✨ Exchange with Qiskit using its C-API

[burgholzer]

What's the problem this feature will solve?

This is a tracking issue for monitoring the capabilities of Qiskit's C-API (https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/docs/en/api/qiskit-c) as an alternative for exchanging circuits between the MQT Core IR and Qiskit that does not rely on Python.

Describe the solution you'd like

According to the Qiskit development roadmap (https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/wiki/Roadmap), an API for circuit construction will likely land with Qiskit 2.1 in June 2025
A corresponding PR is open at Qiskit/qiskit#14006.
Once that is in, the MQT could start exploring how we could interoperate with Qiskit on that level.