1) With reference to the circuit topology shown in Figure.
2, in order to eliminate the circulating currents for
any values of V1 and V2, one can use diode along the path of the source current flow such that
Fig. 2 [ ]
(a) a diode is in series with the voltage source V1
(b) A diode is in series with the voltage source V2
(c) a diode is in series with either of the voltage sources V1 or V2
(d) diodes are in series with both the voltage sources
5) As the temperature increases [ ]
(a) the peak power of PV cell decreases
(b) the peak power of PV cell increases
(c) the short circuit current value decreases
(d) the open circuit voltage value increases
6) A PV panel is tested under standard test conditions. The short circuit current is 8A, the open circuit
voltage is 40V, the voltage at peak power is 36.5V and the current at peak power is 7A. The fill factor of the
PV panel is found to be 0.72. The incident input power on the panel is 1800W. The area of the panel is[ ]
(a) 1.5m2 (b) 0.17m2 (c) 0.225m2 (d) 1.8m2
7) The hour angle at 11 am will be [ ]
(a) 30 deg (b) -30 deg (c) 15 deg (d) 4 deg
8) At maximum power point , dI/dV is equal to [ ]
(a) − I/V (b) I/V (c) 1 (d) 0
9) Consider a PV application operated using tubular lead acid battery. The nominal voltage of the battery is
24V. The battery has a DoD of 80% and energy efficiency of 70% . Let the load energy requirement during
sunlight hours be 560Wh and that at night be 1120Wh. If the number of days of autonomy is 0, then the
load energy requirement is [ ]
(a) 1400 Wh (b) 1600 Wh (c) 1680Wh (d) 2160Wh
10) A battery having a voltage of 48V is in series with a 10 ohm resistance. Across the terminals of this
series system, a load Ro is connected. Maximum power that can be transferred to Ro is [ ]
(a) 51.2 W (b) 230 W (c) 43.2 W (d) 57.6 W
11) Consider a 12V battery with a 10 ohm series resistance. This battery-resistance combination is required
to emulate a PV cell. The fill factor is [ ]
(a) 0.5 (b) 0.12 (c) 0.7 (d) 0.25
12) Consider a PV system wherein the PV is interfaced to a load resistance Ro by means of a dc-dc
converter. If the ratio of the terminal voltage to the terminal current of the PV panel is greater than Ro, then
in order to achieve maximum power point tracking, the interfacing dc-dc converter is a [ ]
(a) Buck or Boost (b) Boost converter (c) Buck-Boost or Buck (d) Buck-Boost or Boost
14) Consider a 80Ah battery which has a nominal voltage of 12V. The state of charge for the battery is at
20%. If the watt-hour efficiency of the battery is 70%, then the DoD of the battery is [ ]
(a) 60 % (b) 70 % (c) 80 % (d) 20 %
15) The emittance of polished aluminum is [ ]
(a) more than anodized aluminum (b) more than glass
(c) more than wood (d) more than polished copper
17) Consider a PV application operated using tubular lead acid battery. The nominal voltage of the battery
is 24V. The battery has a DoD of 80% and energy efficiency of 60% . Let the load energy requirement
during sunlight hours be 420Wh and that at night be 1380Wh. If the number of days of autonomy is 2 and
the number of days of recharge following the days of autonomy is 5, then the watt-hour required from the
PV is [ ]
(a) 3000 Wh (b) 3120 Wh (c) 3920 Wh (d) 7410 Wh
20) The I-V characteristics at the terminal of a source is given below. At point ’b’ [ ]
(a) dP/dV > 0 (b) dP/dV < 0 (c) dP/dV = 0 (d) dP/dV <= 0
21) The sensitivity of the solar cell to the spectral irradiance of sun light is maximum at [ ]
(a) wavelengths less than 400nm
(b) wavelengths between 400nm and 700nm
(c) wavelength between 700nm and 2000nm
(d) wavelength between 2000nm and 5000nm
22) As the temperature increases, the efficiency of PV cell will [ ]
(a) improve (b) decrease (c) increase (d) remain unchanged
26) At some latitude and longitude, the airmass index at sea level is 1.5. For a place at the same latitude and
longitude, but above sea level where the ambient pressure is 0.8 atmospheres, the air mass index is[ ]
(a) 1.2 (b) 1.5 (c) 0.8 (d) 1.25
27) On which day zenith angle will be equal to latitude [ ]
(a) September 22 (b) March 21 (c) Both a and b (d) June 21
28) The extra terrestrial insolation on March 27, 1989 is [ ]
(a) 1.3747 (b) 1.3341 (c) 1.3837 (d) 1.3447
32) The formulae for the physical head in the following diagram [ ]
(a) hd - hs (b) hd + hs (c) (hd - hs)/2 (d) (hd + hs)/2
33) Consider a PV application operated using tubular lead acid battery. The nominal voltage of the battery
is 24V. The battery has a DoD of 80% and energy efficiency of 70% . Let the load energy requirement
during sunlight hours be 560Wh and that at night be 1120Wh. If the number of days of autonomy is 0, then
the AH requirement of the battery is [ ]
(a) 66.67 (b) 72.9 (c) 83.3 (d) 87.5
34) As the temperature increases [ ]
(a) the open circuit voltage value increases
(b) the peak power of PV cell increases
(c) the short circuit current value decreases
(d) the short circuit current value increases
36) A vertical pole of length 4 m is placed on a particular point on earth. If the length of the shadow of this
pole is 2 m, then air mass index is [ ]
(a) 2 (b) 1.12 (c)0.5 (d) 1.41
37) If the solar declination is 23.5 deg and latitude angle is 45 deg, then the sunrise hour angle is [ ]
(a) 45 deg (b) −45 deg (c) 90 deg (d) 115 deg
38) Few photovoltaic modules are connected in series-parallel configuration as shown in the figure below.
Each module has an I-V characteristic having the x-axis intercept as 31V and the y-axis intercept as 4.2A.
The short circuit current for the series-parallel system shown is [ ]
(a) 4.2 A (b) 8.4 A (c) 12.6 A (d) 25.2 A
41) Heat transfer process through solids is called [ ]
(a) conduction (b) convection (c) radiation (d) mass transport
42) Two dissimilar PV cells are connected in parallel (no protection diodes are incorporated). Let the open-
circuit voltage and short-circuit current of one cell be 10V and 2A respectively. Let the open-circuit voltage
and short-circuit current of the other cell be 12V and 3A respectively. If Voc and Isc represent the open-
circuit voltage and short-circuit current of parallel cell combination, then [ ]
(a) Voc < 10V (b) Voc >12V (c) Voc = 10V (d) 10V<Voc<12V
43) V1 and V2 are two voltage sources having voltages 11V and 13V respectively. The series resistance of
each source is 0.25 ohms. The circulating current is [ ]
(a) 8 A (b) 4 A (c) 2 A (d) 24 A
44) Which of the following is appropriate for SLI batteries? [ ]
(a) They can be used for longer period
(b)They can give immense amount of power but for a very short amount of time
(c) They can give immense amount of power for a very long time
(d) They have very low power density but very high energy density
45) At sunset and sunrise, the zenith angle is [ ]
(a) 0 deg (b) 90 deg (c) 180 deg (d) 45 deg
48) The value of solar constant is approximately: [ ]
(a) 1 kW/m2 (b) 1.37 kW/m2 (c) 1 kWh/m2 (d) 1.37 kWh/m2
50) Photovoltaic cells are sensitive to [ ]
(a) infra red portion of solar spectrum
(b) visible light portion of solar spectrum
(c) ultra violet light portion of solar spectrum
(d) RF portion of the solar spectrum
