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History of Programming Languages

The document provides a history of programming languages from early codes in the 19th century through modern languages. It discusses the first recognizable modern computers in the 1940s and the development of early languages like Plankalkül, FORTRAN, LISP, COBOL, and ALGOL in the 1950s and 1960s. Major paradigms like object-oriented, logic, and functional programming emerged in the 1970s. Popular languages of the 1980s included C++, Ada, Common Lisp, and Eiffel. Scripting languages gained popularity in the 1990s with the rise of the internet. Current trends include languages like C#, Python, Java, and Go.

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Raylle Manangan
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65 views

History of Programming Languages

The document provides a history of programming languages from early codes in the 19th century through modern languages. It discusses the first recognizable modern computers in the 1940s and the development of early languages like Plankalkül, FORTRAN, LISP, COBOL, and ALGOL in the 1950s and 1960s. Major paradigms like object-oriented, logic, and functional programming emerged in the 1970s. Popular languages of the 1980s included C++, Ada, Common Lisp, and Eiffel. Scripting languages gained popularity in the 1990s with the rise of the internet. Current trends include languages like C#, Python, Java, and Go.

Uploaded by

Raylle Manangan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HISTORY OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

BEFORE 1940

CODES - The first language.


1801- Jacquard loom.
1842- 1843- Ada translated the memoir of Italian mathematician luigi menebrea about Charles
Babbage’s newest proposed machine, the analytical engine.
1890- Hollerith then encoded the 1890 census data on punch cards.

The first computer codes were specialized for their applications. In the first decades of the 20th century,
numerical calculations were based on decimal numbers.

THE 1940’s

1940s, the first recognizably modern, electrically powered computers were created.
In 1948, Konrad Zuse published a paper about his programming language Plankalkül.
1943 - Plankalkül (Konrad Zuse) is a computer language developed for engineering purposes.
1943 - ENIAC coding system
1949 - C-10
1959 - Jonathan Quilario's Venn diagram

THE 1950s and 1960s

First 3 modern programming languages:


Formula Translator (FORTAN) invented by John Backus
List Processor (LIPS) invented by John McCarthy
Common Business Oriented Language (COBOL) created by the Short Range Committee, heavily
influenced by Grace Hopper.

A committee of American and European computer scientists, of "a new language for
algorithms". The ALGOL 60 Report (the "ALGOrithmic Language"). This report consolidated
many ideas circulating at the time and featured two key language innovations:

 nested block structure: code sequences and associated declarations could be grouped into
blocks without having to be turned into separate, explicitly named procedures;
 lexical scoping: a block could have its own private variables, procedures and functions, invisible
to code outside that block, i.e. information hiding.

1951 - Regional Assembly Language


1952 - Autocode
1954 - FORTRAN: is a general-purpose, procedural, imperative programming language that is especially
suited to numeric computation and scientific computing.
1954 - IPL (Information Processing Language)
1955 - FLOW-MATIC: originally known as B-0 (Business Language version 0), is possibly the first English-
like data processing language
1957 - COMTRAN (Commercial Translator) is an early programming language developed at IBM.
1958 - LISP
1958 - ALGOL 58: originally known as IAL.
1959 - FACT: was an early computer programming language, created by the Datamatic Division. FACT
was an acronym for "Fully Automated Compiling Technique".
1959 - COBOL: Its name is an acronym for Common Business-Oriented Language, defining its primary
domain in business, finance, and administrative systems for companies and governments.
1962 - APL: (named after the book A Programming Language) is an interactive array-oriented language
and integrated development environment which is available from a number of commercial and non-
commercial vendors and for most computer platforms.
1962 - Simula
1962 - SNOBOL: (String Oriented Symbolic Language)
1963 - CPL
1964 - BASIC: an acronym for Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code.
1964 - PL/I: Programming Language One.
1967 - BCPL : Basic Combined Programming Language

1967-1978: establishing fundamental paradigms

Major languages paradigms:


Simula- invented by Nygaad and Dahl
C- An early systems programming language, was developed by Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson at Bell
Labs.
Smalltalk- provided a complete ground-up design of an object-oriented language.
Prolog- designed by Colmerauer, Roussel, and Kowalski, was the first logic programming language.
ML- built a polymorphic type system. Invented by Robin Milner.
1968 - Logo: used for functional programming.
1970 - Pascal: is an influential imperative and procedural programming language.
1970 - Forth: is a structured, imperative, reflective, stack-based computer programming language and
programming environment.
1972 - C: is a general-purpose computer programming language.
1972 - Smalltalk: is an object-oriented, dynamically typed, reflective programming language.
1972 - Prolog: is a general purpose logic programming language associated with artificial intelligence and
computational linguistics.
1973 - ML: is a general-purpose functional programming language developed by Robin Milner.
1975 - Scheme: is one of the two main dialects of the programming language Lisp.
1978 - SQL often referred to as Structured Query Language.

The 1980s: consolidation, modules, performance

One important new trend in language design was an increased focus on programming for large-scale
systems through the use of modules, or large-scale organizational units of code.

1980 - C++ : is a statically typed, free-form, multi-paradigm, compiled, general-purpose programming


language.
1983 - Ada: is a structured, statically typed, imperative, wide-spectrum, and object-oriented high-level
computer programming language, extended from Pascal and other languages.
1984 - Common Lisp: commonly abbreviated CL is a dialect of the Lisp programming language, published
in ANSI standard document ANSI INCITS 226-1994 (R2004), (formerly X3.226-1994 (R1999)).
1985 - Eiffel: is an ISO-standardized, object-oriented programming language designed to enable
programmers to develop extensible, reusable, reliable software efficiently.
1986 - Erlang: is a general-purpose concurrent programming language and runtime system.
1987 - Perl: was originally developed by Larry Wall in 1987 as a general-purpose Unix scripting language
to make report processing easier.
1988 - Tcl: "Tool Command Language" is a scripting language created by John Ousterhout.
1989 - FL : (short for Function Level)

1990s: the internet age

Many "rapid application development" (RAD) languages emerged, which usually came with an IDE,
garbage collection, and were descendants of older languages. All such languages were object-oriented.
These included Object Pascal, Visual Basic, and C#. Java was a more conservative language that also
featured garbage collection and received much attention. More radical and innovative than the RAD
languages were the new scripting languages.

1990 - Haskell: s a standardized, general-purpose purely functional programming language, with non-
strict semantics and strong static typing.
1991 - Python: is a general-purpose high-level programming language[2] whose design philosophy
emphasizes code readability.
1991 - Java
1993 - Ruby: is a dynamic, reflective, general purpose object-oriented programming language that
combines syntax.
1993 - Lua: is a lightweight, reflective, imperative and functional programming language, designed as a
scripting language with extensible semantics as a primary goal.
1994 - CLOS (Common Lisp Object System)
1995 - Delphi
1995 - JavaScript: is an implementation of the ECMAScript language standard and is typically used to
enable programmatic access to computational objects within a host environment.
1995 - PHP (hypertext processor) is a widely used, general-purpose scripting language that was originally
designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages.
1997 - Rebol: (Relative Expression Based Object Language)

CURRENT TRENDS

2001 - C#: is a multi-paradigm programming language encompassing imperative, functional, generic,


object-oriented (class-based), and component-oriented programming disciplines.
2001 - Visual Basic .NET: is an object-oriented computer programming language that can be viewed as
an evolution of Microsoft's Visual Basic (VB) which is generally implemented on the Microsoft .NET
Framework.
2002 - F#: is a multi-paradigm programming language, targeting the .NET Framework, that encompasses
functional programming as well as imperative object-oriented programming disciplines
2003 - Scala: is a multi-paradigm programming language designed to integrate features of object-
oriented programming and functional programming.
2003 - Factor: is dynamically typed and has automatic memory management, as well as powerful
metaprogramming features.
2006 - Windows Power Shell: is Microsoft's task automation framework, consisting of a command-line
shell and associated scripting language built on top of, and integrated with, the .NET Framework
2007 - Clojure: is a modern dialect of the Lisp programming language.
2007 - Groovy: It is a dynamic language with features similar to those of Python, Ruby, Perl, and
Smalltalk. It can be used as a scripting language for the Java Platform.
2009 - Go: is a compiled, garbage-collected, concurrent programming language developed by Google
Inc.

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