1

CellStructureandFunctions

MultipleChoice
Identifythechoicethatbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion.

____ 1. Theinventionofthemicroscopemadeitpossibleforpeopletodiscover
a. plants.
b. skin.
c. animals.
d. cells.
____ 2. Whichofthefollowingstatementsispartofthecelltheory?
a. Onlyplantsarecomposedofcells.
b. Allcellsareproducedfromothercells.
c. Cellscanbeproducedfromnonlivingmatter.
d. Cellsareoneofseveralbasicunitsofstructureandfunctioninlivingthings.
____ 3. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTpartofthecelltheory?
a. Cellsarethebasicunitofstructureandfunctioninlivingthings.
b. Allcellsareproducedfromothercells.
c. Onlyanimalsarecomposedofcells.
d. Alllivingthingsarecomposedofcells.
____ 4. Cellsinmulticellularorganisms
a. alllookthesame.
b. allhavethesamestructure.
c. areoftenquitedifferentfromeachother.
d. arethesamesizeineverypartoftheorganism.
____ 5. Whatisthefunctionofacellwall?
a. toprotectandsupportthecell
b. toperformdifferentfunctionsineachcell
c. topreventwaterfrompassingthroughit
d. topreventoxygenfromenteringthecell
____ 6. Whatisthefunctionofacellmembrane?
a. tosupportthecell
b. toperformdifferentfunctionsineachcell
c. tocontrolwhatentersandleavesthecell
d. toformahardoutercoveringforthecell
____ 7. Whichorganelleisthecontrolcenterofacell?
a. mitochondrion
b. ribosome
c. nucleus
d. chloroplast
____ 8. Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefunctionofmitochondria?
a. Theyconvertenergyfromfoodmoleculesintoenergythecellcanuse.

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b. Theystoreenergyfromfoodmolecules.
c. Theystoreenergyfromsunlight.
d. Theyproducenucleicacidsthatreleaseenergy.
____ 9. Whichorganellesstorefoodandothermaterialsneededbythecell?
a. mitochondria
b. chloroplasts
c. ribosomes
d. vacuoles
____ 10. Whichorganellesreleasechemicalsthatbreakdownlargefoodparticlesintosmaller
ones?
a. endoplasmicreticulum
b. Golgibodies
c. lysosomes
d. vacuoles
____ 11. Whichstructuresfoundinplantcellsarealsofoundinanimalcells?
a. endoplasmicreticulumandcellwall
b. Golgibodiesandchloroplasts
c. chloroplastsandlysosomes
d. ribosomesandcellmembrane
____ 12. Whentwoormoreelementscombinechemically,theyforma(n)
a. lipid.
b. atom.
c. element.
d. compound.
____ 13. Whyiswaterimportantforacell?
a. WateristhemainingredientinDNA.
b. Allproteinsaremadeofwater.
c. Mostchemicalreactionsincellsrequirewater.
d. Waterisanessentialorganiccompoundforthebody.
____ 14. Allorganiccompoundscontaintheelement
a. water.
b. oxygen.
c. carbon.
d. nitrogen.
____ 15. Enzymesareimportantbecausethey
a. containwater.
b. speedupchemicalreactions.
c. containgeneticmaterial.
d. helpthecellmaintainitsshape.
____ 16. Sugarmoleculescancombinewithoneanothertoformlargemoleculescalled
a. proteins.
b. starches.
c. enzymes.

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d. lipids.
____ 17. Whichtermreferstothemovementofmoleculesfromanareaofhigherconcentrationto
anareaoflowerconcentration?
a. collision
b. diffusion
c. activetransport
d. concentration
____ 18. Whichtermreferstothediffusionofwatermoleculesthroughaselectivelypermeable
membrane?
a. osmosis
b. engulfing
c. activetransport
d. passivetransport
____ 19. Whichtermreferstothemovementofmaterialsthroughacellmembranewithoutusing
thecellsenergy?
a. concentration
b. collision
c. activetransport
d. passivetransport
____ 20. Theinventionofthelightmicroscopedifferedfromearliermicroscopesasit
a. didnotuseanoillampforlighting.
b. usedmorethanonelens.
c. focusedlightupthroughaspecimen.
d. featuredatubewithaneyepiece.
____ 21. Thoughcellsinlivingthingsareputtogetherinmanywaystoformdifferentstructures,
allcells
a. areidenticalinsize.
b. carryouttheexactsamefunction.
c. carryoutsimilarlifeprocesses.
d. workwithonlyoneothertypeofcell.
____ 22. Acell,tissue,andorganareallrelatedtoanorgansysteminthateach
a. ispartofaunicellularorganism.
b. ismadeofmanyorgansystems.
c. hasthesamefunction.
d. isapartofanorgansystem.
____ 23. Inmulticellularorganisms,cellsareorganizedinto
a. tissues,whichmakeuporgans,whichmakeuporgansystems.
b. organs,whichmakeuptissues,whichmakeuporgansystems.
c. organsystems,whichmakeuptissues.
d. organs,whichmakeuporgansystems.
____ 24. Dependingonthecell,onethingacellwallandcellmembranemayhaveincommonis
a. eithermayseparateacellfromitsenvironment.
b. botharepresentinallcells.

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c. neithercanpreventharmfulmaterialsfromenteringthecell.
d. onecannotexistwithouttheother.
____ 25. Theflattenedshapeofaredbloodcellisanexampleof
a. cellmitochondriadeterminingfoodproduction.
b. complementarycellstructureandfunction.
c. lysosomesbreakingdowndeadmaterialandshapingthecell.
d. lackoxygeninthecell.
____ 26. Elementsarerelatedtocompoundsinthat
a. neitherhasatoms.
b. compoundsaremadeupofelements.
c. botharefoundonlyinlivingorganisms.
d. elementsaremadeupofcompounds.
____ 27. Ifacellhaslostagreatdealofwater,youmightexpectitstemperature
a. tostaythesame.
b. tobesubjecttorapidchange.
c. tosteadilydecreaseovertime.
d. tobeunaffected.
____ 28. Osmosisanddiffusionarerelatedinthat
a. botharemethodstostopmovementofmoleculesacrossacellmembrane.
b. osmosisisthemovementofwateracrossthecellmembranebydiffusion.
c. bothinvolvethemovementoflargemoleculesacrossthecellmembrane.
d. bothprocessesonlyworkinredbloodcells.
____ 29. Movementacrossacellmembranethatrequiresenergyiscalled
a. activetransport.
b. passivetransport.
c. engulfing.
d. absorption.
____ 30. Ifacellsnucleuslackedchromatin,thenucleuswould
a. beunabletoreceivematerialsthroughthenuclearenvelope.
b. loseallitsgeneticinformationanditsabilitytodirectthecellsactivities.
c. reproduceatmorethantwicethenormalrate.
d. beunabletoconvertenergyinfoodmolecules.

ModifiedTrue/False
Indicatewhetherthestatementistrueorfalse.Iffalse,changetheidentifiedwordorphrasetomake
thestatementtrue.

____ 31. Youcantseethecellsinyourbodybecausemostofthemareverysmall.

_________________________
____ 32. Amicroscopeisaninstrumentthatmakesdistantobjectslooklarger.
_________________________

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____ 33. Thecelltheorystatesthatcellsareproducedfromnonlivingcells.

_________________________
____ 34. Organellesthatuseenergyfromsunlighttoproducefoodarecalledmitochondria.
_________________________
____ 35. Sincecarboncannotbebrokendownintosimplersubstances,itisanexampleofa(n)
compound._________________________
____ 36. Inpassivetransport,materialsmovefromanareaofhigherconcentrationtoanareaof
lowerconcentrationthroughacellmembrane._________________________
____ 37. Thecompoundcarbondioxideiscomposedoftwohydrogenatomsandoneoxygen
atom._________________________
____ 38. Carbohydratesandlipidsservesimilarfunctionsinthattheyareasourceofcellulosefor
thecell._________________________
____ 39. Plantsandbacteriacontaintissues,organs,andorgansystemscomprisedofcells.
_______________________
____ 40. Proteinhelpsbreakdownchemicalsneededbycells,maintainsthesizeandshapeof
cells,andregulatescelltemperature.____________________

Completion
Completeeachstatement.

41. AmicroscopeallowedHooketoseetinyrectangularrooms,whichhecalled
____________________.
42. Cellsarethebasicunitsofstructureand____________________inlivingthings.
43. Accordingtothecelltheory,allorganismsaremadeof____________________.
44. Thenucleusofacellhasthinstrandsof____________________thatcontaingenetic
material.
45. Smallgrainlikebodiescalled____________________produceproteinsinsidecells.
46. Organellesknownas____________________containchemicalsthatbreakdownfood
particlesandoldcellparts.
47. Astructurefoundinplantcellsbutnotinanimalcellsisthecell
____________________.
48. Whentwoormoreelementscombinechemically,theyforma(n)
____________________.
49. Sugarsandstarchesareexamplesoforganiccompoundsknownas
____________________.

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50. DNAandRNAbelongtothegroupoforganiccompoundsknownas
____________________.
51. Smallmoleculescalled____________________makeupproteins.
52. Oxygenmoleculesmoveacrosscellmembranesthroughaprocesscalled
____________________.
53. Thediffusionof____________________moleculesthroughaselectivelypermeable
membraneiscalledosmosis.
54. Unlikepassivetransport,activetransportrequiresthecelltouseitsown
____________________.
55. Yourheartismadeupofmanygroupsoftissuesthatareworkingtogether,therefore,itis
considereda(n)____________________.
56. Energyfromsunlightcapturedby________________________inplantcellsenable
plantstoconvertenergyintofood.
57. Acellwithalowconcentrationofoxygenwilllikelygainoxygenmoleculesfromanarea
withahigheroxygenconcentrationthroughtheprocessof____________________.
58. Justasmulticellularorganismshaveorganstohelptheirbodiescarryoutfunctions,an
individualcellhas___________________.
59. Inanenvironmentwithoutadequate________________,osmosiswouldceasetooccur
andmanycellfunctionswouldstop.

ShortAnswer

Usethediagramtoanswereachquestion.

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60. Nametwostructuresthatarenotfoundinthecellshownherebutthatarefoundinplant
cells.
61. StructureAisaGolgibody.Describeitsfunction.
62. IdentifythestructureslabeledBanddescribetheirfunction.
63. IdentifystructureCanddescribeitsfunction.
64. IdentifythelargeroundstructurelabeledDanddescribeitsfunction.
65. Isthecellshownaplantcell?Explainyourreasoning.

Usethediagramtoanswereachquestion.

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66. ExplainwhatwouldhappenifsomeoftheredbloodcellswereplacedinbeakerA.

67. ExplainwhatwouldhappenifsomeoftheredbloodcellswereplacedinbeakerB.
68. Inthehumanbody,bloodcellsfloatinawateryliquidcalledplasma.Explainwhat
wouldhappenifsomeoftheredbloodcellswereplacedinbeakerC.
69. Supposethetesttubecontainedplantcellsinsteadofredbloodcells.Whatwould
probablyhappentothecellsiftheywereplacedinbeakerA?
70. Ifthetesttubecontainedplantcells,whatwouldprobablyhappentothecellsiftheywere
placedinbeakerB?
71. Manysinglecelledorganismsthatliveinfreshwaterhavecontractilevacuoles,which
removeexcesswaterfromtheircytoplasm.Whydoestheenvironmentinwhichthese
organismslivemakecontractilevacuolesimportant?

Essay

72. Usethethreepointsofthecelltheorytoexplainhowhumansandbacteriaaresimilar.
73. Howisacellmembranelikeawindowscreen?
74. Describethefunctionsofthenuclearenvelope,chromatin,andnucleolus.

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75. Contrastmitochondriaandchloroplasts.
76. Youarelookingattheinsideofacell.Explainhowyoucantellwhetherthecellis
animalorplant.
77. Statethefunctionofeachofthefollowing:DNA,enzyme,fat,sugar.Classifyeachof
themintothegroupoforganiccompoundstowhichtheybelong.
78. Raisingthetemperatureofasubstancecausesitsmoleculestomovefaster.Explainwhy
raisingthetemperatureofaliquidwouldspeedupdiffusion.
79. Describethetwomethodsofactivetransport.

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CellStructureandFunctions
AnswerSection

MULTIPLECHOICE

1. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1

OBJ: CaLS.3.1.2Explainhowtheinventionofthemicroscopecontributedtoscientists'
understandingoflivingthings. STA: S7.1 BLM: knowledge
2. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.1.3Statethecelltheory. STA: S7.1 BLM: knowledge
3. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.1.3Statethecelltheory. STA: S7.1 BLM: comprehension
4. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.1.4Explainhowthecellsofmulticellularorganismsarerelated.
STA: S7.1 BLM: comprehension
5. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.1Identifytheroleofthecellwallandthecellmembraneinthecell.
STA: S7.1.b BLM: knowledge
6. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.b BLM: knowledge
7. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.2Identifytheroleofthenucleusinthecell. STA: S7.1.c
BLM: knowledge
8. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.d BLM: knowledge
9. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.b BLM: knowledge
10. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.b BLM: knowledge
11. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.4Describehowcellsdiffer. STA: S7.1.b
BLM: comprehension
12. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.3.1Defineelementsandcompounds. BLM: knowledge
13. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.3.2Explainhowwaterisimportanttothefunctionofcells.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: knowledge
14. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1

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OBJ: CaLS.3.3.3Identifythefunctionsofcarbohydrates,lipids,proteins,andnucleic
acids.
BLM: knowledge
15. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.3.3Identifythefunctionsofcarbohydrates,lipids,proteins,andnucleic
acids.
BLM: knowledge
16. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.3.3Identifythefunctionsofcarbohydrates,lipids,proteins,andnucleic
acids.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: knowledge
17. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.1Describehowmostsmallmoleculescrossthecellmembrane.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: knowledge
18. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.2Explainwhyosmosisisimportanttocells. STA: S7.1.a
BLM: knowledge
19. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.3Tellthedifferencebetweenpassivetransportandactivetransport.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: knowledge
20. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.1.2Explainhowtheinventionofthemicroscopecontributedtoscientists'
understandingoflivingthings. STA: S7.6.d BLM: analysis
21. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.1.1Tellwhatcellsare. STA: S7.1.a BLM: comprehension
22. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.1.4Explainhowthecellsofmulticellularorganismsarerelated.
STA: S7.5.b BLM: comprehension
23. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L3
OBJ: CaLS.3.1.4Explainhowthecellsofmulticellularorganismsarerelated.
STA: S7.5.a BLM: analysis
24. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L3
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.1Identifytheroleofthecellwallandthecellmembraneinthecell.
STA: S7.1.b BLM: analysis
25. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L3
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.4Describehowcellsdiffer. STA: S7.5
BLM: application
26. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.3.1Defineelementsandcompounds. BLM: comprehension
27. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.3.2Explainhowwaterisimportanttothefunctionofcells.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: application
28. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2

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OBJ: CaLS.3.4.1Describehowmostsmallmoleculescrossthecellmembrane.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: analysis
29. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.3Tellthedifferencebetweenpassivetransportandactivetransport.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: comprehension
30. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.2Identifytheroleofthenucleusinthecell. STA: S7.1.c
BLM: application

MODIFIEDTRUE/FALSE

31. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: L2

OBJ: CaLS.3.1.1Tellwhatcellsare. STA: S7.1 BLM: comprehension
32. ANS: F,small

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.1.2Explainhowtheinventionofthemicroscopecontributedtoscientists'
understandingoflivingthings. STA: S7.6.d BLM: comprehension
33. ANS: F,living

PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: CaLS.3.1.3Statethecelltheory.

STA: S7.1 BLM: knowledge
34. ANS: F,chloroplasts

PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.b BLM: knowledge
35. ANS: F,element

PTS: 1 DIF: L2 OBJ: CaLS.3.3.1Defineelementsand

compounds.
BLM: comprehension
36. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.3Tellthedifferencebetweenpassivetransportandactivetransport.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: knowledge
37. ANS: F,water

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.3.2Explainhowwaterisimportanttothefunctionofcells.
BLM: comprehension
38. ANS: F,energy

PTS: 1 DIF: L2

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OBJ: CaLS.3.3.3Identifythefunctionsofcarbohydrates,lipids,proteins,andnucleic
acids.
BLM: application
39. ANS: F
animals
multicellularorganisms

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.1.4Explainhowthecellsofmulticellularorganismsarerelated.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: application
40. ANS: F,Water

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.3.2Explainhowwaterisimportanttothefunctionofcells.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: comprehension

COMPLETION

41. ANS: cells

PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: CaLS.3.1.1Tellwhatcellsare.

STA: S7.1 BLM: knowledge
42. ANS: function

PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: CaLS.3.1.1Tellwhatcellsare.

STA: S7.1.a BLM: knowledge
43. ANS: cells

PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: CaLS.3.1.3Statethecelltheory.

STA: S7.1.a BLM: knowledge
44. ANS: chromatin

PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.c BLM: knowledge
45. ANS: ribosomes

PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.b BLM: knowledge
46. ANS: lysosomes

PTS: 1 DIF: L1

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OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.b BLM: knowledge
47. ANS: wall

PTS: 1 DIF: L2 OBJ: CaLS.3.2.4Describehowcellsdiffer.

STA: S7.1.b BLM: comprehension
48. ANS: compound

PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: CaLS.3.3.1Defineelementsand

compounds.
BLM: knowledge
49. ANS: carbohydrates

PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.3.3Identifythefunctionsofcarbohydrates,lipids,proteins,andnucleic
acids.
BLM: knowledge
50. ANS: nucleicacids

PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.3.3Identifythefunctionsofcarbohydrates,lipids,proteins,andnucleic
acids.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: knowledge
51. ANS: aminoacids

PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.3.3Identifythefunctionsofcarbohydrates,lipids,proteins,andnucleic
acids.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: knowledge
52. ANS: diffusion

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.1Describehowmostsmallmoleculescrossthecellmembrane.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: comprehension
53. ANS: water

PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.2Explainwhyosmosisisimportanttocells. STA: S7.1.a
BLM: knowledge
54. ANS: energy

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.3Tellthedifferencebetweenpassivetransportandactivetransport.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: comprehension

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55. ANS: organ

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.1.4Explainhowthecellsofmulticellularorganismsarerelated.
STA: S7.5.a BLM: application
56. ANS: chloroplasts

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.3.2Explainhowwaterisimportanttothefunctionofcells.
STA: S7.1.d BLM: comprehension
57. ANS: diffusion

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.1Describehowmostsmallmoleculescrossthecellmembrane.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: application
58. ANS: organelles.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.1.4Explainhowthecellsofmulticellularorganismsarerelated.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: application
59. ANS: water

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.3.2Explainhowwaterisimportanttothefunctionofcells.
STA: S7.1.a BLM: comprehension

SHORTANSWER

60. ANS:
cellwall,chloroplast

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.b BLM: analysis
61. ANS:
Golgibodiespackageproteinsandothernewlyformedmaterialsanddistributethemto
otherpartsofthecell.

PTS: 1 DIF: L1
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.b BLM: knowledge
62. ANS:

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Thestructuresaremitochondria.Mitochondriaproducemostoftheenergythecellneeds
tocarryoutitsfunctions.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.b BLM: comprehension
63. ANS:
Cistheendoplasmicreticulum,whichtransportsproteins.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.b BLM: comprehension
64. ANS:
Disthenucleus,whichdirectsallofthecellsactivities.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.c BLM: comprehension
65. ANS:
No,becauseitdoesnotcontainacellwallorchloroplasts.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.c BLM: analysis
66. ANS:
InA,theconcentrationofwateroutsidethecellswouldbegreaterthantheconcentration
ofwaterinsidethecells.Waterwouldmoveintothecellsbyosmosis,causingthemto
swell.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.2Explainwhyosmosisisimportanttocells. STA: S7.1.a
BLM: application
67. ANS:
InB,theconcentrationofwateroutsidethecellswouldbelowerthantheconcentration
ofwaterinsidethecells.Waterwouldmoveoutofthecellsbyosmosis,causingthemto
shrink.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.2Explainwhyosmosisisimportanttocells. STA: S7.1.a
BLM: application
68. ANS:
InC,theconcentrationofwaterwouldbethesameinsideandoutsidethecells,because
plasmaisthenormalenvironmentforthecells.Thecellswouldkeeptheirnormalshape.

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PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.2Explainwhyosmosisisimportanttocells. STA: S7.1.a
BLM: application
69. ANS:
Waterwouldmoveintothecellsbyosmosis.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.2Explainwhyosmosisisimportanttocells. STA: S7.1.a
BLM: application
70. ANS:
InB,waterwouldmoveoutofthecells.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.2Explainwhyosmosisisimportanttocells. STA: S7.1.a
BLM: application
71. ANS:
Infreshwater,theconcentrationofwateroutsidethecellsisgreaterthanthe
concentrationofwaterinsidethecells.Ifthewaterthatmovesintothecellsbyosmosisis
notremoved,thecellswillswellandburst.

PTS: 1 DIF: L3
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.2Explainwhyosmosisisimportanttocells. STA: S7.1.a
BLM: synthesis

ESSAY

72. ANS:
Thefirstpointisthathumansandbacteriaaremadeupofcells.Humanshavemanycells.
Bacteriahaveonecell.Thesecondpointisthatcellsarethebasicunitofstructureand
functioninhumansandbacteria.Thethirdpointisthatnewhumanandnewbacterial
cellscomeonlyfromotherhumanandbacterialcells.

PTS: 1 DIF: L3 OBJ: CaLS.3.1.3Statethecelltheory.

STA: S7.1.a BLM: synthesis
73. ANS:
Awindowscreenletsairinandout,butkeepsinsectsout.Similarly,thecellmembrane
allowsinmaterialsthatthecellneedsandallowswastestoleave.However,itprevents
manyharmfulmaterialsfromentering.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.1Identifytheroleofthecellwallandthecellmembraneinthecell.
STA: S7.1.b BLM: analysis
74. ANS:

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Thenuclearmembraneprotectsthenucleus.Chromatincontainsgeneticmaterialthat
directsthefunctionsofacell.Thenucleolusiswhereribosomesaremade.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.c BLM: comprehension
75. ANS:
Mitochondriausefoodtoreleaseenergy.Theyarefoundinbothplantandanimalcells.
Chloroplastsuseenergytoproducefood.Theyarefoundinplantcellsbutnotinanimal
cells.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.2.3Nametheorganellesfoundincytoplasmanddescribetheirfunctions.
STA: S7.1.b BLM: comprehension
76. ANS:
Thecellisprobablyananimalcellifithasanucleusbutnotacellwall.Thecellis
probablyaplantcellifithasanucleus,acellwall,andchloroplasts.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2 OBJ: CaLS.3.2.4Describehowcellsdiffer.

STA: S7.1.b BLM: application
77. ANS:
DNAisanucleicacidthatcontainsinstructionsthatcellsneedtocarryoutthefunctions
oflife.Anenzymeisaproteinthatspeedsupachemicalreactioninalivingthing.Fatis
alipidthatstoresenergyincells.Sugarisacarbohydratethatisusedtoproduceenergy.

PTS: 1 DIF: L3
OBJ: CaLS.3.3.2Explainhowwaterisimportanttothefunctionofcells.|CaLS.3.3.3
Identifythefunctionsofcarbohydrates,lipids,proteins,andnucleicacids. STA: S7.1.a
BLM: synthesis
78. ANS:
Diffusionresultsfromcollisionsbetweenmovingmolecules.Ifthemoleculesaremoving
faster,theywillcollidemorefrequently.Thatwillmakethemspreadout,ordiffuse,more
quickly.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.1Describehowmostsmallmoleculescrossthecellmembrane.
BLM: application
79. ANS:
Onemethodinvolvestransportproteins.Proteinsinthecellmembranepickupmolecules
andcarrytheminoroutofthecell.Anothermethodconsistsofengulfing.Thecell
membraneengulfsaparticle,thenpinchesoffandformsavacuolewithinthecell.

PTS: 1 DIF: L2
OBJ: CaLS.3.4.3Tellthedifferencebetweenpassivetransportandactivetransport.

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STA: S7.1.a BLM: comprehension

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