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Turban Dss9e Ch03

Turban Dss9e Ch03

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365 views

Turban Dss9e Ch03

Turban Dss9e Ch03

Uploaded by

Neeraj Bhanot
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

Decision Support and

Business Intelligence
Systems
(9th Ed., Prentice Hall)

Chapter 3:
Decision Support Systems
Concepts, Methodologies, and
Technologies: An Overview

DSS Configurations

Many configurations exist; based on

management-decision situation
specific technologies used for support

DSS have three basic components


Data
2. Model
3. User interface
4. (+ optional) Knowledge
1.

3-2

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

DSS Configurations

Each component

Typical types:

3-3

has several
variations; are
typically deployed
online
Managed by a
commercial of
custom software
Model-oriented DSS
Data-oriented DSS
Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

DSS Description

An early definition of DSS

3-4

A system intended to support managerial decision


makers in semistructured and unstructured
decision situations
meant to be adjuncts to decision makers
(extending their capabilities but not replacing their
judgment)
aimed at decisions that required judgment or at
decisions that could not be completely supported
by algorithms
would be computer based; operate interactively;
and would have graphical output capabilities

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

DSS Description

A DSS is typically built to support the solution


of a certain problem (or to evaluate a specific
opportunity). This is a key difference between
DSS and BI applications

3-5

BI systems monitor situations and identify


problems and/or opportunities, using variety of
analytic methods
The user generally must identify whether a
particular situation warrants attention
Reporting/data warehouse plays a major role in BI
DSS often has its own database and models

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

DSS Description

DSS is an approach (or methodology) for


supporting decision making

3-6

uses an interactive, flexible, adaptable computerbased information system (CBIS)


developed (by end user) for supporting the solution
to a specific nonstructured management problem
uses data, model and knowledge along with a
friendly (often graphical; Web-based) user interface
incorporate the decision maker's own insights
supports all phases of decision making
can be used by a single user or by many people

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

A Web-Based DSS Architecture

3-7

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

DSS Characteristics and Capabilities

DSS is not quite synonymous with BI

3-8

DSS are generally built to solve a specific


problem and include their own database(s)
BI applications focus on reporting and
identifying problems by scanning data
stored in data warehouses
Both systems generally include analytical
tools (BI called business analytics systems)
Although some may run locally as a
spreadsheet, both DSS and BI uses Web

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

DSS Characteristics and Capabilities

3-9

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

DSS Characteristics and Capabilities

3-10

Business analytics implies the use of models


and data to improve an organization's
performance and/or competitive posture
Web analytics implies using business analytics
on real-time Web information to assist in
decision making; often related to e-Commerce
Predictive analytics describes the business
analytics method of forecasting problems and
opportunities rather than simply reporting
them as they occur

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

DSS Classifications

Other DSS Categories

3-11

Institutional and ad-hoc DSS


Personal, group, and organizational
support
Individual support system versus group
support system (GSS)
Custom-made systems versus ready-made
systems

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

DSS Classifications

Holsapple and Whinston's Classification


1.
2.

3.
4.
5.

6.
3-12

The text-oriented DSS


The database-oriented DSS.
The spreadsheet-oriented DSS
The solver-oriented DSS
The rule-oriented DSS (include most
knowledge-driven DSS, data mining,
management, and ES applications)
The compound DSS

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

DSS Classifications

Alter's Output Classification


Orientation Category

Type of Operation

Data

Access data items

File drawer systems

Data analysis systems Ad hoc analysis of data files

3-13

Data or
models

Analysis information
systems

Ad hoc analysis involving


multiple databases and small
models

Models

Accounting models

Standard calculations that


estimate future results on the
basis of accounting definitions

Optimization models

Calculating an optimal solution to


a combinatorial problem

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

DSS Classifications

Holsapple and Whinston's Classification


1.
2.

3.
4.
5.

6.
3-14

The text-oriented DSS


The database-oriented DSS
The spreadsheet-oriented DSS
The solver-oriented DSS
The rule-oriented DSS (include most
knowledge-driven DSS, data mining,
management, and ES applications)
The compound DSS

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Components of DSS

3-15

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Components of DSS

Data Management Subsystem

Model Management Subsystem

Model base management system (MBMS)

User Interface Subsystem


Knowledgebase Management Subsystem

3-16

Includes the database that contains the data


Database management system (DBMS)
Can be connected to a data warehouse

Organizational knowledge base

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

DSS User

One faced with a decision that an MSS is


designed to support

The users differ greatly from each other

3-17

Manager, decision maker, problem solver,


Different organizational positions they occupy;
cognitive preferences/abilities; the ways of
arriving at a decision (i.e., decision styles)

User = Individual versus Group


Managers versus Staff Specialists [staff
assistants, expert tool users, business
(system) analysts, facilitators (in a GSS)]

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

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