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4 EEE - Eds Unit 1

This document discusses various factors that affect site selection for power systems, including: 1. Service reliability and power losses. 2. Load characteristics such as demand, maximum demand, diversified demand, demand factor, non-coincident demand, connected load, utilization factor, plant factor, and load factor. 3. Diversity factor, coincidence factor, and load diversity which relate to the differences between individual and combined loads. 4. Contribution factor which represents the contribution of an individual load to the group maximum demand.

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Aditya Tiwari
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64 views

4 EEE - Eds Unit 1

This document discusses various factors that affect site selection for power systems, including: 1. Service reliability and power losses. 2. Load characteristics such as demand, maximum demand, diversified demand, demand factor, non-coincident demand, connected load, utilization factor, plant factor, and load factor. 3. Diversity factor, coincidence factor, and load diversity which relate to the differences between individual and combined loads. 4. Contribution factor which represents the contribution of an individual load to the group maximum demand.

Uploaded by

Aditya Tiwari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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5.

Service reliability
6. Power Josses

Figure 1-3 Factors a f f e c t i n g Site Selection

Load Characteristics:

1. Demand: The demand of a system is the load at receiving end over a specified time
interval.
2. Maximum Demand: The maximum demand of a system is the greater of all the
demands within the time interval specified.
3. Diversified demand (or coincident demand): ) It is the demand of
the composite group, as a whole, of somewhat unrelated loads over a
specified period of time.
4. Demand factor: It is the "ratio o f the maximum demand of a system to the total
connected Load. It is dimension less.
Demand f actor is usually less than 1.0.
Demand f actor = Maximum demand/ Total connected demand
5. Non-coincident demand: I t i s “the sum of the demands of a group of loads
with no restrictions on the interval to which each demand is applicable."
6. Connect ed load : It is "the sum of the continuous ratings of the load-
consuming apparatus connected to the system”
7. Utilization factor: It is "the ratio of the maximum demand of a system
to the rated capacity of the system "

Fu = Maximum Demand/ rated system capacity

8. Plant factor: It is the ratio of the total actual energy produced or served
over a designated period of time to the energy that would have been produced
or served if the plant (or unit) had operated continuously at maximum
rating. It is also known as the capacity factor or t h e use factor.
Plant Factor = actual energy production (or) served * time/ maximum plant rating

9. Load factor It is "the ratio of the average load over a designated period of
time to the peak load occurring on that period"

FLD = average load/ peak load

Annual load factor = total annual energy/ annual peak load*8760

10. Diversity factor It is "the ratio of the sum of the individual maximum
demands of the various subdivisions of a system to the maximum demand of
the whole system"
Coincidence factor: It is "the ratio of the maximum coincident total demand of
a group of consumers to the sum of the maximum power demands of
individual consumers comprising the group both taken at the same point of
supply for the same time"

Load diversity It is "the difference between the sum of the peaks of two or
more individual loads and the peak of the combined load"

Contribution f a c t o r : The c o n t r i b u t i o n factor of t h e ith load t o the group


maximum demand." It is given in per unit of the individual maximum demand of
the ith load

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