Week 1:

Introduction to Project
Management
Prof. Ahmed Sameh
Professor of Computer Sc. &
Information Systems

Administration
Instructor: Dr. Ahmed Sameh
Professor in Computer Science & Information Systems
[email protected]
Room: E239
Course Website on:

http://info.psu.edu.sa/psu/cis/asameh/
Primary course resource repository
Lecture notes
Links to other resources
Class communication: announcements, + ..

Consultation Times
11.00 1.00 pm M, 2:00-4:00 W

For emergency appointments please:

Email me (subject line: CS202 Appointment Request)
Give enough notice (at least 24 hrs)
Give a list of alternative times when you are available.

Course Organisation
Classes:
2 Hour lectures on Monday & Wednesday
These will include workshop activities and discussions

CLASSES

Prescribed & Recommended

Readings
The prescribed text for this course is:
Available in Co-op Bookshop
Schwalbe, K., Information Technology Project Management 5e, Thomson Course

Technology, 2007, ISBN 1-4239-0145-2

Recommended Excellent Alternative Reading:
Rachel Biheller Bunin, New Perspectives on Microsoft Office Project 2007

Introductory, Cengage Learning, 2008, ISBN 1-4239-0594-6

Gido, J. and Clements, J.P., Successful Project Management 2e, Thomson South-

Western, 2003, ISBN 0-324-07168-X

Meredith, J.R. and Mantel, S.J., Project Management: A Managerial Approach, 4th

Edition, John Wiley, 2000 3rd Edition.

Various web site resources. To be notified in lectures and

announced on the website. Check the site at least twice per week.

Assessment for this course

Item

Week

Assessment

Percentage

Weekly

Group Worksheets for the

Project

5%

Week 4

Project Charter

5%

Week 7

Mid Semester Exam I

15%

Week 10

1st Draft of all project

assets

10%

Week 11

Mid Term Exam II

15%

Week 15

All final project assets due

10%

Week

Final exam

40%

16
Examination items of this course will include take home tests, weekly worksheets,
quizzes, oral presentations, written reports, and your group participation

Topics covered in CS202

Introduction to Project Management
Context and Processes
Project Integration Management
Project Scope Management
Project Time Management
Project Cost, Quality and HR Management
Project Quality Management
Project HR Management
Communications Management
Project Risk Management
Project Procurement Management

Learning Objectives
Understand the growing need for better project

management, especially for information technology

projects
Explain what a project is and provide examples of

information technology projects

Describe what project management is and discuss key

elements of the project management framework

Learning Objectives
Discuss how project management relates to other

disciplines
Understand the history of project management
Describe the project management profession,

including recent trends in project management

research, certification, and software products

Context of your learning

Project Management
Processes
Planning

Managerial

Technical

Quality
Management
Risk
Management
HR
Management
Configuration
Management

Scheduling

Context
Control

Project Management Tools

Communication & Reporting

Procurement
Management

Project Management
Statistics

The U.S. spends $2.3 trillion on projects every

year, an amount equal to one-quarter of the

nations gross domestic product.
The world as a whole spends nearly $10 trillion of

its $40.7 trillion gross product on projects of all

kinds.
More than sixteen million people regard project

management as their profession; on average, a

project manager earns more than $82,000 per
year.*
11

More Information
on Project Management
More than half a million new information

technology (IT) application development

projects were initiated during 2001, up from
300,000 in 2000.*

Famous business authors and consultants

are stressing the importance of project

management. As Tom Peters writes in his
book, Reinventing Work: the Project 50, To
win today you must master the art of the
project!
*The Standish Group, CHAOS 2001: A Recipe for Success

12

Motivation for Studying

Information Technology (IT)
Project Management
IT projects have a terrible track record
A 1995 Standish Group study (CHAOS) found that only

16.2% of IT projects were successful and over 31%

were canceled before completion, costing over $81 B in
the U.S. alone
The need for IT projects keeps increasing
In 2000, there were 300,000 new IT projects
In 2001, over 500,000 new IT projects were started

13

Advantages of Using Formal

Project Management
Better control of financial, physical, and human

resources
Improved customer relations
Shorter development times
Lower costs
Higher quality and increased reliability
Higher profit margins
Improved productivity
Better internal coordination
Higher worker morale
14

What Is a Project?
A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to

accomplish a unique product or service (PMBOK

Guide 2000, p. 4)
Attributes of projects
unique purpose
temporary
require resources, often from various areas
should have a primary sponsor and/or customer
involve uncertainty

15

Samples of IT Projects
Northwest Airlines developed a new reservation

system called ResNet (see case study on companion

Web site at www.course.com/mis/schwalbe)
Many organizations upgrade hardware, software, and
networks via projects
Organizations develop new software or enhance
existing systems to perform many business functions
Note: IT projects refers to projects involving
hardware, software, and networks

16

Waves of technology

17

The Triple Constraint

Every project is constrained in different ways by its
Scope goals: What is the project trying to accomplish?
Time goals: How long should it take to complete?
Cost goals: What should it cost?

It is the project managers duty to balance these three

often competing goals

18

The Triple Constraint of Project

Management

19

The 2001 Standish Group Report

Showed Decided Improvement in
Project Success
Time overruns significantly decreased to 163%

compared to 222%
Cost overruns were down to 145% compared to
189%
Required features and functions were up to 67%
compared to 61%
78,000 U.S. projects were successful compared
to 28,000
28% of IT projects succeeded compared to 16%

20

Why the Improvements?

The reasons for the increase in successful

projects vary.
First, the average cost of a project has been
more than cut in half.
Better tools have been created to monitor
and control progress and better skilled
project managers with better
management processes are being used.
The fact that there are processes is
significant in itself.
21

What is Project
Management?
Project management is the application of knowledge,
skills, tools, and techniques to project activities in order
to meet project requirements (PMI*, Project
Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide),
2004)

*The Project Management Institute (PMI) is an international

professional society. Their web site is www.pmi.org.

22

Project Management
Framework

23

Project Stakeholders
Stakeholders are the people involved in or affected

by project activities
Stakeholders include
the project sponsor and project team
support staff
customers
users
suppliers
opponents to the project

24

9 Project Management
Knowledge Areas
Knowledge areas describe the key competencies that

project managers must develop

4 core knowledge areas lead to specific project

objectives (scope, time, cost, and quality)

4 facilitating knowledge areas are the means through
which the project objectives are achieved (human
resources, communication, risk, and procurement
management)
1 knowledge area (project integration management)
affects and is affected by all of the other knowledge
areas

25

Project Management Tools and

Techniques
Project management tools and techniques assist

project managers and their teams in various

aspects of project management

Some specific ones include

Project Charter, scope statement, and WBS (scope)
Gantt charts, network diagrams, critical path

analysis, critical chain scheduling (time)

Cost estimates and earned value management
(cost)

26

How Project Management

Relates to Other Disciplines
Much of the knowledge needed to manage

projects is unique to the discipline of project

management
Project mangers must also have knowledge and
experience in
general management
the application area of the project

27

History of Project
Management
Some people argue that building the Egyptian

pyramids was a project, as was building the Great

Wall of China
Most people consider the Manhattan Project to be
the first project to use modern project
management
This three-year, $2 billion (in 1946 dollars) project
had a separate project manager and a technical
manager

28

Sample Gantt Chart

The WBS is on the left, and each tasks start and finish date
are shown on the right using a calendar timescale. Early Gantt
Charts, first used in 1917, were drawn by hand.
29

Sample Network Diagram

Each box is a project task from the WBS. Arrows show dependencies between tasks. The
bolded tasks are on the critical path. If any tasks on the critical path take longer than planned,
the whole project will slip unless something is done. Network diagrams were first used in
1958 on the Navy Polaris project, before project management software was available.
30

Sample Enterprise Project

Management Tool

In recent years, organizations have been taking advantage of software to

help manage their projects throughout the enterprise.
31

The Project Management

Profession
The job of IT Project Manager is in the list of the top

ten most in demand IT skills

Professional societies like the Project Management
Institute (PMI) have grown tremendously
Project management research and certification
programs continue to grow

32

Top Ten Most in Demand IT

Skills
Rank
IT Skill/Job
Average Annual Salary
1
SQL Database Analyst
$80,664
2
Oracle Database Analyst
$87,144
3
C/C++ Programmer
$95,829
4
Visual Basic Programmer
$76,903
5
E-commerce/Java Developer
$89,163
6
Windows NT/2000 Expert
$80,639
7
Windows/Java Developert
$93,785
8
Security Architect
$86,881
9
Project Manager
$95,719
10
Network Engineer
$82,906
Paul Ziv, The Top 10 IT Skills in Demand, Global Knowledge Webcast
(www.globalknowledge.com) (11/20/2002).

33

Project Management Knowledge

Continues to Grow and Mature
PMI hosted their first research conference in

June 2000 in Paris, France, and the second

one in Seattle in July 2002
The PMBOK Guide 2000 is an ANSI
standard
PMIs certification department earned ISO
9000 certification
Hundreds of new books, articles, and
presentations related to project management
have been written in recent years
34

Project Management
Certification
PMI provides certification as a Project

Management Professional (PMP)

A PMP has documented sufficient project
experience, agreed to follow a code of ethics, and
passed the PMP exam
The number of people earning PMP certification
is increasing quickly
PMI and other organizations are offering new
certification programs

35

Growth in PMP Certification,

1993-2002

36

Ethics in Project
Management
Ethics is an important part of all
professions
Project managers often face ethical
dilemmas
In order to earn PMP certification,
applicants must agree to the PMP
code of professional conduct
37

Project Management
Software
By 2003, there were hundreds of different products

to assist in performing project management

Three main categories of tools exist:

Low-end tools: Handle single or smaller projects well,

cost under $200 per user

Midrange tools: Handle multiple projects and users, cost
$200-500 per user, Project 2000 most popular
High-end tools: Also called enterprise project
management software, often licensed on a per-user basis
Project 2002 now includes a separate version for

enterprise project management

38

You Can Apply Project

Management to Many Areas
Project management applies to work as well as

personal projects
Project management applies to many different
disciplines (IT, construction, finance, sports, event
planning, etc.)
Project management skills can help in everyday
life

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IT Project Management, Third Edition

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IT Project Management, Third Edition

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IT Project Management, Third Edition

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