Digital Integrated Electronics-

H.Tauband D. L. Schilling(New Logical variables, Boolean algebra, Karnaugh maps, and

York: McGraw-Hill, 1977). methods of analyzing circuits composedof logical gatesare
the subjects of Chapter 3. The chapter is presented at an
J. A. Connelly, Reviewer introductory level and presumes no prior familiarity with
these subjects on the reader’s part. Normally, an expansion
of these topics comprises an introductory course in logic
This book represents the third generation of textbooks design, and hence this chapter may be bypassed by readers
coauthored by H. Taub covering the general topics of pulse, having had this exposure.
switching, digital, and integrated circuits. The progression Chapter 4 begins the studyof the electronicsof logic gates
to the present book started in 1956 with Pulse and Digital by examiningthecircuitbehavior of resistor-transistor
Circuits, a texttreatingdigitalandswitchingcircuits logic (RTL) and integrated injection logic (IZL). Other logic
almost exclusively with vacuum-tube devices. A decade familieswhich are examinedarediode-transistorlogic
later the highly acclaimed and well-recognized book, Pulse. (DTL) and high treshold logic (HTL) in Chapter 5, tran-
Digital, and Switching Woveforms, was issued in the second sistor-transistor logic (TZL) in Chapter 6, emitter coupled
generation. In this volume, the importanceof the transistor logic (ECL) in Chapter 7 , and metal-oxide semiconductor
was emphasized and vacuum-tube circuits were presented logic (MOS)inChapter 8. Thereviewerwasespecially
only incidentally. impressed with the detailed insight that the authors provide
Now, after another decade, the numerous advancements into the actual circuit operation of these gates and how this
in integrated circuits have prompted the present work. The operationaffectsthegates’terminalcharacteristicsand
purpose of this text is to describe and analyze almost all of performance specifications. This familiarity with the ter-
thebasicintegratedcircuitbuildingblocksfromwhich minal characteristics of various logic families is essential
digital circuits and systems are assembled. However, as for anyone designing and evaluating digital logic systems or
noted in the Preface, Digital Integrated Electronics is in- interfacing digitalIC’s with various input-output hardware
tended as a continuation of Pulse, Digital, and Switching forcommunicationssystems.Usuallyonegainsthisfa-
Woveformsratherthan a s a replacement.Thereviewer miliarity with the performance specifications of digital IC’s
agreestotallywiththisconclusionsincethe 1965 work only after some relevant “hands-on” exposure where a gate
provides a more thorough-and deeper treatment of funda- limitationthatwasoverlookedduringthedesignphase
mentalsemiconductordeviceoperationthanthepresent preventsthesystemfromperformingproperly. I t is re-
work. freshingtohaveanengineeringtextbookthatfirstrec-
Use of the bookpresumessomebackgroundinsemi- ognizes that all logic circuits have certain practical limita-
conductor devices and circuits. The reviewer feels the book tions to their capabilities, and then demonstrates that these
is so well written that a previous familiarity by the reader circuits are functionally acceptable as long as their limita-
with semiconductor device characteristics, biasing, model- tions are recognized and not exceeded.
ing, and amplifier analysis will be quite adequate for easy The operations of various types of flip-flops are explored
comprehension of thetopicspresented.Theleveland in Chapter 9. Flip-flop operation is considered both from the
duration of the material are appropriate fora two-semester interconnection of logic gates and from actual circuit oper-
course coming in the late junior and senior years. Selected ation of the various logic families. Of significant importance
sections of the text are quite appropriate for a one semester in this chapter is the analysis and discussion of how flip-
or one quarter graduate level course dealing generally with flops are adapted and modified to circumvent timing prob-
hardware for instrumentation, timing, and data acquisition lems that frequently develop in synchronous systems.
and storage techniques. Chapter 10 presents registers and counters and develops
For those having the suggested background with semi- procedures for designing synchronous and ripple counters
conductors, Chapter 1 is generallya review except that here of arbitrary modulo.
these devices are treated froma switching mode viewpoint The application of logic circuits for performing binary
rather than the more conventional “linearized” amplifier arithmetic is considered in Chapter 11. Again, material in
model. The reader must make this change in viewpoint in this chapter may have been presented in an introductory
order to appreciate the contentsof the remaining chapters. course in binary logic and, if so, could be bypassed.
Chapter 2 provides a furthertransitionbetweenthe Semiconductor memories are presented in Chapter -12.
analog and digital viewpoints by first describing opera- The circuit structures and functional operation are exami-
tional amplifier concepts, and then using this device as a ned for sequential memories, read-only memories, random-
vehicleforexplainingtheprinciplesandoperation of access dynamic and static memories, and charge-coupled
voltage comparators. device(CCD)memories.
Chapters 13 and 1 4 consider special functions for inter-
of Electrical Engineering, Georgia Institute
The reviewer is with the School
facing between analog and digital signals. Analog signal
of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332. processingviagates,multiplexers,sample-holdcircuits,

12 IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY MAGAZINE

and integrators are the subjects of Chapter 13. Analog-to- succeeding two chapters center on the Fourier representa-
digital and digital-to-analog conversion techniques and the tion of signals. The usual properties of the three common
circuitry for implementation are explored in Chapter 14. Fourier transforms [infinite and finite interval and discrete
Theconcludingchapter of thebookpresentsvarious time)aregivenandtheinterconnectionsbetweenoper-
timing circuits for monostable and astable multivibrators. ations in the transform and time domain are presented. The
Timing circuit operation is illustrated for CMOS, ECL, and sampling theorem is employed to.interrelate and motivate
TZL gates, and for use with the 555 timer. the three types of transforms. The power, amplitude, and
In evaluating this bo.ok a s a course textbook or for self phase spectra are introduced; these concepts are generalized
study, this reviewer gives it very high marks. The expla- laterwhenothertransformsaredefined.Time-varying
nations are clear and well illustrated with example calcula- spectra are briefly treated.
tions and problems. There are more than 400 homework The discrete Fourier transform is discussed in Chapter4
problems provided, and a solution manual and an answer where a fast transform algorithmis developed. The decima-
book are also available to instructors. Also, the authors tion-in-time version is presented and the reversal of the
state in the Preface that they"wil1 be happy to furnisha set outputspectrumisexploredin a sectiononshuffling.
of laboratory experiments currently used at CCNY (City However, the further efficienciesof twiddle factors are not
College of the City University of New York) in conjunction discussed.
with this text." The Rademacher, Haar, and Walsh functions are defined
In summary, the combination of'the topical content and in a short Chapter 5. The various orderings of the Walsh
the clarity of explanation in this book when mixed with functions are delineated and the concept of sequency is
proven technical writing successes of the authors over the introduced. Both the continuous- and discrete-time versions
last 30 years assures this reviewer that this volume will of these basis functions are treated, whereas the following
become a well-recognized text for practical engineering in chapter concentrates on the discrete-time Walsh functions.
digital integrated electronics. Several fast algorithms are discussed before appropriate
power and phase spectra are defined. The properties of
these spectra are enumerated, and their physical interpre-
tations are given. The effect of dyadic shifts on the Walsh
OrthogonalTransforms for Digital transform are compared to the analogous cyclic shift pro-
SignalProcessing-N.Ahmedand perties of Fourier transforms.A set of cyclic shift invariants
K . R. Rao (New York: Springer-Ver- for the Walsh transform is explored and a cyclic autocorrel-
lag, 1975). ation theorem for the Walsh transforms is developed. Two-
dimensionaltransformsaredefinedattheend of this
G. Robert Redinbo, Reviewer chapter.
With the groundwork firmly laid, several new discrete-
This book deals with a variety of orthogonal transforms time orthogonal transforms are introduced in Chapter 7.
which can beusedin a wide range of signal processing They include the slant transform(ST),originally developed
systems. Its principal virtue is in the treatment of many to follow the linearly changing gray levels typically found in
orthogonal transforms from a common ground. The text, images, the discrete cosine transform [DCT),a very robust
which affords a medium level treatment, requiresa prereq- transform for real data, and a class of generalized trans-
uisite provided by the usual transformation presentations forms (GT) which subsumes a number of definitions as an
in an undergraduate circuits, communications,or discrete- independent variable is varied. This latter class contains
time systems course. the discrete Fourier transform on one end and the Walsh
The book isdividedroughlyintothreeparts:'Fourier transform on the other; matrix factorization is used in the
representation of signals and sequences; discrete orthog- definition.Correspondingfasttransformalgorithmsare
onal transforms; and applications to filtering,datacom- presented for all items.
pression,and-patternrecognition.Anextensiveset of Thefirstapplication of orthogonaltransformsisto
problems follows each chapter: many of them elabora.te and generalizeWienerfiltering.Inadditiontothegeneral'
extend the results in the text, awhile few are designed to a be theory,severalsuboptimalviewpointsaredeveloped. A
challenge. Several chapters make effective use of Appen- sectionisdevoted to theselection of theproperinput
dixes to include basic material that make the book more self- unitary transformation if the. filter is constrained to be a
contained. diagonalmatrix;theresultis, of course,theKarhunen-
After a brief introductory chapter which treats general Loeve unitary transform. In a related vein the suboptimal
real-valued.orthogona1 basis functions over an interval, the diagonal filter for a given input unitary transformation is
determined.
T h e reviewer is with the Department of Electrical and Systems Engineer- Transformswithdesirablepropertieswhentransform
ing, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.Troy, N Y 12181. components are discarded for data compression purposes

JULY 1977 13