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Math Sets Cont'd: Alex, Casey, Drew, Hunter Casey, Drew, Jade

This document discusses sets and Venn diagrams. It defines key terms like elements, union, intersection, difference and universal set. An example is used to demonstrate friends who play soccer or tennis and how they would be represented in a Venn diagram. Links are provided for additional resources on understanding Venn diagrams and their uses in representing relationships between different sets. An exercise at the end prompts the reader to create a 2-circle Venn diagram based on data about students and their pet ownership of dogs and/or cats.

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Ashanta Shanta
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206 views

Math Sets Cont'd: Alex, Casey, Drew, Hunter Casey, Drew, Jade

This document discusses sets and Venn diagrams. It defines key terms like elements, union, intersection, difference and universal set. An example is used to demonstrate friends who play soccer or tennis and how they would be represented in a Venn diagram. Links are provided for additional resources on understanding Venn diagrams and their uses in representing relationships between different sets. An exercise at the end prompts the reader to create a 2-circle Venn diagram based on data about students and their pet ownership of dogs and/or cats.

Uploaded by

Ashanta Shanta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Math

Sets Cont’d

You could have a set made up of your ten best friends:

 {alex, blair, casey, drew, erin, francis, glen, hunter, ira,


jade}

Each friend is an "element" (or "member") of the set. 

Now let's say that alex, casey, drew and hunter play Soccer:

Soccer = {alex, casey, drew, hunter}

(It says the Set "Soccer" is made up of the elements alex,


casey, drew and hunter.)

And casey, drew and jade play Tennis:

Tennis = {casey, drew, jade}

We can put their names in two separate circles:

Soccer Tennis

alex,
casey,
casey,
drew, jade
drew,
hunter
Union
You can now list your friends that play Soccer OR Tennis.

This is called a "Union" of sets and has the special


symbol ∪:

Soccer ∪ Tennis = {alex, casey, drew, hunter, jade}

Not everyone is in that set ... only your friends that play
Soccer or Tennis (or both).

In other words we combine the elements of the two sets.

We can show that in a "Venn Diagram":

Soccer Tennis

alex, jade
hunter casey,
drew,
Intersection

"Intersection" is when you must be in BOTH sets.

In our case that means they play both Soccer AND Tennis ...


which is casey and drew.

The special symbol for Intersection is an upside down "U"


like this: ∩

And this is how we write it:

Soccer ∩ Tennis = {casey, drew}

Venn Diagram: Intersection of 2 Sets


Difference or One sport Only

You can also "subtract" one set from another.

For example, taking Soccer and subtracting Tennis means


people that play Soccer but NOT Tennis or Soccer Only ...
which is alex and hunter.

And this is how we write it:

Soccer − Tennis = {alex, hunter}

Note that the word “only” is extremely important in Venn Diagram word
problems as it does not include the intersection

In a Venn Diagram:
Universal Set
The Universal Set is the set that has everything, all the
elements, including those not playing soccer or tennis.

The symbol is the letter "U" ... which is easy to confuse with
the ∪ for Union. You just have to be careful, OK?

In our case the Universal Set is our Ten Best Friends.

U = {alex, blair, casey, drew, erin, francis, glen, hunter,


ira, jade}

U=
erin, francis, glen,

Soccer Tennis
alex, casey, jade
hunter drew,
Let A represent Soccer and B represent Tennis, this
diagram sums up the information that can be found in each
part of
the
venn

diagram
 The links below helps to further understand these concepts:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GH29VWIPyfg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yTFoprO5fgM
https://www.windsorhillps.co.uk/venn-diagrams/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z5Gc1R3EbZs&feature=emb_title
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YEsBbAGqkZw

Exercise:

Use the information below to create a 2 circle Venn Diagram

“A class of 28 students were surveyed and


asked if they ever had dogs or cats for pets at
home.
These were their responses:

8 students said they had only ever had a


dog.

6 students said they had only ever had a cat.


10 students said they had a dog and a cat.

4 students said they had never had a dog or


a cat.”

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