5th Information Revolution:
The Toolshed Home
CA201 - 8
The Toolshed Home
Coming of electricity Communication without transportation Radio, phonograph, newspaper & magazines were all enjoyed at home
The Great Depression
Mass unemployment Bread lines, soup kitchens Families evicted from homes They wanted FREE entertainment
Free Entertainment
Free radio entertainment was all that many people can afford the Golden Age of Radio Radio was much more personal
The Power of Radio
October 30, 1938 Orson Welles Mercury Theater HG Wells War of the Worlds Demonstrated the emotional power of media Hypodermic Needle Effect
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Television Technology: Beginnings
seeing at a distance Scientific American June 1907 Visual wireless, visual radio, electric vision
Television Technology: Beginnings
1884 Paul Gottlieb Nipkow Nipkow Disk 1st major technological discovery to suggest that pictures could travel
Television Technology: Beginnings
1923 Vladimir Zworykin Developed an all-electronic system to transform a visual image into an electrical signal that could travel through air.
Television Technology: Beginnings
1930 Philo Farnsworth Improved Nipkows Mechanical scanning device: Cathode ray, reproduces electronic images more clearly.
Television Technology: Beginnings
April 30, 1939 NBCs Commercial TV debut 1939 Worlds Fair, NY Pres. Franklin Roosevelt 1st president to appear on TV
Early Television Programming
Like radio with pictures: variety shows, sitcoms, drama, Westerns, detective stories, soap operas and quiz shows
Rise of Television News
November 22, 1963 Assassination of JFK More than 9 out 10 American watched the coverage
1968 Anti-War Demonstrations and Vietnam War
Radio in the TV Era
1936 Edwin Armstrong introduces FM (frequency modulation) radio
1935 Martin Block 1st DJ Licensed recordings launch disc jockeys
Gordon McLendon Introduced format radio -Standardized -programs
Portable Radios
1928 William Lear Car Radio drive-time audiences 6-9 am; 4-7pm Gerald Bartell 1957
Radios New Role
Once the leisure-time reward Now accompanies almost every type of activity Radio as companion Radio survived because it adapted to fill a different need for its audience
Wiring the Toolshed: CATV
CATV Community Antenna Television 1948 John Walson Demonstrated TV using army surplus twin-lead cable Jerrold Electronics designed the system
Wiring the Toolshed: CATV
Early CATV systems received broadcast television signals off the air and distributed the over coaxial cable to subscribers television These systems did not originate programming
Originating Programming
1951 Martin Malarkey Pottsville, Pennsylvania Responsible for local origination with his 30 min local program CATV was now cable tv
Trying to Record Television
John Logie Baird The first to produce moving television images. Tried to record a picture signal on phonograph records.
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Lee de Forest Built an apparatus that included a revolving wheel and needles that etched a moving film coated with silver.
RVL Harley and HE Ives devised the kinescope.
The First Videotape Machines
1956 Ampex succeeded in devising a video recorder 3M worked with Ampex to make high quality recording tape 1958 networks were recording in color 1971 Sony introduced the Umatic cassette tape recorder
Home Videos
People do not have to read a book when its delivered. Why should they have to see a TV program when it is delivered? 1976 JVC introduced the VHS (video home system).
Akio Morita SONY President
1975 SONY introduced the Betamax.
Cellular Phones
A long-rage, portable electronic device used for mobile communication 1945 0G phones were introduced 1970 Amos Joel of Bell Labs invented the call-handoff feature Martin Cooper of Motorola inventor of the first practical mobile phone Mid-1980s 1G phones were launched 1st fully automatic mobile phone system
To Summarize
NEED
Free entertainment, information by demand
MEANS
Radio, phonograph, telephone
SOLUTION
Television, new radio formats, cable TV, VCRs, fiber optics, cellular phones
EFFECT
Old media adapting to old media, time shifting, heavy media usage, contacts decreasing
