Contents

Topics List of Tables List of Charts 1. Introduction 1.1. Industry profile 1.2. Company profile 1.3. Product profile 2. Project description 2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 3.1. 3.2. 3.3. 3.4. 3.5. 4. Findings 5. Conclusions 5.1. 6. Appendices 7. Bibliography Suggestions Problem Statement Research objectives Review of Literature Sampling design Research design Data Collection Data Analysis Limitations Page No.

3. Research Methodology

LIST OF TABLES S. No.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Title of tables Products of a soft drink industry Few other products of a soft drink industry Analysis of injuries reported by the soft drinks industry 1995/97 Working experience of the employees Income level of the employees Satisfaction of the employees with their working environment Workers attended the training program arranged by the management Opinion on safety measures handled in the work place Satisfaction on the placement of the warning panels regarding safety in the firm Safety materials provided by the management to the workers Opinion on the flexibility of the management Opinion on the awareness of the safety rules among the employees Opinion on carelessness in working environment Satisfaction of the employees on the health and safety training program Responsibility of the workers towards their co-workers Communication between the workers and the management Opinion on the first aid facilities given by the organization in case of any accident. Opinion on giving rewards to improve safety awareness Awareness of employees in case of an emergency Importance of reviewing and revising the Safety Operating

Page No.

Procedures
21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34.

Opinion on health and safety inspections Opinion on training given to the new employees Employees those who met with accidents in their work place The department which has more number of accidents taking place Standard deviation on income level of employees Weighted average on the satisfaction level of the working environment Data collected on training of employees in emergency situation Chi-square test on employees training in emergency situation Data collected on attendance of employees and workers met with accidents Chi-square test on the level of accidents in the firm Data on responsibility of workers in reporting problems to their superiors Chi square test on reporting issues from their co-workers Spearmans rank correlation on revision of SOP by inspections Spearmans rank correlation on satisfaction of employees on their training

LIST OF CHARTS S.No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. Title of the charts Working experience of workers Income level of the workers Satisfaction level of the employees on their working environment Number of workers attended the training program Opinion on handling safety measures Opinion on placement of warning panels Safety materials provided to the workers Flexibility of the management towards employee safety Opinion on the awareness of the safety rules Opinion on carelessness in working environment Satisfaction on the health and safety training programs Responsibility among the employees Communication between the workers and the management. Satisfaction on the first aid facilities Opinion on giving rewards to improve safety awareness Awareness regarding emergency issues Opinion on the importance of the SOP Opinion on safety inspections conducted by the management Opinion on safety training given to the new employees Workers met with accidents in their work place Department with more number of accidents Page No.

1. Introduction

Safety Safety is the condition or state of being safe. The word safety can be defined as the freedom from whatever exposes one to danger or from liability to cause danger or harm; safeness; hence, the quality of making safe or secure, or of giving confidence, justifying trust, insuring against harm or loss, etc. Safety Measures Safety measures are activities and precautions taken to improve safety, i.e. reduce risk related to human health. Common safety measures include: * Root cause analysis to identify causes of a system failure and correct deficiencies. * Visual examination for dangerous situations such as emergency exits blocked because they are being used as storage areas. * Visual examination for flaws such as cracks, peeling, loose connections. * Chemical analysis * X-ray analysis to see inside a sealed object such as a weld, a cement wall or an airplane outer skin. * Destructive testing of samples * Stress testing subjects a person or product to stresses in excess of those the person or product is designed to handle, to determining the "breaking point". * Safety margins/Safety factors. For instance, a product rated to never be required to handle more than 200 pounds might be designed to fail under at least 400 pounds, a safety factor of two. Higher numbers are used in more sensitive applications such as medical or transit safety. * Implementation of standard protocols and procedures so that activities are conducted in a known way. * Training of employees, vendors, product users * Instruction manuals explaining how to use a product or perform an activity * Instructional videos demonstrating proper use of products * Examination of activities by specialists to minimize physical stress or increase 6

productivity * Government regulation so suppliers know what standards their product is expected to meet. * Industry regulation so suppliers know what level of quality is expected. Industry regulation is often imposed to avoid potential government regulation. * Self-imposed regulation of various types. * Statements of Ethics by industry organizations or an individual company so its employees know what is expected of them. * Drug testing of employees, etc. * Physical examinations to determine whether a person has a physical condition that would create a problem. * Periodic evaluations of employees, departments, etc. * Geological surveys to determine whether land or water sources are polluted, how firm the ground is at a potential building site, etc. Safety measures in Soft drink industry The soft drink industry has a working environment probably with many reported accidents. Handling safety measures for such an industry is a hard job. Priorities are likely to be different in the three main parts of the soft drinks industry (production, distribution and dispense) because of the nature of the activities undertaken.

1.1. Industry Profile

One of the dynamic industries in our country is the soft drink industry. Soft drinks are a non-alcoholic beverage made with carbonated water. Such drinks are called soft to distinguish them from Alcoholic or hard drinks. Soft drinks are also called pop because the type of bottle caps used before 1890s made a popping noise when removed. People in various areas call soft drinks as soda. Most soft drinks are sweetened and flavored with specially prepared syrup, the flavoring are usually made from various plant part such as root, bark and seeds of cola tree. Most brands of soft drinks were manufactured through franchised bottle with a security formulated beverage syrup or flavor base. Mr. Joseph Priestly, an English Chemist, produced the first artificially carbonated water in the year 1772. At that time mineral water was a popular remedy for certain diseases. Previously artificial mineral water was also called as soda water. In 1806 bottled soft water was produced and sold by Mr. Benjamin Sill man, a Chemistry Professor at Yale College. The number of soft drink bottling company in the United States increased approximately from 65 to 2000, within the period 1980-2000 during 1970s increased in the price of soft drinks. Many people switched to less expensive noncarbonated soft drinks, produced using powdered mixes which became an important part of an industry. The Soft Drink Industry consists of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing non-alcoholic, carbonated beverages, mineral waters and concentrates and syrups for the manufacture of carbonated beverages. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fruit juices and non-carbonated fruit drinks are classified in Canned and Preserved Fruit and Vegetable Industry. Principal activities and products:

Aerated waters; Carbonated beverages; Mineral and spring waters; Soft drink concentrates and syrup; and Soft drink preparation carbonating.

Soft Drink and Ice Manufacturing: 8

Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing soft drinks, ice or bottled water, including that which is naturally carbonated. Water-bottling establishments in this industry purify the water before bottling it.

Fruit drinks (except juice), manufacturing Ice (except dry ice), manufacturing

Iced tea, bottling or canning Soft drinks, manufacturing Water, purifying and bottling

Table 1: Products of a soft drink industry Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in:

Freezing juices and drinks Canning fruit and vegetable juices Manufacturing milk-based drinks Manufacturing coffee and tea, except ready-to-drink Manufacturing soft drink bases or fruit syrups for flavouring Manufacturing non-alcoholic beer and wine

Flavouring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing: Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing soft drink concentrates and syrup, and related products for soda fountain use or for making soft drinks.

Beverage bases, manufacturing Flavouring concentrates (except coffeebased), manufacturing

Fruit syrups for flavouring, manufacturing

Soda fountain syrups, manufacturing Soft drink bases, manufacturing

Table 2: Few other products of a soft drink industry Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in:

Reducing maple sap to maple syrup

Manufacturing chocolate syrup Manufacturing flavouring extracts Manufacturing powdered drink mixes and table syrup from corn syrup and Manufacturing soft drinks.

In a rapidly changing climate, the Soft Drink Industry as with other food and beverage processing industries must address a number of challenges if it is to continue to grow and prosper. These include the following:

concentration of major retail chains, resulting in a higher degree of competition for shelf space; changing consumer demographics resulting in changing consumer tastes and increased demand for healthier products; and, increased competition from other non-alcoholic beverages, such as energy drinks and sports drinks.

Although retail concentration has increased over the years, soft drink manufacturers enjoy a wider variety of distribution channels than some processed food and beverage products. The industry distributes its products through supermarkets and grocery stores, drug stores, convenience stores and gas outlets, mass merchandisers and warehouse outlets. The foodservice and hospitality industry, in particular fast food outlets, is another method of distribution. Vending machines also provide a distribution channel for these products.

1.2. Company Profile PepsiCo entered India in 1989 and has grown to become one of the countrys leading food and beverage companies.

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One of the largest multinational investors in the country, PepsiCo has established a business which aims to serve the long term dynamic needs of consumers in India. In 1903, Pepsi-cola trademark was registered. In the real of non alcoholic drinks consumers spent more money on carbonated soft drinks than anything else. The sector is dominated by three major players which together control nearly 80% of the global market. Coca-Cola is king of the soft drink empire and boasts a global market share of around 50% followed by Pepsi co at about 21% and Cadbury Schweppes 1dr pepper and save up at 70%. PepsiCo is most successful consumer product company in the world with annual revenue of $ 20 billion and about 1, 43,000 employees. Some of PepsiCos brand names are nearly 100 years old. PepsiCo has achieved a leadership position in each of the two major packaged good business i.e. beverage and snack chips. PepsiCo the conglomerate king of soft drink has its wide range of soft drinks products available in every book & corner of the world. The company consists of Frito-Lay North America, PepsiCo Beverages North America, PepsiCo International and Quaker Foods North America. PepsiCo brands are available in nearly 200 countries and territories and generate sales at the retail level of about $92 billion. Some of PepsiCo's brand names are more than 100-years-old, but the corporation is relatively young. PepsiCo was founded in 1965 through the merger of Pepsi-Cola and Frito-Lay. Tropicana was acquired in 1998 and PepsiCo merged with The Quaker Oats Company, including Gatorade, in 2001. PepsiCo offers product choices to meet a broad variety of needs and preference -from fun-for-you items to product choices that contribute to healthier life style. To be the world's premier consumer Products Company check on convenient foods and beverages. We seek to produce healthy financial rewards to investors as we provide opportunities for growth and enrichment to our employees, our business partners and the communities in which we operate. And in everything we do, we strive for

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honesty, fairness and integrity. Shareholders PepsiCo (symbol: PEP) shares are traded principally on the New York Stock Exchange in the United States. The company is also listed on the Amsterdam, Chicago and Swiss stock exchanges. PepsiCo has consistently paid cash dividends since the corporation was founded. Corporate Citizenship At PepsiCo, we believe that as a corporate citizen, we have a responsibility to contribute to the quality of life in our communities. This philosophy is expressed in our sustainability vision which states: PepsiCo responsibility is to continually improve all aspects of the world in which we operate environment, social, economic -- creating a better tomorrow than today. Our vision is put into action through programs and a focus on environmental stewardship, activities to benefit society, and a commitment to build shareholder value by making PepsiCo a truly sustainable company. PepsiCo Boilerplate PepsiCo offers the worlds largest portfolio of billion-dollar food and beverage brands, including 18 different product lines each generating more than $1 billion in annual retail sales. Our main businesses Frito-Lay, Quaker, Pepsi-Cola, Tropicana and Gatorade also make hundreds of other nourishing, tasty foods and drinks that bring joy to our consumers in over 200 countries. With more than $43 billion in 2008 revenues, PepsiCo employs 285,000 people who are united by our unique commitment to sustainable growth, called Performance with Purpose. By dedicating ourselves to offering a broad array of choices for healthy, convenient and fun nourishment, reducing our environmental impact, and fostering a diverse and inclusive workplace culture, PepsiCo balances strong financial returns with giving back to our communities worldwide.

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Brand Facts PepsiCo nourishes consumers with a range of products from tasty treats to healthy eats that deliver enjoyment, nutrition, convenience as well as affordability The group has built an expansive beverage and foods business. To support its operations, PepsiCo has 42 bottling plants in India, of which 13 are company owned and 29 are franchisee owned. In addition to this, PepsiCos Frito Lay division has 3 state-of-the-art plants. PepsiCos business is based on its sustainability vision of making tomorrow better than today. PepsiCos commitment to living by this vision every day is visible in its contribution to the country, consumers and farmers. Brand Advantage

Pepsi has become a friend to the youth and has led many youth cultures. Youngsters over the generations have grown up with Pepsi and share an emotional connect with it, unlike any other cola brand. Be it parties, hangouts, or just another day at home, a day is never complete without the fizz of Pepsi!

Pepsi, Cricket and Bollywood have been joined at the hip since the beginning. Shah Rukh Khan, Sachin Tendulkar, Saif Ali Khan, Amitabh Bachchan, Kareena Kapoor, Priyanka Chopra, Virender Sehwag, M. S. Dhoni, John Abraham, Ranbir Kapoor and Deepika Padukone are a few celebrities who will go any length for a chilled Pepsi.

The Pepsi My Can is undoubtedly the most popular cola pack of all times. It is not just a pack but a style statement for todays youth.

THE INDIAN STORY Pepsi & Co came to India as food processing unit, Punjab during the year 1986-87 head office Pepsi food unit situated in Delhi, employees are more than 2500 people. 13

Pepsi co today is the leader in the cola and orange segments of beverages in India and enjoys leadership in soft drinks in many parts of the country. It focuses on execution excellence, strengthen, bottle network, reach and penetration in rural and semi-urban areas and customer focused marketing areas.

HEAD OFFICE

PEPSI FOODS

PEPSI CO INDIA HOLDING

PEPSI INDIA MARKETING

COMPANY OWNED OPERATION

FRANCHISE OPERATION

PEPSI INDIA MARKETING: Distribute soft drink all over the world

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There are two types they are, 1. Company owned Operation 2. Franchise operation

1. Company owned operation: Company owned operation means where the company if self sells the soft drinks and pet items 2. Franchise operation: It means where the private agency make contract with the company to sell the soft drinks and pet items. Franchise operated plants where setup in India which manufactured the concentrate in the year 1993 1994. PEPSI PROFILE IN MADURAI The present plant located at Paravai, Madurai was commissioned in December 1987 to manufacture double cola a regional product. The plant was taken over by Mr. Adaikalaraj a congress M.P. Then for selling PepsiCo product a franchise. The plant was acquired by PepsiCo on 2nd May 1994; it is located 8km from the city of Madurai and service the entire south TamilNadu and parts of Kerala. This plant at presently has been installed capacity of 435 BPM and 65 employees. This plant has been identified as a center of excellence among the Pepsi cola international plant and has been a consistent performance in areas of product quality and plant key performance indicators. 1.3. PRODUCT PROFILE Soft drinks are a non-alcoholic beverage made on carbonated water. Such drinks are called soft to distinguish then from alcoholic or hard drinks. Pepsi co today is the leader

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in the cola and orange segments of beverages in India and Enjoys leadership in soft drinks in many par of the country.

Beverages

PepsiCo Indias expansive portfolio includes iconic refreshment beverages Pepsi, 7 UP, Nimbooz, Mirinda and Mountain Dew, in addition to low calorie options such as Diet Pepsi, hydrating and nutritional beverages such as Aquafina drinking water, isotonic sports drinks - Gatorade, Tropicana100% fruit juices, and juice based drinks Tropicana Nectars, Tropicana Twister and Slice. Local brands Lehar Evervess Soda, Dukes Lemonade and Mangola add to the diverse range of brands. Foods

PepsiCos food division, Frito-Lay, is the leader in the branded salty snack market and all Frito Lay products are free of trans-fat and MSG. It manufactures Lays Potato Chips, Cheetos extruded snacks, Uncle Chipps and traditional snacks under the Kurkure and Lehar brands. The companys high fibre breakfast cereal, Quaker Oats, and low fat and roasted snack options enhance the healthful choices available to consumers. Frito Lays core products, Lays, Kurkure, Uncle Chipps and Cheetos are cooked in Rice Bran Oil to significantly reduce saturated fats and all of its products contain voluntary nutritional labeling on their packets. 16

It has the following major brands; Foods

Cheetos Kurkure Lay's Lehar Namkeen Quaker Oats Uncle Chipps Aliva Pepsi 7UP Aquafina Gatorade Mountain Dew Nimbooz Slice Tropicana Tropicana Twister Mirinda This is the number one bottle brand in the United States. The snack food category includes Cheetos, Lays.

Beverages

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2. Project Description In an industry with numerous chances of accidents like a soft drink industry it is hard to maintain and handle the safety measures among the employees. And, for a multinational company like PepsiCo with a huge number of employees the job 18

of taking proper measures is vital. It would be more appropriate to inquire the views of the workers who really work in such tough working environment to know the steps to be taken to build an accident free surrounding. 2.1. Problem Statement The major aim of the following study is to recognize the labour safety measures taken in PepsiCo India Holdings Private Limited, Madurai; analyze the details acquired to find the steps taken by the management to have a safe and secured environment for the employees working in the firm. 2.2. Research Objectives The objective of the conducted study is to promote a safe and healthy working environment by providing a framework that allows the organization to consistently identify and control its health and safety risks, reduce the potential for accidents, aid legislative compliance and improve overall performance. The objective includes: Potential reduction in the number of accidents Proof of legal and regulatory compliance To know commitment to health and safety Better management of health and safety risks Potential reduced public liability insurance costs And thereby have a working environment with reduced risks related to human health.

2.3. Review of Literature There have been number of research processes done on the safety measures of various

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industries. And when it comes to soft drink industry there are risks involved in all the level of the processes from production till shipping. And here is the study Printed and published by the Health and Safety Executive Guide to the conduct of pallet racking and shelving surveys Guideline No 6, which clearly indicates the importance of safety management in a soft drink industry.

HSE information sheet Priorities for health and safety in the soft drinks industry
Food Sheet No 19 Introduction This sheet contains important information for employers and employees in the soft drinks industry and has been agreed with the main trade associations. It draws your attention to aspects of the working environment that deserve special attention. The information in this sheet is based on an analysis of injuries reported to HSE and local authorities by employers, HSEs investigations and information from the industry. Employers should assess all the information discussed in this sheet to make sure that adequate precautions are in place, and remain in place. If you need further guidance on a particular topic, please refer to the Useful information section which lists both HSE and trade association publications. Scope of this guidance This guidance is based on reports to HSE and local authorities from employers whose main activity is coded to Standard Industrial Classification (1992) 1598. This code includes soft drink production and some distribution/delivery.

The priorities Table 1 lists the most common situations that cause accidents across the whole industry,

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in order of priority. The table, along with other experience, indicates that it is important to focus on the following issues as they cause over 80% of all injuries: (a) manual handling - especially crates, drinks packs and heavy plant; (b) slips and trips - 90% of slips are on wet surfaces; (c) people being struck by moving objects, including falls of articles - especially while being handled; (d) machinery - especially conveyors and packaging plant; (e) falls - especially from vehicles, stairs, ladders and work platforms; (f) vehicles - especially fork-lift trucks. Although few injuries arise from entry into confined spaces (entry rarely required) or from fire and explosion (most flavouring essences are highly flammable liquids and sugar dust is explosible), managing these risks will remain priorities for the industry in view of the potential consequences if matters went amiss. Priorities are likely to be different in the three main parts of the soft drinks industry (production, distribution and dispense) because of the nature of the activities undertaken. Nevertheless, the broad conclusions above will be helpful in targeting effort. Occupational ill health Because accident reports do not include occupational ill health, Table 1 only covers safety. But experience suggests that the occupational ill health priorities are likely to be: (a) chronic ill health, such as back injuries, from heavy manual handling, eg of crates, drinks packs and items of plant; (b) noise-induced hearing loss from noisy plant, eg packaging machinery (especially

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canning and bottling lines) compressors, boilers etc. The risks compared with other industries Incidence rates, that is the number of reported injuries per 100 000 employees, enable comparisons to be made with other industries. For 1996/97 the incidence rate for the soft drinks industry, from official figures, indicated a rate of 236 for major injuries and 930 for injuries causing over-three-day absences. The combined overall injury rate for the soft drinks industry for 1996/97 was 1166. This may be compared to the average for all manufacturing industry of 1210.

Table 3 Analysis of injuries reported by the soft drinks industry 1995/97

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Kind of injury Handling

Relative importance 26% of all reported injuries* 16% of major injuries**

Significant factors Of those specified, 41% were due to weight, 27% due to sharp edges on the load, 15% due to the awkward nature of the load Of those specified, 40% were slips (mostly due to wet contamination), 20% tripping over obstructions, 11% from uneven floors/drains Of those specified, 42% were from articles falling and 6% from hand tools. Exploding glass bottles also figure in investigations Of those specified, 44% involved conveyors. Investigations indicate the rest are mostly packaging machines, particularly fillers, labelers, wrappers, palletizes and depolarizers Of those specified, 18% from stairs, 17% from vehicles, 15% from ladders, 14% from work platforms, 7% from plant. Often guards rails were defective or missing and large machinery had poor access Of those specified, 67% were against fixed objects and 15% against moveable objects 34% involved release of hazardous substances, 14% spillages from portable containers, 29% being splashed by hot or cold substances. In many cases appropriate PPE was not used and facial injuries occurred Of those specified, 71% involved fork-lift trucks, 9% non-powered trucks and 6% goods vehicles. Investigations suggest they are mostly due to poor visibility (eg reversing), driver inattention and poor pedestrian segregation

Slips and trips

23% of all reported injuries 30% of major injuries

Being struck by moving object (including injury from hand tools) Machinery

13% of all reported injuries 13% of major injuries 9% of all reported injuries 14% of major injuries

Falls from a height

8% of all reported injuries 7% of major injuries

Striking against objects Exposure to hazardous substances/hot objects

8% of all reported injuries 4% of major injuries 5% of all reported injuries 4% of major injuries

Transport

3% of all reported injuries 7% of major injuries

* All reported injuries include: fatalities, major and over - three - day absence injuries ** Major injuries include broken bones, hospitalization over 24 hours, eye injuries etc It is not possible to determine separate injury incidence rates for soft drinks production

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and distribution/delivery from official figures. However, industry information suggests that the incidence of injury for drinks distribution and delivery is about 1.5 times higher than that for production. Manual handling falls on and from vehicles, and slips/trips are the main causes of injury in drinks distribution. Manual handling and slips/trips are responsible for most of the excess incidence. Fatal accidents There have been six fatalities since 1989, giving the industry one of the highest fatal injury rates of the drinks industry. Five of the fatalities involved vehicles, three being crushed by goods vehicles and two in which drivers were struck by fork-lift trucks. The other resulted from a low fall. In addition to vehicle-related and fall from height injuries, potential for fatal injury also exists with confined spaces, from both toxic (carbon dioxide) and asphyxiant (nitrogen) atmospheres, falling objects and electrical plant. Continued care is needed to properly manage risks arising from these hazards. Safety checklist This checklist includes the most common situations that cause injuries, as well as a list of preventative measures: Handling (a) Avoid manually lifting, heavy or sharp objects, or awkward lifting and pulling movements where possible. (b) Eliminate manual handling of heavy plant during maintenance. (c) Ensure tools and aids are properly used. (d) Plan vehicle loading to minimize risks during loading and unloading. (e) Where it is not reasonably practicable to mechanize handling, assess the factors

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leading to the risk and take appropriate precautions, including training staff in correct handling techniques. Slips (a) Prevent spillage and leakage onto the floor (90% of slips occur on wet surfaces). (b) Take measures to contain unavoidable spillages (eg proper drainage), so that they do not contaminate walkways and adjacent areas. (c) Consider slip-resistance of floor and footwear. (d) Extra precautions will be required during adverse weather conditions (eg frost, ice or rain). Trips (a) Avoid obstructions in walkways and at workstations. (b) Avoid uneven floors. (c) Keep vehicle beds tidy and free from trip hazards (eg shrink-wrap and pallets). Being struck by falling and moving objects (a) Only use undamaged pallets and secure pallet loads with shrink-wrap. (b) Plan vehicle loads so that they remain stable in transit . (c) Use mechanical aids to prevent articles falling during maintenance.

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(d) Protect warehouse racking from damage and inspect regularly for signs of wear. Machinery (a) Check hazards and guarding, especially at palletisers, conveyors, bottling, canning and labelling machinery. (b) Train staff in correct intervention procedures, especially isolation of all forms of power. Falls (a) Identify where access is needed and arrange permanent, safe access on plant/buildings. (b) Check condition of and maintain stairs and ladders. (c) Devise safe procedures for access on and off vehicles. Striking against objects (a) Improve design, layout and housekeeping of working environment. (b) Use tools and personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimise cuts from broken glass.

Exposure to harmful substances (a) Minimise need for contact with chemicals by using cleaning-in-place systems, improving plant design etc.

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(b) Assess how substances can be safely used ensuring relevant PPE is worn when required. (c) Use formal systems of work for unavoidable entry into confined spaces. (d) Monitor conditions during entry into confined spaces and have rescue procedures in place. Transport (a) Segregate vehicles and pedestrians, particularly at interface between production lines, storage areas and vehicle loading. (b) Improve visibility and keep maneuvering space free of obstructions. (c) Prevent reversing where possible and, where required, ensure safe reversing procedures and reversing aids are used. (d) Train lift truck drivers and regularly assess their competence. Acknowledgements The assistance of the British Soft Drinks Association (BSDA) is gratefully acknowledged in drawing up this information sheet.

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3. Research Methodology In research special problems grow out of the need for concept precision and inventiveness. We design hypotheses using concepts. We devise measurement concepts by which to test these hypothetical statements. We gather data using these measurement concepts. The success of research hinges on

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(1). How clearly we conceptualize and (2). How clearly others understand our concept we use. The challenge is to develop concepts that others will clearly understand. 3.1. Sampling Design The basic idea for sampling is that by selecting some of the elements in a population, we may draw conclusions about the entire population. There are several compelling reasons for sampling, including 1. Lower cost 2. Greater accuracy of results 3. Greater speed of data collection and 4. Availability of population elements Population size: In PepsiCo India Holdings Private Limited, there are 6 managers, 23 executives, 49 associates and nearly 450 contract labors. Our study is on the Labors safety measures which could be conducted with the employees who are directly involved in the working environment, those who really aware of the risk factors involved. Therefore our population may have the 49 associates and 450 contract labors. Where as, here in PepsiCo the contract labors are non permanent work on the basis of yearly contracts, hence they will not be the suitable people to conduct the study. And so our target population comes with 49 associates. The size of target population is 49. Sample size: From the target population we have chosen 30 employees to conduct the study, which is nearly 60% of the target population. The samples chosen for the study are distributed among all the departments of the firm. This includes departments as Production, Shipping, Purchase, Maintenance, Stores, Quality control and Sales. Sampling method: We have chosen the Judgement sampling which is Purposive in nature as we decided to use the Non- probability sampling. As we have to conduct a study on labor problems, we may want to talk only with those who have experienced on the job discrimination.

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3.2. Research design Research design is the plan and structure of investigation so conceived as to obtain answers to research questions. The plan is the overall scheme or program of the research. It includes an outline of what the investigator will do from writing hypotheses and their operational implications to the final analysis of data. Design of the research process:

Develop Research Plan

Collect the information

Analysis the information

Present the findings

Make the decision

Fig 2: Overview of Research Design. This is the overview of the research design used for the project. 3.3. Data Collection The data collection instrument used to collect the data is a self administered questionnaire. A questionnaire is left to be completed by the respondent in a convenient location. The survey consists of 29 questions with, 4 open questions, 7 Dichotomous questions, 5 Multiple choice single response

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questions, 1 Multiple choice Multiple response questions, 12 Likert scale questions. And it consists of measurement scales as nominal, interval and ordinal. In PepsiCo India Holdings Pvt. Ltd., Madurai, where the study have been conducted the employees were provided with questionnaire in their break time at canteen. Once the respondents have completed answering the questionnaire, it is collected and stored for the future analyze. It took 4 days to collect 30 samples as the work of the employees are on shift basic, there are three shifts a day with 8 hours time for each respectively and we are allowed to conduct the survey only during the free time of the employees. The employees are very co-operative as they spend their break time in responding our questionnaire in spite of their tight schedule of work. 3.4. Data Analysis Data analysis is the most technical part involved in a project report. It summarizes the methods used to analyze the data and describes the data handling, preliminary analysis, statistical tests, computer programs, and other technical information. There are different types of representation of data as, Text Presentation Semi tabular Presentation Tabular Presentation and Graphics (charts) In this study we are going to use tabular and graphical representation of data as follows:

Question 1: Working experience of the employees

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Working experience 0 to 2 Number of samples In Percentage 4 13.33 3 to 6 5 16.67 7 to 10 6 20 above 10 15 50 total 30 100

Table 4: Working experience of the employees

w orking experience of w orkers

16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 to 2 3 to 6 7 to 10 above 10 Number of samples

Experience in years

Chart 1: working experience of workers. Inference: In PepsiCo India holdings, nearly 50%of the employees are working above 10 years, therefore most of their workers are well experienced. And only 13% of workers are working less than 3 years.

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Experience is a most important factor in reducing the risks of accidents. Question 2: Income level of the employees
Below 7000 Number of respondents In Percentage 7 23.33 19 63.34 3 10 1 3.33 30 100 700013000 1400020000 Above 20000 Total

Table 5: Income level of the employees

Income level
120 Number of respondents( In percentage) 100 80 60 40 20 23.33 0 1 2 3 3.33 10

Salary (in Rs)

63.33

Above 20000 14000 - 20000 7000 - 13000 Below 7000

Chart 2: Income level of the workers Inference: Most of the employees nearly 63% are getting salary at the range of Rs. 7000 13000. And nearly 23% of employees are getting below Rs. 7000. Whereas, about 77% of employees are getting salary above Rs. 7000 and 14% are getting salary above Rs. 14000

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Question 3: Satisfaction of the employees with their working environment

Highly satisfied Number of respondents In Percentage 4 13.33 Satisfied 16 53.33 Neutral 7 23.33 Dissatisfied 3 10 Highly dissatisfied 0 0 Total 30 100

Table 6: Satisfaction of the employees with their working environment

Satisfaction level on working environment

10% 23%

0%

13%

Highly satisfied Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

54%

Highly dissatisfied

Chart 3: Satisfaction level of the employees on their working environment Inference: From the above chart we could get that nearly 67% of the employees are satisfied with their working environment and 13% of them are highly satisfied. And about 10% of the workers are dissatisfied with their working environment among which 23% are not willing to share their views. This shows there is a need of improving the working place of the employees. 34

Question 4: Workers attended the training program arranged by the management

Yes Number of respondents In Percentage 23 76.66 7 23.33 30 100 No Total

Table 7: Workers attended the training program arranged by the management

Workers attended the training program arranged by the management
76.66

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Yes 23

Number of respondents 23.33 7 In Percentage

No

Chart 4: Number of workers attended the training program Inference: Among the 30 respondents 23 of them have attended the training programs conducted by the management (i.e.,) nearly 77% of them. Where as, 23% of the employees have not attended the training program. Training is the important process to avoid accidents; still 23% is a considerable number of employees. Therefore the training program should be made as a compulsory course of

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action. Question 5: Opinion on safety measures handled in the work place

Highly satisfied Number of respondents In Percentage 3 10 20 66.66 5 16.66 2 6.66 0 0 30 100 Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied Total

Table 8: Opinion on safety measures handled in the work place

Opinion on handling of safety measures by the organisation

7% 17%

0%

10%

Highly satisfied Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied

66%

Chart 5: Opinion on handling safety measures Inference: About the handling of safety measures in the organization, nearly 10% of them are highly satisfied and 66% are satisfied with the performance of the management. Where as, 7% of they are dissatisfied to some extent. In which nearly, 17% of workers are not willing to give their suggestion.

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Question 6: Satisfaction on the placement of the warning panels regarding safety in the firm
Highly satisfied Number of respondents In Percentage 5 16.66 15 50 6 20 4 13.33 0 0 30 100 Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied Total

Table 9: Satisfaction on the placement of the warning panels regarding safety in the firm
Opinion on placem ent of w arning panels 50 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Number of respondents In Percentage 5 15 6 4 0 0 16.66 20 13.33 Highly satisfied Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied

Chart 6: Opinion on placement of warning panels Inference: Among the 30 respondents nearly 67% of them are satisfied with the placement of the safety panels and the safety signs within the organization. Where as, 13% are still not satisfied with the approach of the organization.

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Question 7: Safety materials provided by the management to the workers

Safety Material Gloves Shoes Mask Goggles Apron Yes 22 26 19 13 21 No 8 4 11 17 9 Total 30 30 30 30 30

Table 10: Safety materials provided by the management to the workers

Safety materials provided to the workers
30 Number of respondents 25 20 15 10 5 0 Gloves Shoes Mask Goggles Apron Safety m aterials Yes No

Chart 7: Safety materials provided to the workers Inference: From the above chart plotted from the obtained data we could get that most of the workers are not provided with goggles, mask and apron. Issuing of safety materials and efficient usage of the materials is vital in order to have a

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safe and secured work place.

Question 8: Opinion on the flexibility of the management in adjusting work assignments according to employee safety considerations
Strongly agree Number of respondents In Percentage 4 13.33 Strongly Disagree 0 0

Agree 20 66.66

Neutral 4 13.33

Disagree 2 6.66

Total 30 100

Table 11: Opinion on the flexibility of the management

Opinion on the flexibility of the management
100 90 80 70 60 66.66 50 40 30 20 10 13.33 20 13.33 4 0 4
ag re e Ag re e

In Percentage Number of repondents

6.66 2

Chart 8: Flexibility of the management towards employee safety considerations Inference: Most of the employees nearly 80% are agreeing that the management is flexible in adjusting their work schedule when they are sick or met with an accident. And only 7% of employees are not agreed with the managements approach.

N eu tra l D is St ag ro re ng e ly D is ag re e

St ro ng ly

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Question 9: Opinion on the explanations given by the management on the health and safety rules of the organization
Strongly agree Number of responses In Percentage 5 16.66 19 63.33 4 13.33 2 6.66 0 0 30 100 Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree Total

Table 12: Opinion on the awareness of the safety rules among the employees
Opinion on the aw areness of safety rules am ong w orkers

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Strongly Agree Neutral DisagreeStrongly agree Disagree Number of respondents In Percentage

Chart 9: Opinion on the awareness of the safety rules Inference: Nearly 80% of the workers are sure that the safety rules of the management are wellknown to them. And about 7% of the workers are not aware of the safety rules prevailing in the organization, whereas 13% of them are neutral in their opinion. 40

Question 10: Whether the workplace accidents are not reported properly
Strongly agree Number of respondents In Percentage 1 3.33 7 23.33 6 20 14 46.66 2 6.66 30 100 Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree Total

Table 13: Opinion on carelessness in working environment

Opinion on carelessness in working environment

7%

3%

23%

Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree

47% 20%

Chart 10: Opinion on carelessness in working environment Inference: Nearly 54% of the employees strictly deny that they have never missed in reporting any of the accidents happened. And about, 26% of the workers are agreeing that they have missed few of their accidents without reporting.

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Question 11: Satisfaction of the employees on the healthy and safety training program offered by the organization
Highly satisfied Number of respondents In Percentage 2 6.66 21 70 3 10 4 13.33 0 0 30 100 Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Highly Dissatisfied Total

Table 14: Satisfaction of the employees on the health and safety training program
Satisfaction level on the safety training program s provided by the m anagem ent Highly Dissatisfied Dissatisfied Neutral Satisfied 6.66 2 0 20 40 60 In Percentage 80 100 Number of respondents Highly satisfied

Chart 11: Satisfaction on the health and safety training programs Inference: Among the respondents, 77% of them are satisfied with the health and safety program organized by the organization. Where as, 10% are neutral in their opinion and nearly 13% are dissatisfied with the number and way of safety programs organized by the organization. 42

0 13.33 10 21 70 4 3

Question 12: Responsibility of the workers towards their co-workers

Inform the Direct report Number of respondents In Percentage 24 80 6 20 0 0 30 100 officials Take no care Total

Table 15: Responsibility of the workers towards their co-workers

Responsibility among the employees

Inform the officials 20%

Take no care 0% Direct report 80%

Direct report Inform the officials Take no care

Chart 12: Responsibility among the employees Inference: From the above chart we could get that nearly 80% of the employees would do direct actions when their co-worker is doing any work that is unsafe or insecure. And 20% will go to their higher officials in reporting the incident. But none of the employee will be there without any response when such incidents occur.

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Though taking direct actions show the involvement of all the employees it is not safe for them to ending up without reporting the incident to their higher officials. Question 13: Does the employee aware about whom he has to contact in the absence of his supervisor incase of any safety disorders.
Yes Number of respondents In Percentage 30 100 0 0 30 100 No Total

Table 16: Communication between the workers and the management

Com m unication betw een the w orkers and the m anagem ent

No

0 100 30 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Number of respondents In Percentage

Yes

Chart 13: Communication between the workers and the management. Inference:

It is really a pleasure to know that all the employees of 100% are known about the person to contact on any of their illness. This shows there is a good communication between the workers and the management.

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Question 14: Opinion on the first aid facilities given by the organization in case of any accident.
Highly Satisfied Number of respondents In Percentage 2 6.67 19 63.33 5 16.67 4 13.33 0 0 30 100 Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Highly Dissatisfied Total

Table 17: Opinion on the first aid facilities given by the organization in case of any accident.
Satisfaction level on the first aid facilities provided by the management
Highly Dissatisfied Dissatisfied

0 0 4 5 13.33 16.67 63.33

In Percentage Number of respondents

Neutral

Satisfied Highly Satisfied

19 2 6.67

Chart 14: Satisfaction on the first aid facilities Inference: From the above chart we could get that about 70% of the employees are satisfied with the first aid facilities provided by the management incase of any accident. However, nearly 13% of the workers are not satisfied and 17% are neutral in their

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opinion. Question 15: Do the rewards and positive feedbacks are a good way to increase health and safety awareness levels.
Strongly agree Number of respondents In Percentage 5 16.67 19 63.33 3 10 3 10 0 0 30 100 Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree Total

Table 18: Opinion on giving and positive feedbacks to improve safety awareness
Opinion on giving rewards to increase Health and safety awareness

10%

10%

0%

17%

Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree

63%

Chart 15: Opinion on giving and positive feedbacks to improve safety awareness Inference: Among the 30 respondents nearly, 80% of the workers are agreed that the positive feedbacks and rewards given by the management will increase the awareness of safety issues among the workers. But 10% of the employees are not sure about the importance of the rewards and positive 46

feedbacks will have a significant role in increasing the awareness of safety among workers. Question 16: Do the employee aware the steps to be taken incase of an emergency.
Yes Number of respondents In Percentage 25 83.33 5 16.67 30 100 No Total

Table 19: Awareness of employees in case of an emergency

Awareness on steps to be taken in case of an emergency

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Yes No 5 25 16.67 Number of respondents In Percentage 83.33

Chart 16: Awareness regarding emergency issues Inference: It is really great to know that nearly 83% of the employees are well-known about the steps to be taken in case of an emergency. But it is still hard that 17% are not aware of what to be done when they are in emergency.

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Question 17: Importance of reviewing and revising the Safety Operating Procedures for using the equipments
Strongly agree Number of respondents In Percentage 4 13.33 18 60 6 20 2 6.67 0 0 30 100 Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree Total

Table 20: Importance of reviewing and revising the Safety Operating Procedures
Opinion on importance in revising Safety Operating Procedures
Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree 0 0 0 2 6.67 20 60 In Percentage Number of respondents 18 4 13.33 20 40 60 80

Chart 17: Opinion on the importance of the Safety Operating Procedures. Inference: Nearly 73% of the workers agree that their procedures of operating equipments in the firm are reviewed and revised according to the necessary. However, 7% of the workers are not agreed the statement and nearly 20% are neutral in 48

their opinion. Question 18: Do the health and safety inspections of the work area are conducted at regular intervals.
Strongly agree Number of respondents In Percentage 3 10 15 50 5 16.67 7 23.33 0 0 30 100 Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree Total

Table 21: Opinion on health and safety inspections

Opinion on health and safety inspections conducted by the management
50 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 3
Strongly agree A gree

Number of respondents 23.33 15 10 5 16.67 7 0 0

Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree

In Percentage

Chart 18: Opinion on health and safety inspections conducted by the management Inference: Among the respondents 60% of them agree that their management is conducting the inspection in their department at regular intervals. Whereas, 23% of workers are still not satisfied with the performance of the management in conducting the inspection and 17% of workers are neutral. 49

Question 20: Do all the new employees are properly trained o health and safety rules and work practices.
Strongly Agree Number of respondents In Percentage 2 6.67 21 70 3 10 4 13.33 0 0 30 100 Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree Total

Table 22: Opinion on training given to the new employees

Opinion on safety training given to the new employees by the management

13% 0%7% Srongly Agree 10% Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree 70%

Chart 19: Opinion on safety training given to the new employees Inference: Nearly 77% of the workers agree that the new employees coming in to the organization are given complete training regarding safety measurements handled in the organization. Where as, 13% are still not contented with the training given to workers new to the organization.

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Question 22: Employees those who met with accidents in their work place
Yes Number of respondents In Percentage 5 16.67 25 83.33 30 100 No Total

Table 23: Employees those who met with accidents in their work place
Workers met with accident in their work place

Yes 17%

Yes No

No 83%

Chart 20: Workers met with accidents in their work place Inference: Among the workers responded to the survey, nearly 83% of them have never been met with an accident in their experience. Where as, 17% of them have met with accidents and are completely satisfied with the treatment given by the management in that situation.

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Question 23: The department which has more number of accidents taking place
Production Number of respondents In Percentage 17 56.67 13 43.33 30 100 Shipping Total

Table 24: The department which has more number of accidents taking place
Departm ents in w hich m ore num ber of accidents are taking place 56.67 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Production Shipping Departments 17 13 Number of respondents In Percentage 43.33

Chart 21: Department with more number of accidents. Inference: Though there are 11 functional departments in PepsiCo India Holdings Pvt. Ltd., Madurai, the workers have suggested only 2 departments as the places with more number of accidents taking place. Production and Shipping are the departments for which nearly 57% and 43% of workers are responded as work places with more risk of accidents.

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Statistical tests on the obtained data to check their validity.

Income level Below 7000 7000-13000 14000-20000 Above 20000 Total f 7 19 3 1 30 m 3000 10000 17000 24000 fm 21000 190000 51000 24000 286000 d -0.93 0.07 1.07 2.07 d*d 0.86 0.005 1.14 4.28 fd -6.51 1.33 3.21 2.07 0.1 f(d*d) 6.02 0.095 3.42 4.28 13.815

1. Analysis on the income level of the employees. Table 25: Standard deviation on income level of employees

Mean = 28600/30 = 9533.33 Assumed mean = 9500 Standard Deviation = ((13.815/30)-(0.1/30)^2) ^ * 7000 = 0.68* 7000 = 4760 Co-efficient of variation = 4790/9533.33 = 0.49 Inference: From the analysis made we could get that there is a considerable amount of variation in the distribution of the salary as the variation co-efficient is 49%.

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2. Satisfaction level of the workers on the working environment Weights are allotted as Highly satisfied = 5, Satisfied = 4, Neutral = 3, Dissatisfied = 2, Highly Dissatisfied =1.
W 5 4 3 2 1 X 4 16 7 3 0 WX 20 64 21 6 1

Table 26: Weighted average on the satisfaction level of the working environment. W = 15 WX = 112 Standard deviation = 6.12 Mean = 7.47 Co-efficient of Variation = 0.82 Inference: There is a high degree of Co efficient of variation of 82%. Therefore, the views of the employees regarding the working environment highly differ.

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3. Null hypothesis: Workers attended the training program dont know how to react in an emergency situation. Alternate hypothesis: Workers attended the training program know the steps to be taken in case of an emergency.

Attending the training Know yes no Total to react in yes 22 1 23 no 3 4 7 emergency

Total

25 5 30

Table 27: Data collected on training of employees in emergency situation.

o 22 1 3 4

e 19 4 6 1

o-e 3 -3 -3 3

s=(o-e*o-e) 9 9 9 9

s/e 0.5 2.3 1.5 9.0

Table 28: Chi-square test on employees training in emergency situation. Total (s/e) = 13.2

cal = 13.2
Degree of freedom = (r 1)*(c-1) = (2-1)*(2-1) = 1.

tab = 3.84
Inference: Since the calculated Chi value is greater than the tabulated Chi value, we reject the null hypothesis and therefore the alternate hypothesis Workers attended the

55

training program know the steps to be taken in case of an emergency is accepted. 4. Null hypothesis: The people will have accidents if they didnt attend the training programs given by the management. Alternate hypothesis: The people will have any accidents if they attend the training programs given by the management.

Workers attended training Workers met with accidents Yes No Total Yes 3 20 23 No 2 5 7 Total 5 25 30

Table 29: Data collected on attendance of employees and workers met with accidents.
o 3 20 2 5 e 3.83 19.17 1.17 5.83 o-e -0.83 0.83 0.83 -0.83 s=(o-e*o-e) 0.6889 0.6889 0.6889 0.6889 s/e 0.18 0.04 0.59 0.12

Table 30: Chi-square test on the level of accidents in the firm. Total (s/e) = 0.92

cal = 0.92
Degree of freedom = (r 1)*(c-1) = (2-1)*(2-1) = 1.

tab = 3.84
Inference: Since the calculated Chi value is lesser than the tabulated Chi value, we accept the null hypothesis The people will have accidents if they didnt attend the training programs given by the management

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5. Null hypothesis: The workers though report their own problems to the management are not willing to report the mistakes done by their co-workers to their higher officials. Alternate hypothesis: The workers though report their own problems to the management are willing to report the mistakes done by their co-workers to their higher officials.

Responsibility on co - workers Reporting officials Yes No Total to higher A 22 2 24 B 5 1 6 C 0 0 0 Total 27 3 30

Table 31: Data on responsibility of workers in reporting problems to their superiors.

o 22 2 5 1 0 0 e 21.6 2.4 5.4 0.6 0 0 o-e 0.4 -0.4 -0.4 0.4 0 0 s=(o-e*o-e) 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0 0 s/e 0.01 0.07 0.03 0.27 0 0

Table 32: Chi square test on reporting issues from their co-workers. Total (s/e) = 0.37

cal = 0.37

tab = 5.99
= (2-1)*(3-1) = 2.

Degree of freedom = (r 1)*(c-1) Inference: Since the calculated Chi value is lesser than the tabulated Chi value, we accept the null hypothesis The workers though report their own problems to the management are not willing to report the mistakes done by their co-workers to their higher officials. 57

6. We use Spearmans rank correlation to find the degree of relationship between the health and safety inspections conducted by the management and their revision of Safety Operating Procedures in respect of it. X= Health and safety inspection Y= Revision of Safety Operating Procedures.

X 4 18 6 2 0

Y 3 15 5 7 0

R1 3 1 2 4 5

R2 4 1 3 2 5

D 1 0 1 2 0

D*D 1 0 1 4 0

Table 33: Spearmans rank correlation on revision of SOP by inspections. D^2= 6 R = 1- (6*D^2/n(n^2 1)) R= 1-(6*6/5*24) R= 1-(36/120) R= 1- 0.3 R= 0.7 Therefore, R > 0.5. Its a positive correlation. Inference: There is a high degree of relationship between the health and safety inspections conducted by the management and their revision of Safety Operating Procedures in respect of it.

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7. It is an important role of the organization to provide the safety training program that satisfies their workers in all aspects to avoid risk of accidents. Here, we are going to find the degree of relationship between the training provided by the organization and the satisfaction level of the employees. X= Training provided by the management Y= Satisfaction level of the workers.

X 5 19 4 2 0

Y 2 21 3 4 0

R1 2 1 3 4 5

R2 4 1 3 2 5

D 2 0 0 2 0

D*D 4 0 0 4 0

Table 34: Spearmans rank correlation on satisfaction of employees on their training. D^2= 8 R = 1- (6*D^2/n(n^2 1)) R= 1-(6*8/5*24) R= 1-(48/120) R= 1- 0.4 R= 0.6, and therefore R > 0.5. Inference: There is a positive correlation between the training provided by the organization and the satisfaction level of the employees.

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3.5. Limitations In this study, we have got two limitations which are purely based on the situation. 1. The target population we chose for conducting the study is the associates, though the population that will be more apt is contract labors who are in the low-level management. Since the contract labors are contracted on yearly basis, the management asked us to conduct the survey only from the associates who were the supervisors of the contract labors and therefore we could not collect more number of samples since there are only 49 associates in the organization. 2. The study is conducted during the month of May and June which are season for the soft drink industry and all the workers of the firm are associated with tight schedule of work and therefore we were not able to get more time to interact with the workers.

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4. Findings Findings are the facts that are obtained from the study conducted. We have obtained the following as our findings in the study: 1. In PepsiCo India holdings, nearly 50%of the employees are working above 10 years, therefore most of their workers are well experienced. 2. Most of the employees nearly 63% are getting salary at the range of Rs. 7000 13000. 3. And nearly 23% of employees are getting below Rs. 7000. 4. Whereas, about 77% of employees are getting salary above Rs. 7000 and 14% are getting salary above Rs. 14000 5. Nearly 67% of the employees are satisfied with their working environment and 13% of them are highly satisfied. 6. About 10% of the workers are dissatisfied with their working environment among which 23% are not willing to share their views. 7. Among the 30 respondents 23 of them have attended the training programs conducted by the management (i.e.,) nearly 77% of them. 8. 23% of the employees have not attended the training program. 9. About the handling of safety measures in the organization, nearly 10% of them are highly satisfied and 66% are satisfied with the performance of the management. 10. 7% of they are dissatisfied to some extent on the handling of safety measures in the organization 11. Among the 30 respondents nearly 67% of them are satisfied with the placement of the safety panels and the safety signs within the organization. 12. 13% are still not satisfied with the approach of the organization in the placement of the safety panels and the safety signs. 13. Most of the employees nearly 80% are agreeing that the management is flexible in adjusting their work schedule when they are sick or met with an accident. 14. Nearly 80% of the workers are sure that the safety rules of the management are well-known to them.

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15. About 7% of the workers are not aware of the safety rules prevailing in the organization, whereas 13% of them are neutral in their opinion 16. Nearly 54% of the employees strictly deny that they have never missed in reporting any of the accidents happened. 17. 26% of the workers are agreeing that they have missed few of their accidents without reporting. 18. Among the respondents, 77% of them are satisfied with the health and safety program organized by the organization. 19. Nearly 13% are dissatisfied with the number and way of safety programs organized by the organization. 20. Nearly 80% of the employees would do direct actions when their co-worker is doing any work that is unsafe or insecure 21. 20% will go to their higher officials in reporting the incident done by their coworkers 22. It is really a pleasure to know that all the employees of 100% are known about the person to contact on any of their illness 23. About 70% of the employees are satisfied with the first aid facilities provided by the management incase of any accident. 24. Nearly 13% of the workers are not satisfied with the first aid facilities in their firm and 17% are neutral in their opinion. 25. Among the 30 respondents nearly, 80% of the workers are agreed that the positive feedbacks and rewards given by the management will increase the awareness of safety issues among the workers. 26. But 10% of the employees are not sure about the importance of the rewards and positive feedbacks will have a significant role in increasing the awareness of safety among workers. 27. It is really great to know that nearly 83% of the employees are well-known about the steps to be taken in case of an emergency. 28. 17% of workers are not aware of what to be done when they are in emergency. 29. Among the respondents 60% of them agree that their management is conducting the inspection in their department at regular intervals.

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30. 23% of workers are still not satisfied with the performance of the management in conducting the inspection and 17% of workers are neutral 31. Nearly 77% of the workers agree that the new employees coming in to the organization are given complete training regarding safety measurements handled in the organization. 32. 13% are still not contented with the training given to workers new to the organization. 33. Among the workers responded to the survey, nearly 83% of them have never been met with an accident in their experience 34. 17% of them have met with accidents and are completely satisfied with the treatment given by the management in that situation. 35. Though there are 11 functional departments in PepsiCo India Holdings Pvt. Ltd., Madurai, the workers have suggested only 2 departments as the places with more number of accidents taking place. 36. Production and Shipping are the departments for which nearly 57% and 43% of workers are responded as work places with more risk of accidents. 37. There is a considerable amount of variation in the distribution of the salary as the variation co-efficient is 49%. 38. There is a high degree of Co efficient of variation of 82%. Therefore, the views of the employees regarding the working environment highly differ. 39. Workers attended the training program know the steps to be taken in case of an emergency 40. The people will have accidents if they didnt attend the training programs given by the management 41. The workers though report their own problems to the management are not willing to report the mistakes done by their co-workers to their higher officials 42. There is a high degree of relationship between the health and safety inspections conducted by the management and their revision of Safety Operating Procedures in respect of it 43. There is a positive correlation between the training provided by the organization and the satisfaction level of the employees.

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