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Exercises On Zones of Protection - Memo

This document contains a tutorial assignment from the Department of Electrical Engineering at Polytechnic of Namibia. The assignment contains two questions regarding electrical protection systems for power grids. Question One deals with identifying primary and backup protection for a fault on a transmission line in a sample power system diagram. It also addresses the disadvantages of remote backup protection. Question Two asks the student to demonstrate protection zones on another simple sample power system diagram.

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93 views

Exercises On Zones of Protection - Memo

This document contains a tutorial assignment from the Department of Electrical Engineering at Polytechnic of Namibia. The assignment contains two questions regarding electrical protection systems for power grids. Question One deals with identifying primary and backup protection for a fault on a transmission line in a sample power system diagram. It also addresses the disadvantages of remote backup protection. Question Two asks the student to demonstrate protection zones on another simple sample power system diagram.

Uploaded by

moses kakwena
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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POLYTECHNIC OF NAMIBIA

http://www.polytechnic.edu.na
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
http://www.polytechnic.edu.na/EEE
EPR410S – ELECTRICAL PROTECTION 4A

TUTORIAL ASSIGNMENT 1

GIVEN: 26/03/12 (19H15) DUE: 26/03/2012 (21H15)

TOTAL MARKS: 36

QUESTION ONE 10 MARKS

The power system of Figure Q1.1 is a hypothetical system having back-up protection in which the bus-bars are
indicated by numbers and the circuit breakers by letters.

Figure Q1.1. One-line diagram of a system having back-up protection.

(i) Specify the breakers that the primary (main) protection must open for a fault at ‘P’. (2 marks)

Ans. Breakers F and G. (2 marks)

(ii) Suppose that the primary protection system at busbar 1 has failed to clear the fault at ‘P’ while the busbar-5
end is assumed to operate correctly. You are required to arrange the primary protection systems that, in
addition to providing the primary protection for their respective lines, will also provide a remote back-up
protection for the primary protection at busbar 1 for line 1 – 5. Identify the buses that will provide the required
remote back-up protection and the circuit breakers that must trip. (3 marks)

Ans. The primary protection systems at buses 2, 3 and 4 can be arranged to trip breakers A, D and H,
respectively. (3
marks)

(iii) Referring to (ii) above can you identify the main disadvantage of remote back-up protection. (2 marks)

Ans. The operation of a remote back-up system removes a far greater portion of the power system from
service than does the operation of the primary protection system. (3 marks)

(With the tripping of breakers A, D and H, lines 2 – 1, 3 – 1 and 4 – 1 are removed in addition to the originally
faulted line 1 – 5 when the fault is removed by the remote back-up protection system. The service to any loads
that may be connected at buses 2, 3 and 4 may be affected and there will be no service at all to bus 1.)

(iv) Briefly explain why it is highly desirable to locate back-up protection as remotely, from the primary
protection, as possible and how this is achieved. (3 marks)

Ans. It is highly desirable that back-up protection be arranged so that anything that might cause primary
protection to fail will not also cause failure of back-up protection. This requirement is completely satisfied only
if the back-up relays are located so that they do not employ or control anything in common with the primary
relays that are to be backed up. (3 marks)
1
QUESTION TWO 4 MARKS

Demonstrate the principle of protection zones in the simple network shown in Figure Q2.1 below.

Figure Q2.1.

Solution:

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