 then $item, break $out else empty end) end;
+  else first(skip($n; g)) end;
 def first: .[0];
 def last: .[-1];
 def nth($n): .[$n];

src/builtin.jq

@@ -334,6 +334,30 @@ null
 "badness"
 [1]
 
+try limit(-1; error) catch .
+null
+"limit doesn't support negative count"
+
+[skip(3; .[])]
+[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
+[4,5,6,7,8,9]
+
+[skip(0,2,3,4; .[])]
+[1,2,3]
+[1,2,3,3]
+
+[skip(3; .[])]
+[]
+[]
+
+try skip(-1; error) catch .
+null
+"skip doesn't support negative count"
+
+nth(1; 0,1,error("foo"))
+null
+1
+
 [first(range(.)), last(range(.))]
 10
 [0,9]