feat: update lcci solutions: No.01.03. String to URL

Author: yanglbme

README.md

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 - [选择排序](/basic/sorting/SelectionSort/README.md)
 - [归并排序](/basic/sorting/MergeSort/README.md)
 - [快速排序](/basic/sorting/QuickSort/README.md)
+- [希尔排序](/basic/sorting/ShellSort/README.md)
 
 ### 查找算法
 

lcci/01.03.String to URL/README.md

@@ -33,13 +33,23 @@
 
 ### **Python3**
 
-<!-- 这里可写当前语言的特殊实现逻辑 -->
+直接利用 `replace` 将所有 ` ` 替换为 `%20`：
 
 ```python
 class Solution:
     def replaceSpaces(self, S: str, length: int) -> str:
-        S = S[:length] if length < len(S) else S
-        return S.replace(' ', '%20')
+        return S[:length].replace(' ', '%20')
+```
+
+初始化一个空列表 `chars`，遍历字符串中每个字符 `c`，遇到空格字符时，往 `chars` 中追加元素 `%20`，否则追加 `c`。最后返回 `''.join(chars)` 即可。
+
+```python
+class Solution:
+    def replaceSpaces(self, S: str, length: int) -> str:
+        chars = []
+        for c in S[:length]:
+            chars.append('%20' if c == ' ' else c)
+        return ''.join(chars)
 ```
 
 ### **Java**
@@ -49,22 +59,35 @@ class Solution:
 ```java
 class Solution {
     public String replaceSpaces(String S, int length) {
-        char[] c = S.toCharArray();
-        int j = c.length;
-        for (int i = length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-            if (c[i] == ' ') {
-                c[--j] = '0';
-                c[--j] = '2';
-                c[--j] = '%';
+        char[] chars = S.toCharArray();
+        int j = chars.length;
+        for (int i = length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+            if (chars[i] == ' ') {
+                chars[--j] = '0';
+                chars[--j] = '2';
+                chars[--j] = '%';
             } else {
-                c[--j] = c[i];
+                chars[--j] = chars[i];
             }
         }
-        return new String(c, j, c.length - j);
+        return new String(chars, j, chars.length - j);
     }
 }
 ```
 
+### JavaScript
+
+```js
+/**
+ * @param {string} S
+ * @param {number} length
+ * @return {string}
+ */
+var replaceSpaces = function(S, length) {
+    return encodeURI(S.substring(0,length));
+};
+```
+
 ### **...**
 
 ```

lcci/01.03.String to URL/README_EN.md

@@ -44,34 +44,59 @@ The missing numbers are [5,6,8,...], hence the third missing number is 8.
 
 ### **Python3**
 
+Use `replace()` function.
+
 ```python
 class Solution:
     def replaceSpaces(self, S: str, length: int) -> str:
-        S = S[:length] if length < len(S) else S
-        return S.replace(' ', '%20')
+        return S[:length].replace(' ', '%20')
+```
+
+Use list:
+
+```python
+class Solution:
+    def replaceSpaces(self, S: str, length: int) -> str:
+        chars = []
+        for c in S[:length]:
+            chars.append('%20' if c == ' ' else c)
+        return ''.join(chars)
 ```
 
 ### **Java**
 
 ```java
 class Solution {
     public String replaceSpaces(String S, int length) {
-        char[] c = S.toCharArray();
-        int j = c.length;
-        for (int i = length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-            if (c[i] == ' ') {
-                c[--j] = '0';
-                c[--j] = '2';
-                c[--j] = '%';
+        char[] chars = S.toCharArray();
+        int j = chars.length;
+        for (int i = length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+            if (chars[i] == ' ') {
+                chars[--j] = '0';
+                chars[--j] = '2';
+                chars[--j] = '%';
             } else {
-                c[--j] = c[i];
+                chars[--j] = chars[i];
             }
         }
-        return new String(c, j, c.length - j);
+        return new String(chars, j, chars.length - j);
     }
 }
 ```
 
+### JavaScript
+
+```js
+/**
+ * @param {string} S
+ * @param {number} length
+ * @return {string}
+ */
+var replaceSpaces = function(S, length) {
+    return encodeURI(S.substring(0,length));
+};
+```
+
 ### **...**
 
 ```

lcci/01.03.String to URL/Solution.java

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 class Solution {
     public String replaceSpaces(String S, int length) {
-        char[] c = S.toCharArray();
-        int j = c.length;
-        for (int i = length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-            if (c[i] == ' ') {
-                c[--j] = '0';
-                c[--j] = '2';
-                c[--j] = '%';
+        char[] chars = S.toCharArray();
+        int j = chars.length;
+        for (int i = length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+            if (chars[i] == ' ') {
+                chars[--j] = '0';
+                chars[--j] = '2';
+                chars[--j] = '%';
             } else {
-                c[--j] = c[i];
+                chars[--j] = chars[i];
             }
         }
-        return new String(c, j, c.length - j);
+        return new String(chars, j, chars.length - j);
     }
 }

lcci/01.03.String to URL/Solution.js

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+/**
+ * @param {string} S
+ * @param {number} length
+ * @return {string}
+ */
+ var replaceSpaces = function(S, length) {
+    return encodeURI(S.substring(0,length));
+};

lcci/01.03.String to URL/Solution.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
 class Solution:
     def replaceSpaces(self, S: str, length: int) -> str:
-        S = S[:length] if length < len(S) else S
-        return S.replace(' ', '%20')
+        return S[:length].replace(' ', '%20')