Open Source Linux Programming Languages - Page 2
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Programming Languages for Linux
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SuperCollider
Audio server, programming language, and IDE for sound synthesis
SuperCollider is a platform for audio synthesis and algorithmic composition, used by musicians, artists, and researchers working with sound. It is free and open source software available for Windows, macOS, and Linux. scsynth, a real-time audio server, forms the core of the platform. It features 400+ unit generators (“UGens”) for analysis, synthesis, and processing. Its granularity allows the fluid combination of many known and unknown audio techniques, moving between additive and subtractive synthesis, FM, granular synthesis, FFT, and physical modeling. You can write your own UGens in C++, and users have already contributed several hundred more to the sc3-plugins repository. sclang, an interpreted programming language. It is focused on sound, but not limited to any specific domain. sclang controls scsynth via Open Sound Control. You can use it for algorithmic composition and sequencing, finding new sound synthesis methods, connecting your app to external hardware. -
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Seed7
Interpreter and compiler for the Seed7 programming language.
Interpreter, compiler, libraries, documentation and examples for the Seed7 programming language. Seed7 is a general purpose programming language. It is a higher level language compared to Ada, C/C++ and Java. In Seed7 new statements and operators can be declared easily. Functions with type results and type parameters are more elegant than a template or generics concept. Object orientation is used where it brings advantages and not in places where other solutions are more obvious. Seed7 spares no effort to support portable programming. Several driver libraries assure that the access to operating system resources such as files, directories, network, clock, keyboard, console and graphics are done in a portable way. Although Seed7 contains several concepts from other programming languages, it is generally not considered a direct descendant of any other programming language. -
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Crafting Interpreters
Repository for the book "Crafting Interpreters"
This repository is the companion to the book Crafting Interpreters. It contains the full source code for two interpreters (one in C and one in Java), the Markdown source of the book, the tooling to weave prose and code into a website, and build scripts to generate the executable interpreters. The book aims to teach from the ground up how to build a full-featured scripting language (called Lox) with parsing, AST, compiler / VM, garbage collection, classes, and more. Static site generator tooling to compose book + code into HTML. Markdown source of book chapters and text prose. Full interpreter implementation in C (clox). -
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HAXE
The cross-platform toolkit
Haxe is an open source high-level strictly-typed programming language with a fast optimizing cross-compiler. Haxe can build cross-platform applications targeting JavaScript, C++, C#, Java, JVM, Python, Lua, PHP, Flash, and allows access to each platform's native capabilities. Haxe has its own VMs (HashLink and NekoVM) but can also run in interpreted mode. Haxe is useful in a wide variety of domains; games, web, mobile, desktop, command-line and cross-platform APIs. Take a look at who is using Haxe and explore the use cases. Haxe is a reliable open source technology and is free to use. Become contributor on GitHub, join our community on our Discord chat and forum and find us on Facebook, Twitter and StackOverflow. Haxelib is the package manager for Haxe, which offers many free libraries powered by the Haxe community. Manage your project dependencies and distribute libraries. -
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Halide
A language for fast, portable data-parallel computation
Halide is a programming language for fast, portable data-parallel computation. It was designed to make writing high-performance image and array processing code much easier on modern machines. It works on all major operating systems and with several CPU architectures (X86, ARM, MIPS, Hexagon, PowerPC) and GPU Compute APIs (CUDA, OpenCL, OpenGL, among others). It isn't a standalone programming language however; rather it is embedded in C++ which means that you write C++ code, building an in-memory representation of a Halide pipeline using Halide's C++ API. This representation can then be compiled to an object file, or a JIT-compile and run in the same process. Halide also comes with a Python binding, allowing the writing of Halide embedded in Python without C++. -
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Racket
The Racket repository
Racket is a general-purpose programming language and an ecosystem for language-oriented programming. This repository holds the source code for the core of Racket plus some related packages. The rest of the Racket distribution source code is in other repositories, mostly under the Racket GitHub organization. Racket programmers typically program with functions, records, objects, exceptions, regular expressions, modules, and threads. That is, instead of a “minimalist” language, which is the way that Scheme is often described, Racket offers a rich language with an extensive set of libraries and tools. Libraries are not restricted to exporting values, such as functions; they can also define new syntactic forms. In this sense, Racket isn’t exactly a language at all; it’s more of an idea for how to structure a language so that you can extend it or create entirely new languages. -
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Ravi Programming Language
Ravi is a dialect of Lua, featuring limited optional static typing
Ravi Programming Language is a derivative of Lua 5.3 with limited optional static typing and MIR-based JIT compiler. Ravi is a derivative/dialect of Lua with limited optional static typing and JIT/AOT compilers. The name Ravi comes from the Sanskrit word for the Sun. Lua is perfect as a small embeddable dynamic language so why a derivative? Ravi extends Lua with static typing for greater performance under JIT compilation. However, static typing is optional and therefore Lua 5.3 programs are also valid Ravi programs. There are other attempts to add static typing to Lua (e.g. Typed Lua but these efforts are mostly about adding static type checks in the language while leaving the VM unmodified. So the static typing is to aid programming in the large - the code is eventually translated to standard Lua and executed in the unmodified Lua VM. -
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The CUE Data Constraint Language
The home of the CUE language. Validate and define text-based config
CUE is an open source data constraint language which aims to simplify tasks involving defining and using data. CUE merges the notion of schema and data. The same CUE definition can simultaneously be used for validating data and act as a template to reduce boilerplate. Schema definition is enriched with fine-grained value definitions and default values. At the same time, data can be simplified by removing values implied by such detailed definitions. The merging of these two concepts enables many tasks to be handled in a principled way. The CUE scripting layer defines declarative scripting, expressed in CUE, on top of data. This solves three problems: working around the closedness of CUE definitions (we say CUE is hermetic), providing an easy way to share common scripts and workflows for using data, and giving CUE the knowledge of how data is used to optimize validation. -
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Unison
A friendly programming language from the future
Unison is an open source functional programming language based on a simple idea with big implications: code is content-addressed and immutable. Unison’s core idea is that code is immutable and identified by its content. This lets us reimagine many aspects of how a programming language works. We simplify codebase management, Unison has no builds, no dependency conflicts, and renaming things is trivial. The same core idea forms the basis for a runtime that robustly supports dynamic code deployment, allowing a single Unison program to describe entire elastic distributed systems. Though a lot of the work on Unison is still experimental and ongoing, we’re sharing an early alpha release of the language for you to test out. We’ll make a more finished release generally available soon. In the meantime, anyone is welcome to help with alpha testing. -
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jsii
jsii allows code in any language to naturally interact with JavaScript
jsii allows code in any language to naturally interact with JavaScript classes. It is the technology that enables the AWS Cloud Development Kit to deliver polyglot libraries from a single codebase! A class library written in TypeScript can be used in projects authored in TypeScript or Javascript (as usual), but also in C# (and other languages from the .NET family), Go, Java, Python, etc. More languages will be added in the future! Due to JSON marshaling costs and the absence of a distributed garbage collector feature, jsii modules are best suited for development and build tools, as opposed to performance-sensitive or resource-constrained applications. By compiling our source module using jsii, we can now package it as modules in one of the supported target languages. Each target module has the exact same API as the source. This allows users of that target language to use Greeter like any other native type. -
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Squirrel is a light weight programming language featuring higher-order functions,classes/inheritance,delegation,tail recursion,generators,cooperative threads,exception handling, reference counting and garbage collection on demand. C-like syntax.
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Hy
A dialect of Lisp that's embedded in Python
Hy is a multi-paradigm general-purpose programming language in the Lisp family. It’s implemented as a kind of alternative syntax for Python. Compared to Python, Hy offers a variety of extra features, generalizations, and syntactic simplifications, as would be expected of a Lisp. Compared to other Lisps, Hy provides direct access to Python’s built-ins and third-party Python libraries, while allowing you to freely mix imperative, functional, and object-oriented styles of programming. The first thing a Python programmer will notice about Hy is that it has Lisp’s traditional parenthesis-heavy prefix syntax in place of Python’s C-like infix syntax. As in other Lisps, the value of a simplistic syntax is that it facilitates Lisp’s signature feature, metaprogramming through macros, which are functions that manipulate code objects at compile-time to produce new code objects, which are then executed as if they had been part of the original code. -
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Perl 5
The Perl programming language
This repository contains the reference implementation of the Perl 5 programming language, including the interpreter, core modules, build system, and an extensive test suite. Perl 5 is a multi-paradigm language renowned for powerful text processing, rich regular expressions, and pragmatic glue code across systems. The core distribution is highly portable, building on Unix, Linux, Windows, and many other platforms, with stable release cycles and careful back-compatibility. A C API (XS) and embedding APIs allow tight integration with native libraries and host applications, while the CPAN ecosystem supplies hundreds of thousands of reusable modules. Development emphasizes robust tests (t/), meticulous changelogs, and tooling like perldoc to keep the language approachable and dependable. In practice, Perl 5 remains a workhorse for sysadmin automation, data munging, web services, and any task where flexible, expressive text handling is paramount. -
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Pyro
Deep universal probabilistic programming with Python and PyTorch
Pyro is a flexible, universal probabilistic programming language (PPL) built on PyTorch. It allows for expressive deep probabilistic modeling, combining the best of modern deep learning and Bayesian modeling. Pyro is centered on four main principles: Universal, Scalable, Minimal and Flexible. Pyro is universal in that it can represent any computable probability distribution. It scales easily to large datasets with minimal overhead, and has a small yet powerful core of composable abstractions that make it both agile and maintainable. Lastly, Pyro gives you the flexibility of automation when you want it, and control when you need it. -
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Skylark
Skylark in Go: the Skylark configuration language
Skylark, now known as Starlark, is an interpreter for a Python-like language implemented in Go. It is designed as a lightweight, deterministic, and embeddable configuration and scripting language ideal for use within larger applications. Skylark maintains Python’s familiar syntax and high-level data types while omitting features that could cause nondeterminism, such as concurrency and dynamic module imports. The interpreter supports first-class functions, dictionaries, lists, and comprehensions, allowing developers to define reusable logic and structured configuration data. Originally developed for Bazel, Google’s build tool, Skylark enables users to define build rules and macros that extend system functionality. Because it runs deterministically and isolates execution from system state, it’s well-suited for reproducible build systems and other sandboxed environments. The Go implementation focuses on parallel scalability and easy integration into Go-based projects. -
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YueScript
A Moonscript dialect compiles to Lua
A language that compiles to Lua. Yuescript is a Moonscript dialect. It is derived from Moonscript language 0.5.0 and continuously adopts new features to be more up-to-date. Moonscript is a language that compiles Lua. Since the original Moonscript has been used to write web framework lapis and run a few business websites like itch.io and streak.club with some large code bases. The original language is getting too hard to adopt new features for those that may break the stability of existing applications. So Yuescript is a new code base for pushing the language to go forward and being a playground to try introducing new language syntax or programming paradigms to make Moonscript language more expressive and productive. -
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KonsolScript and Game Engine
Free and Open Game Programming Language for Windows and GNU/Linux
KonsolScript is a free and open source, scripting language primarily intended for 2D games development. KonsolScript Development Team believes that the unavailability of games on GNU/Linux desktops is one of the major concerns why people keep using unauthorized copies of proprietary OS over GNU/Linux and that is something the Development Team is ought to address – we are doing our part to help promote GNU/Linux as a viable gaming platform for desktops both for Game Publishers and Gamers. The whole Game Development Kit is suitable for teaching 2D game programming. The end goal of this project is to have a common gaming platform for Windows, GNU/Linux, Mac OS, including mobile platforms like Android where any newbie can learn how to make his game/animation etc. A lot of work has been made and a lot more is to be done. It might need to hire programmers to make an engine for Android, and Mac OS, then some in-house testers for stability among these platform -
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Autocxx
Tool for safe ergonomic Rust/C++ interop driven from existing C++
autocxx is an open source Rust tool and procedural macro designed to enable automatic, safe interoperability between C++ and Rust. It integrates the functionality of bindgen (for parsing and generating Rust bindings from C++ headers) with cxx (for safe and idiomatic Rust–C++ communication), automating the creation of bridges between the two languages. With autocxx, developers can include C++ headers directly in Rust source code and automatically generate bindings for the corresponding C++ classes, functions, and types. This approach greatly simplifies working with existing C++ libraries in Rust while maintaining safety and memory correctness. By reducing the amount of boilerplate and manual configuration typically needed for FFI (Foreign Function Interface) bindings, autocxx allows developers to focus on higher-level logic rather than low-level integration details. -
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Beef Programming Language
Beef Programming Language
Beef is a high-performance multi-paradigm open source programming language with a focus on developer productivity. The Beef Development Tools include an IDE with a general-purpose debugger capable of debugging native applications written in any language. The IDE supports productivity features such as autocomplete, fix-its, reformatting, refactoring tools, type inspection, hot compilation, and a built-in profiler. Beef allows for safely mixing different optimization levels on a per-type or per-method level, allowing for performance-critical code to be executed at maximum speed without affecting the debuggability of the rest of the application. Beef can detect memory leaks in real-time. As with most safety features in Beef, this can be turned off in Release builds for performance-critical applications. The Beef IDE supports productivity features such as autocomplete, fixits, reformatting, refactoring tools, type inspection, runtime code compilation (hot code swapping). -
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Carp
A functional, systems programming language with linear types
Carp is a statically typed, functional programming language designed for real-time and systems programming. It features a Lisp-like syntax, strong compile-time checks, and linear type semantics that ensure memory safety without a garbage collector. Carp targets C as its backend, generating performant and predictable native code while offering functional abstractions and interactive development via REPL. -
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Mangle is a programming language developed by Google for deductive database programming, serving as an advanced extension of Datalog. It is designed to unify and query data from multiple sources in a structured, declarative way while allowing developers to model complex relationships and domain knowledge beyond binary predicates. Mangle enhances traditional Datalog by introducing features such as aggregation, function calls, and optional type-checking, which make it more practical for modern data-intensive applications. Unlike SQL, Mangle’s declarative syntax naturally supports recursion and modular program structure, making it suitable for representing hierarchical or interconnected datasets like dependency graphs or knowledge graphs. The project’s implementation is provided as a Go library, enabling developers to embed Mangle directly into their applications or services, such as database-like gRPC systems.
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Prompt Declaration Language
Prompt Declaration Language is a declarative prompt programming lang
LLMs will continue to change the way we build software systems. They are not only useful as coding assistants, providing snipets of code, explanations, and code transformations, but they can also help replace components that could only previously be achieved with rule-based systems. Whether LLMs are used as coding assistants or software components, reliability remains an important concern. LLMs have a textual interface and the structure of useful prompts is not captured formally. Programming frameworks do not enforce or validate such structures since they are not specified in a machine-consumable way. The purpose of the Prompt Declaration Language (PDL) is to allow developers to specify the structure of prompts and to enforce it, while providing a unified programming framework for composing LLMs with rule-based systems. -
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Ruby
Ruby programming language
A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write. Ruby is a language of careful balance. Its creator, Yukihiro “Matz” Matsumoto, blended parts of his favorite languages (Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, and Lisp) to form a new language that balanced functional programming with imperative programming. He has often said that he is “trying to make Ruby natural, not simple,” in a way that mirrors life. Since its public release in 1995, Ruby has drawn devoted coders worldwide. In 2006, Ruby achieved mass acceptance. With active user groups formed in the world’s major cities and Ruby-related conferences filled to capacity. Ruby-Talk, the primary mailing list for discussion of the Ruby language, climbed to an average of 200 messages per day in 2006. It has dropped in recent years as the size of the community pushed discussion from one central list into many smaller groups. -
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Starlark in Go
Starlark in Go: the Starlark configuration language, implemented in Go
starlark-go is the official Go implementation of the Starlark programming language, a Python-like, dynamically typed configuration and scripting language originally developed for the Bazel build system. Starlark combines Python’s expressiveness and readability with deterministic execution, making it ideal for defining build configurations, scripting automation, and embedding domain-specific logic in applications. The Go-based interpreter allows developers to run or embed Starlark programs directly within Go applications, extending them with user-defined scripts and configurable logic. Unlike Python, Starlark supports parallel execution across multiple threads and maintains deterministic behavior, making it suitable for scalable and reproducible workloads. It offers familiar syntax features such as dictionaries, lists, and first-class functions with lexical scoping. -
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Wasp
A programming language that understands what a web app is
Wasp (Web Application Specification Language) is a declarative DSL (domain-specific language) for developing, building and deploying modern full-stack web apps with less code. Concepts such as app, page, user, login, frontend, production, etc. are baked into the language, bringing a new level of expressiveness and allowing you to get more work done with fewer lines of code. While describing high-level features with Wasp, you still write the rest of your logic in your favorite technologies (currently React, NodeJS, Prisma). Wasp is in alpha and is therefore likely to change a lot, have bugs and miss important features. Due to its expressiveness, you can create and deploy a production-ready web app from scratch with very few lines of concise, consistent, declarative code. When you need more control than Wasp offers, you can write code in existing technologies such as js/html/css/... and combine it with Wasp code!
