Building and testing Java with Gradle

Introduction

This guide shows you how to create a workflow that performs continuous integration (CI) for your Java project using the Gradle build system. The workflow you create will allow you to see when commits to a pull request cause build or test failures against your default branch; this approach can help ensure that your code is always healthy. You can extend your CI workflow to cache files and upload artifacts from a workflow run.

GitHub-hosted runners have a tools cache with pre-installed software, which includes Java Development Kits (JDKs) and Gradle. For a list of software and the pre-installed versions for JDK and Gradle, see Using GitHub-hosted runners.

Prerequisites

You should be familiar with YAML and the syntax for GitHub Actions. For more information, see:

We recommend that you have a basic understanding of Java and the Gradle framework. For more information, see the Gradle User Manual.

Using a Gradle workflow template

Para uma introdução rápida, adicione um modelo de fluxo de trabalho ao diretório .github/workflows do repositório.

GitHub provides a workflow template for Gradle that should work for most Java with Gradle projects. The subsequent sections of this guide give examples of how you can customize this workflow template.

Em GitHub, acesse a página principal do repositório.
No nome do repositório, clique em Ações.
Se você já tiver um fluxo de trabalho no repositório, clique em Novo fluxo de trabalho.
The "Choose a workflow" page shows a selection of recommended workflow templates. Search for "Java with Gradle".
On the "Java with Gradle" workflow, click Configure. Este fluxo de trabalho realiza as etapas a seguir:
Verifica uma cópia do repositório do projeto.
Define o Java JDK.
Configura o ambiente Gradle. A ação gradle/actions/setup-gradle trata do estado de cache entre as execuções de fluxos de trabalho e fornece um resumo com detalhes de todas as execuções do Gradle.
The "Build with Gradle" step executes the build task using the Gradle Wrapper.
Edit the workflow as required. For example, change the Java version.
Observação
- Esse modelo de fluxo de trabalho contém uma ação que não é certificada pelo GitHub. Elas são fornecidas por terceiros e regidas por termos de serviço, política de privacidade e documentação de suporte separados.
- Caso use ações de terceiros, você deverá usar uma versão especificada por um SHA de commit. Se a ação for revisada e você quiser usar a versão mais recente, será necessário atualizar o SHA. Você pode especificar uma versão fazendo referência a uma tag ou branch, mas a ação pode ser alterada sem aviso. Para saber mais, confira Security hardening for GitHub Actions.
Click Commit changes.

The gradle.yml workflow file is added to the .github/workflows directory of your repository.

Como especificar a versão e a arquitetura da JVM

O modelo de fluxo de trabalho configura o PATH para conter OpenJDK 8 para a plataforma x64. Se você quiser usar uma versão diferente do Java, ou escolher uma arquitetura diferente (x64 ou x86), você pode usar a ação setup-java para escolher um ambiente de execução Java diferente.

Por exemplo, para usar a versão 11 do JDK fornecida pelo Adoptium para a plataforma x64, você poderá usar a ação setup-java e configurar os parâmetros java-version, distribution e architecture para '11', 'temurin' e x64.

YAML

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - name: Set up JDK 11 for x64
    uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '11'
      distribution: 'temurin'
      architecture: x64

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - name: Set up JDK 11 for x64
    uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '11'
      distribution: 'temurin'
      architecture: x64

Para obter mais informações, confira a ação setup-java.

Building and testing your code

You can use the same commands that you use locally to build and test your code.

The workflow template will run the build task by default. In the default Gradle configuration, this command will download dependencies, build classes, run tests, and package classes into their distributable format, for example, a JAR file.

If you use different commands to build your project, or you want to use a different task, you can specify those. For example, you may want to run the package task that's configured in your ci.gradle file.

YAML

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '17'
      distribution: 'temurin'

  - name: Setup Gradle
    uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@af1da67850ed9a4cedd57bfd976089dd991e2582 # v4.0.0

  - name: Build with Gradle
    run: ./gradlew -b ci.gradle package

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '17'
      distribution: 'temurin'

  - name: Setup Gradle
    uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@af1da67850ed9a4cedd57bfd976089dd991e2582 # v4.0.0

  - name: Build with Gradle
    run: ./gradlew -b ci.gradle package

Caching dependencies

Your build dependencies can be cached to speed up your workflow runs. After a successful run, gradle/actions/setup-gradle caches important parts of the Gradle user home directory. In future jobs, the cache will be restored so that build scripts won't need to be recompiled and dependencies won't need to be downloaded from remote package repositories.

Caching is enabled by default when using the gradle/actions/setup-gradle action. For more information, see gradle/actions/setup-gradle.

Packaging workflow data as artifacts

After your build has succeeded and your tests have passed, you may want to upload the resulting Java packages as a build artifact. This will store the built packages as part of the workflow run, and allow you to download them. Artifacts can help you test and debug pull requests in your local environment before they're merged. For more information, see Storing and sharing data from a workflow.

Gradle will usually create output files like JARs, EARs, or WARs in the build/libs directory. You can upload the contents of that directory using the upload-artifact action.

YAML

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '17'
      distribution: 'temurin'

  - name: Setup Gradle
    uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@af1da67850ed9a4cedd57bfd976089dd991e2582 # v4.0.0

  - name: Build with Gradle
    run: ./gradlew build

  - name: Upload build artifacts
    uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
    with:
      name: Package
      path: build/libs

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
    with:
      java-version: '17'
      distribution: 'temurin'

  - name: Setup Gradle
    uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@af1da67850ed9a4cedd57bfd976089dd991e2582 # v4.0.0

  - name: Build with Gradle
    run: ./gradlew build

  - name: Upload build artifacts
    uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
    with:
      name: Package
      path: build/libs

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