Binary search is one of the fundamental algorithms in computer science. It relies on a divide and conquer strategy to find a value within an already-sorted collection. For binary search, the array should be arranged in ascending or descending order. In each step, the algorithm compares the search key value with the key value of the middle element of the array. If the keys match, then a matching element has been found and its index, or position, is returned. Otherwise, if the search key is...