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Aggregate Functions: Column References

This document provides a reference guide for SQL aggregate functions including COUNT, SUM, MAX, MIN, AVG, and ROUND. It explains what each function does, provides examples of how to use each function in a SQL query, and discusses related clauses like GROUP BY, HAVING, and ORDER BY that are often used with aggregate functions.

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23 views

Aggregate Functions: Column References

This document provides a reference guide for SQL aggregate functions including COUNT, SUM, MAX, MIN, AVG, and ROUND. It explains what each function does, provides examples of how to use each function in a SQL query, and discusses related clauses like GROUP BY, HAVING, and ORDER BY that are often used with aggregate functions.

Uploaded by

yingyoh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3/30/2020 Learn SQL: Aggregate Functions Reference Guide | Codecademy

Cheatsheets / Learn SQL

Aggregate Functions

Column References
The GROUP BY and ORDER BY clauses can reference the selected columns by
number in which they appear in the SELECT statement. The example query
will count the number of movies per rating, and will:

● GROUP BY column 2 ( rating )


● ORDER BY column 1 ( total_movies )

SELECT COUNT(*) AS 'total_movies',


rating
FROM movies
GROUP BY 2
ORDER BY 1;

SUM() Aggregate Function


The SUM() aggregate function takes the name of a column as an argument
and returns the sum of all the value in that column.

SELECT SUM(salary)
FROM salary_disbursement;

MAX() Aggregate Function


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The MAX() aggregate function in SQL takes the name of a column as an


argument and returns the largest value in a column. The given query will
return the largest value from the amount column.

SELECT MAX(amount)
FROM transactions;

COUNT() Aggregate Function


The COUNT() aggregate function in SQL returns the total number of rows that
match the specified criteria. For instance, to find the total number of
employees who have less than 5 years of experience, the given query can be
used.

Note: A column name of the table can also be used instead of * . Unlike
COUNT(*) , this variation COUNT(column) will not count NULL values in that
column.

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM employees
WHERE experience < 5;

GROUP BY Clause
The GROUP BY clause will group records in a result set by identical values in
one or more columns. It is often used in combination with aggregate functions
to query information of similar records. The GROUP BY clause can come after
FROM or WHERE but must come before any ORDER BY or LIMIT clause.

The given query will count the number of movies per rating.

SELECT rating,
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3/30/2020 Learn SQL: Aggregate Functions Reference Guide | Codecademy

COUNT(*)
FROM movies
GROUP BY rating;

MIN() Aggregate Function


The MIN() aggregate function in SQL returns the smallest value in a column.
For instance, to find the smallest value of the amount column from the table
named transactions , the given query can be used.

SELECT MIN(amount)
FROM transactions;

AVG() Aggregate Function


The AVG() aggregate function returns the average value in a column. For
instance, to find the average salary for the employees who have less than 5
years of experience, the given query can be used.

SELECT AVG(salary)
FROM employees
WHERE experience < 5;

HAVING Clause
The HAVING clause is used to further filter the result set groups provided by
the GROUP BY clause. HAVING is often used with aggregate functions to filter
the result set groups based on an aggregate property. The given query will

https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-sql/modules/learn-sql-aggregate-functions/cheatsheet 3/5
3/30/2020 Learn SQL: Aggregate Functions Reference Guide | Codecademy

select only the records (rows) from only years where more than 5 movies
were released per year.

SELECT year,
COUNT(*)
FROM movies
GROUP BY year
HAVING COUNT(*) > 5;

Aggregate Functions in SQL


Aggregate functions perform a calculation on a set of values and return a
single value:

● COUNT()

● SUM()

● MAX()

● MIN()

● AVG()

ROUND() Function
The ROUND() function will round a number value to a specified number of
places. It takes two arguments: a number, and a number of decimal places. It
can be combined with other aggregate functions, as shown in the given
query. This query will calculate the average rating of movies from 2015,
rounding to 2 decimal places.

SELECT year,
ROUND(AVG(rating), 2)
FROM movies
WHERE year = 2015;

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Learn SQL
Learn to communicate with
databases using SQL, the standard

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