2023-04-10 15:17:03

Author: wizardforcel

docs/cracking/07.md

@@ -30,15 +30,15 @@
 `caesarHacker.py`
 
 ```py
- 1\. # Caesar Cipher Hacker
- 2\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
+# Caesar Cipher Hacker
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
  3.
- 4\. message = 'guv6Jv6Jz!J6rp5r7Jzr66ntrM'
- 5\. SYMBOLS = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz12345
+message = 'guv6Jv6Jz!J6rp5r7Jzr66ntrM'
+SYMBOLS = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz12345
       67890 !?.'
  6.
- 7\. # Loop through every possible key:
- 8\. for key in range(len(SYMBOLS)):
+# Loop through every possible key:
+for key in range(len(SYMBOLS)):
  9.     # It is important to set translated to the blank string so that the
 10.     # previous iteration's value for translated is cleared:
 11.     translated = ''
@@ -99,11 +99,11 @@ Key #65: hvw7Kw7K1?K7sq6s8K1s77ousN
 破解程序将创建一个`message`变量，存储程序试图解密的密文字符串。`SYMBOLS`常量包含密码可以加密的每个字符:
 
 ```py
- 1\. # Caesar Cipher Hacker
- 2\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
+# Caesar Cipher Hacker
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
  3.
- 4\. message = 'guv6Jv6Jz!J6rp5r7Jzr66ntrM'
- 5\. SYMBOLS = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz12345
+message = 'guv6Jv6Jz!J6rp5r7Jzr66ntrM'
+SYMBOLS = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz12345
       67890 !?.'
 ```
 
@@ -114,8 +114,8 @@ Key #65: hvw7Kw7K1?K7sq6s8K1s77ousN
 第 8 行是一个`for`循环，它不遍历字符串值，而是遍历对`range()`函数调用的返回值:
 
 ```py
- 7\. # Loop through every possible key:
- 8\. for key in range(len(SYMBOLS)):
+# Loop through every possible key:
+for key in range(len(SYMBOLS)):
 ```
 
 `range()`函数接受一个整数参数并返回一个数据类型为`range`的值。范围值可以用在`for`循环中，根据你给函数的整数循环特定的次数。让我们试一个例子。在交互式 shell 中输入以下内容:
@@ -168,8 +168,8 @@ Hello
 接下来几行中的解密代码将解密后的文本添加到`translated`中的字符串末尾。在第 11 行，`translated`被设置为空字符串:
 
 ```py
- 7\. # Loop through every possible key:
- 8\. for key in range(len(SYMBOLS)):
+# Loop through every possible key:
+for key in range(len(SYMBOLS)):
  9.     # It is important to set translated to the blank string so that the
 10.     # previous iteration's value for translated is cleared:
 11.     translated = ''

docs/cracking/08.md

@@ -109,12 +109,12 @@
 Encrypt.py*
 
 ```py
- 1\. # Transposition Cipher Encryption
- 2\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
+# Transposition Cipher Encryption
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
  3.
- 4\. import pyperclip
+import pyperclip
  5.
- 6\. def main():
+def main():
  7.     myMessage = 'Common sense is not so common.'
  8.     myKey = 8
  9.
@@ -171,11 +171,11 @@ Cenoonommstmme oo snnio. s s c|
 导入`pyperclip`模块后，您将在第 6 行使用一个`def`语句创建一个定制函数`main()`。
 
 ```py
- 1\. # Transposition Cipher Encryption
- 2\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
+# Transposition Cipher Encryption
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
  3.
- 4\. import pyperclip
- 6\. def main():
+import pyperclip
+def main():
  7.     myMessage = 'Common sense is not so common.'
  8.     myKey = 8
 ```
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ Hello
 在*transpositonecrypt . py*中的第 6 到第 8 行，你可以看到我们已经定义了一个`main()`函数，它将在被调用时为变量`myMessage`和`myKey`设置值:
 
 ```py
- 6\. def main():
+def main():
  7.     myMessage = 'Common sense is not so common.'
  8.     myKey = 8
 ```

docs/cracking/09.md

@@ -59,12 +59,12 @@
 解密. py*
 
 ```py
- 1\. # Transposition Cipher Decryption
- 2\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
+# Transposition Cipher Decryption
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
  3.
- 4\. import math, pyperclip
+import math, pyperclip
  5.
- 6\. def main():
+def main():
  7.     myMessage = 'Cenoonommstmme oo snnio. s s c'
  8.     myKey = 8
  9.
@@ -132,12 +132,12 @@ Common sense is not so common.|
 *transpositonecrypt . py*程序的第一部分与*transpositonecrypt . py*的第一部分类似:
 
 ```py
- 1\. # Transposition Cipher Decryption
- 2\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
+# Transposition Cipher Decryption
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
  3.
- 4\. import math, pyperclip
+import math, pyperclip
  5.
- 6\. def main():
+def main():
  7.     myMessage = 'Cenoonommstmme oo snnio. s s c'
  8.     myKey = 8
  9.

docs/cracking/10.md

@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@
 Test.py*
 
 ```py
- 1\. # Transposition Cipher Test
- 2\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
+# Transposition Cipher Test
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
  3.
- 4\. import random, sys, transpositionEncrypt, transpositionDecrypt
+import random, sys, transpositionEncrypt, transpositionDecrypt
  5.
- 6\. def main():
+def main():
  7.     random.seed(42) # Set the random "seed" to a static value.
  8.
  9.     for i in range(20): # Run 20 tests.
@@ -108,10 +108,10 @@ Transposition cipher test passed.
 程序从导入模块开始，包括您已经看到的 Python 自带的两个模块，`random`和`sys`:
 
 ```py
- 1\. # Transposition Cipher Test
- 2\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
+# Transposition Cipher Test
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
  3.
- 4\. import random, sys, transpositionEncrypt, transpositionDecrypt
+import random, sys, transpositionEncrypt, transpositionDecrypt
 ```
 
 我们还需要导入转置密码程序(即*transpositonecrypt . py*和*transpositonecrypt . py*)，只需输入它们的名称，而不需要输入*。py* 分机。
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ Transposition cipher test passed.
 首先，让我们设置`main()`函数，它包含测试密码程序的代码。它首先为伪随机字符串设置一个种子:
 
 ```py
- 6\. def main():
+def main():
  7.     random.seed(42) # Set the random "seed" to a static value.
 ```
 

docs/cracking/11.md

@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@
 FileCipher.py*
 
 ```py
- 1\. # Transposition Cipher Encrypt/Decrypt File
- 2\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
+# Transposition Cipher Encrypt/Decrypt File
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
  3.
- 4\. import time, os, sys, transpositionEncrypt, transpositionDecrypt
+import time, os, sys, transpositionEncrypt, transpositionDecrypt
  5.
- 6\. def main():
+def main():
  7.     inputFilename = 'frankenstein.txt'
  8.     # BE CAREFUL! If a file with the outputFilename name already exists,
  9.     # this program will overwrite that file:
@@ -212,12 +212,12 @@ Hello world!
 *transpositonfilecipher . py*程序的第一部分应该看起来很熟悉。第 4 行是程序 `transpositionEncrypt.py` 和*transpositionencrypt . py*以及 Python 的`time`、`os`和`sys`模块的`import`语句。然后我们开始`main()`,设置一些在程序中使用的变量。
 
  ```py
- 1\. # Transposition Cipher Encrypt/Decrypt File
- 2\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
+# Transposition Cipher Encrypt/Decrypt File
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
  3.
- 4\. import time, os, sys, transpositionEncrypt, transpositionDecrypt
+import time, os, sys, transpositionEncrypt, transpositionDecrypt
  5.
- 6\. def main():
+def main():
  7.     inputFilename = 'frankenstein.txt'
  8.     # BE CAREFUL! If a file with the outputFilename name already exists,
  9.     # this program will overwrite that file:
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
 
 练习题的答案可以在本书的网站[`www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes`](https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/)找到。
 
-1.  `os.exists()`和`os.path.exists()`哪个正确？
+ `os.exists()`和`os.path.exists()`哪个正确？
 
 2.  Unix 时代是什么时候？
 

docs/cracking/12.md

@@ -79,30 +79,30 @@ ABANDONS
 *检测英语. py*
 
 ```py
- 1\. # Detect English module
- 2\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
+# Detect English module
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
  3.
- 4\. # To use, type this code:
- 5\. #   import detectEnglish
- 6\. #   detectEnglish.isEnglish(someString) # Returns True or False
- 7\. # (There must be a "dictionary.txt" file in this directory with all
- 8\. # English words in it, one word per line. You can download this from
- 9\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/.)
-10\. UPPERLETTERS = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
-11\. LETTERS_AND_SPACE = UPPERLETTERS + UPPERLETTERS.lower() + ' \t\n'
+# To use, type this code:
+#   import detectEnglish
+#   detectEnglish.isEnglish(someString) # Returns True or False
+# (There must be a "dictionary.txt" file in this directory with all
+# English words in it, one word per line. You can download this from
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/.)
+UPPERLETTERS = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
+LETTERS_AND_SPACE = UPPERLETTERS + UPPERLETTERS.lower() + ' \t\n'
 12.
-13\. def loadDictionary():
+def loadDictionary():
 14.     dictionaryFile = open('dictionary.txt')
 15.     englishWords = {}
 16.     for word in dictionaryFile.read().split('\n'):
 17.         englishWords[word] = None
 18.     dictionaryFile.close()
 19.     return englishWords
 20.
-21\. ENGLISH_WORDS = loadDictionary()
+ENGLISH_WORDS = loadDictionary()
 22.
 23.
-24\. def getEnglishCount(message):
+def getEnglishCount(message):
 25.     message = message.upper()
 26.     message = removeNonLetters(message)
 27.     possibleWords = message.split()
@@ -117,15 +117,15 @@ ABANDONS
 36.     return float(matches) / len(possibleWords)
 37.
 38.
-39\. def removeNonLetters(message):
+def removeNonLetters(message):
 40.     lettersOnly = []
 41.     for symbol in message:
 42.         if symbol in LETTERS_AND_SPACE:
 43.             lettersOnly.append(symbol)
 44.     return ''.join(lettersOnly)
 45.
 46.
-47\. def isEnglish(message, wordPercentage=20, letterPercentage=85):
+def isEnglish(message, wordPercentage=20, letterPercentage=85):
 48.     # By default, 20% of the words must exist in the dictionary file, and
 49.     # 85% of all the characters in the message must be letters or spaces
 50.     # (not punctuation or numbers).
@@ -155,17 +155,17 @@ True
 让我们看一下 `detectEnglish.py` 程序的第一部分。前九行代码是注释，给出了如何使用这个模块的说明。
 
 ```py
- 1\. # Detect English module
- 2\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
+# Detect English module
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
  3.
- 4\. # To use, type this code:
- 5\. #   import detectEnglish
- 6\. #   detectEnglish.isEnglish(someString) # Returns True or False
- 7\. # (There must be a "dictionary.txt" file in this directory with all
- 8\. # English words in it, one word per line. You can download this from
- 9\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/.)
-10\. UPPERLETTERS = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
-11\. LETTERS_AND_SPACE = UPPERLETTERS + UPPERLETTERS.lower() + ' \t\n'
+# To use, type this code:
+#   import detectEnglish
+#   detectEnglish.isEnglish(someString) # Returns True or False
+# (There must be a "dictionary.txt" file in this directory with all
+# English words in it, one word per line. You can download this from
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/.)
+UPPERLETTERS = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
+LETTERS_AND_SPACE = UPPERLETTERS + UPPERLETTERS.lower() + ' \t\n'
 ```
 
 前九行代码是注释，给出了如何使用这个模块的说明。他们提醒用户，除非名为 `dictionary.txt` 的文件与 `detectEnglish.py` 在同一个目录下，否则这个模块不会工作。
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ name Al
 现在让我们返回到 `detectEnglish.py` 并设置字典文件。字典文件位于用户的硬盘上，但是除非我们将该文件中的文本作为字符串值加载，否则我们的 Python 代码无法使用它。我们将创建一个`loadDictionary()`助手函数来完成这项工作:
 
 ```py
-13\. def loadDictionary():
+def loadDictionary():
 14.     dictionaryFile = open('dictionary.txt')
 15.     englishWords = {}
 ```
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ name Al
 然后我们调用`loadDictionary()`并将它返回的字典值存储在一个名为`ENGLISH_WORDS`的变量中:
 
 ```py
-21\. ENGLISH_WORDS = loadDictionary()
+ENGLISH_WORDS = loadDictionary()
 ```
 
 我们想在`detectEnglish`模块中的其余代码之前调用`loadDictionary()`，但是 Python 必须在我们调用函数之前执行`loadDictionary()`的`def`语句。这就是为什么`ENGLISH_WORDS`的赋值在`loadDictionary()`函数代码之后的原因。
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ name Al
 程序代码的第 24 行到第 27 行定义了`getEnglishCount()`函数，该函数接受一个字符串参数并返回一个浮点值，该值指示识别的英语单词与总单词的比率。我们将把比率表示为`0.0`和`1.0`之间的一个值。值`0.0`意味着`message`中没有单词是英语单词，而`1.0`意味着`message`中的所有单词都是英语单词。最有可能的是，`getEnglishCount()`将返回一个介于`0.0`和`1.0`之间的浮点值。`isEnglish()`函数使用该返回值来确定是评估为`True`还是`False`。
 
 ```py
-24\. def getEnglishCount(message):
+def getEnglishCount(message):
 25.     message = message.upper()
 26.     message = removeNonLetters(message)
 27.     possibleWords = message.split()
@@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ ZeroDivisionError: division by zero
 前面解释的`getEnglishCount()`函数调用字符串上的函数`removeNonLetters()`来删除其中的任何数字和标点符号。
 
 ```py
-39\. def removeNonLetters(message):
+def removeNonLetters(message):
 40.     lettersOnly = []
 41.     for symbol in message:
 42.         if symbol in LETTERS_AND_SPACE:
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ ZeroDivisionError: division by zero
 当用错误的密钥解密消息时，它通常会产生比典型的英语消息中多得多的非字母和非空格字符。此外，它产生的单词通常是随机的，在英语词典中是找不到的。`isEnglish()`函数可以在给定的字符串中检查这两个问题。
 
 ```py
-47\. def isEnglish(message, wordPercentage=20, letterPercentage=85):
+def isEnglish(message, wordPercentage=20, letterPercentage=85):
 48.     # By default, 20% of the words must exist in the dictionary file, and
 49.     # 85% of all the characters in the message must be letters or spaces
 50.     # (not punctuation or numbers).

docs/cracking/13.md

@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ RSA 的发明者之一 Ron Rivest 认为限制加密技术是鲁莽的:“仅仅
 黑客. py*
 
 ```py
- 1\. # Transposition Cipher Hacker
- 2\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
+# Transposition Cipher Hacker
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
  3.
- 4\. import pyperclip, detectEnglish, transpositionDecrypt
+import pyperclip, detectEnglish, transpositionDecrypt
  5.
- 6\. def main():
+def main():
  7.     # You might want to copy & paste this text from the source code at
  8.     # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/:
  9.     myMessage = """AaKoosoeDe5 b5sn ma reno ora'lhlrrceey e  enlh
@@ -129,10 +129,10 @@ Failed to hack encryption.
 代码的前几行告诉用户这个程序将做什么。第 4 行导入了几个我们在前面章节中写过或见过的模块: `pyperclip.py` 、 `detectEnglish.py` 和*transpositondecrypt . py*。
 
 ```py
- 1\. # Transposition Cipher Hacker
- 2\. # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
+# Transposition Cipher Hacker
+# https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/ (BSD Licensed)
  3.
- 4\. import pyperclip, detectEnglish, transpositionDecrypt
+import pyperclip, detectEnglish, transpositionDecrypt
 ```
 
 transposition cipher hacker 程序包含大约 50 行代码，相当短，因为它的大部分存在于我们用作模块的其他程序中。
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ transposition cipher hacker 程序包含大约 50 行代码，相当短，因为
 变量存储我们试图破解的密文。第 9 行存储一个以三重引号开始和结束的字符串值。注意这是一个很长的字符串。
 
 ```py
- 6\. def main():
+def main():
  7.     # You might want to copy & paste this text from the source code at
  8.     # https://www.nostarch.com/crackingcodes/:
  9.     myMessage = """AaKoosoeDe5 b5sn ma reno ora'lhlrrceey e  enlh