[Blazor] Update AuthenticationStateProvider to take advantage of Declarative persistent component state

[javiercn]

Currently this is handled by

aspnetcore/src/Components/WebAssembly/Server/src/AuthenticationStateSerializer.cs

Line 16 in bd1ba76

private readonly Func<AuthenticationState, ValueTask<AuthenticationStateData?>> _serializeCallback;

aspnetcore/src/Components/WebAssembly/WebAssembly.Authentication/src/Services/DeserializedAuthenticationStateProvider.cs

Line 14 in bd1ba76

// Do not change. This must match all versions of the server-side AuthenticationStateSerializer.PersistenceKey.

We want to use the same approach we follow with antiforgery.