BASIC COMPUTER COURSE

FOR
INDIAN RAILWAYS

BASIC TRAINING CENTRE

CARRIAGE REPAIR WORKSHOP
WESTERN RAILWAY, LOWER PAREL, MUMBAI-400013
 FOREWORD

It is a matter of great pleasure that a comprehensive booklet on Computer Basic

Knowledge is being published by Team Basic Training Centre.
This booklet would be very beneficial to all Workshop staffs who are engaged in record
keeping, E Office, IREPS, GeM etc. as it covers all subjects from functioning of computers to
the internet and major applications in Railways. Besides, the functions and commands of MS
Office — Word, Excel and PowerPoint are also covered in great depth. Knowledge from this
booklet would boost the confidence of all staff who are not habitual or trained on working
with computers.
I congratulate Dy.CME (Production)/PL, Shri. Arun Kumar Singh, WM (Repair) Shri
Vishal Yadav WM(R)/PL for leading Team BTC/PL in publishing this booklet on computer
basic knowledge and also posting it on the website of the Workshop.

Tarun Huria
CWM/PL
 PREFACE

I’m happy that team BTC/PL prepared a booklet on computer basic knowledge with
enthusiasm and great care and sincerely.
The topic covered in the booklet such as Basic Computer, Internet, MS office, Google-
office, E-Dak, IREPS, is very helpful to Railway staff in day to day working and will surely
increase learning and efficiency of our staffs.
I congratulate dedicated team of Shri. Prashant Deshmukh, Shri. Santosh Ramdhave and
Shri. Govardhan S for design, easy language and various appropriate step wise
demonstrations of commands and operations and timely compilation of course topics in this
booklet.
I wish all the success to team BTC for many more adventures in future.

Vishal Yadav
WM(R)/PL
 INDEX
S No. Topics Page No
Chapter I
1 What is Computer 01
2 Parts of computer and their function 01
Chapter II
3 Working of computer 08
4 Getting Started 08
5 OS 09
6 Install/Uninstall Basic Software 09
Chapter III
7 MS Word 16
8 MS Excel 31
9 MS PowerPoint 51
Chapter IV
10 Google Chrome 61
11 G-Mail 61
12 Google Docs 70
13 Google Form 72
14 Google Sheet 77
Chapter V
15 DSC Setup 81
16 Digital Signing in PDF 82
17 E-Office 85
18 RDSO 87
19 Camtech 88
20 GeM 88
21 WR Intranet 88
22 E-Dak 89
23 IREPS 89
24 Useful Railway sites 97
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Chapter 1
What is a computer?
A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information, or data. It has the
ability to store, retrieve, and process data. You may already know that you can use a
computer to type documents, send email, play games, and browse the Web. You can also
use it to edit or create spreadsheets, presentations, and even videos.
Before we talk about different types of computers, let's talk about two things all computers
have in common: hardware and software.

Software is any set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do and how to do it.

Examples of software include web browsers, games, and MS Office software’s.
What are the different types of computers?
When most people hear the word computer, they think of a personal computer such as
a desktop or laptop. However, computers come in many shapes and sizes, and they perform
many different functions in our daily lives. When you withdraw cash from an ATM, scan
groceries at the store, or use a calculator, you're using a type of computer.

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 Desktop Computers:

Many people use desktop computers at work,

home, and school. Desktop computers are
designed to be placed on a desk, and they're
typically made up of a few different parts,
including the computer case, monitor, keyboard,
and mouse.

 Laptops:

The second type of computer you may be familiar

with is a laptop computer, commonly called a laptop.
Laptops are battery-powered computers that
are more portable than desktops, allowing you to
use them almost anywhere.

 Tablet Computers:

Tablet computers or tablets are handheld

computers that are even more portable than
laptops. Instead of a keyboard and mouse,
tablets use a touch-sensitive screen for typing
and navigation. The iPad is an example of a
tablet
PARTS OF COMPUTER AND THEIR FUNCTION

1. CPU(Central Processing Unit):

A central processing unit (CPU), also called a

central processor, main processor or just
processor, is the electronic circuitry that executes
instructions comprising a computer program. The
CPU performs basic arithmetic, logic, controlling,
and input/output (I/O) operations specified by
the instructions in the program

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2. HARD DISK:

The hard drive is where your software, documents, and other files are stored. The
hard drive is long-term storage, which means the data is still saved even if you turn the
computer off or unplug it.
When you run a program or open a file, the computer copies some of the data from
the hard drive onto the RAM. When you save a file, the data is copied back to the hard drive.
The faster the hard drive, the faster your computer can start up and load programs.

There are mainly two types Hard disks:

 HDD(Hard Disk Drive):

A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive, or fixed

disk is an electro-mechanical data storage device that
stores and retrieves digital data using magnetic
storage and one or more rigid rapidly rotating platters
coated with magnetic material.

 SSD(Solid State Drive):

A solid-state drive (SSD) is a new generation of storage

device used in computers. SSDs replace traditional
mechanical hard disks by using flash-based memory,
which is significantly faster. ... SSDs speed up
computers significantly due to their low read-access
times and fast throughputs.

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3. MONITOR:

A computer monitor is an output device that

displays information in pictorial form.

4. MOUSE:

A computer mouse is an input device that is

used with a computer. Moving a mouse along a
flat surface can move the cursor to different
items on the screen. Items can be moved or
selected by pressing the mouse buttons (called
clicking).

5. KEYBOARD:

A computer keyboard is an input device that

allows a person to enter letters, numbers, and
other symbols (these are called characters in
a keyboard) into a computer.

6. RAM:

RAM (Random Access Memory) is the

hardware location in a computer where the.
Operating system, application programs, and
data in current use are kept so that they can.
be quickly reached by the computer's
processor. It is in different capacity E.g.: @
2GB, 4 GB, and 8 GB up to 256GB. Minimum
4GB ram needed for basic operations.

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7. CD-DRIVE:

An optical disc drives that reads and writes all

common CD and DVD formats. All modern optical
drives that come with personal
computers are CD/DVD drives.

8. PRINTER:

A printer is an output device that prints paper

documents. This includes text documents, images, or
a combination of both using command Ctrl+P. We
also use this as a copier machine

9. SCANNER:

A scanner is an input device that scans documents

such as photographs and pages of text. What is scan?

10. AUDIO OUTPUT

The term "audio output device" refers to any device that attaches to a computer for
the purpose of playing sound, such as music or speech. Using 3.5mm audio jack, Bluetooth
Speakers and Headphones.

11. USB(Universal Serial Bus) Devices:

USB devices are the devices that can connect to a computer through USB ports. E.g.:
Pen drive, Card reader, External Hard Drives, Webcams etc.

12. PORTABLE HARD DISK:

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An external hard drive is a portable storage

device that can be attached to a computer
through a USB or wirelessly. External hard drives
typically have high storage capacities and are
often used to back up computers or serve as a
network drive.

13. BLUETOOTH:
Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology standard used for exchanging data
between mobile devices, Laptops, Bluetooth speakers, Bluetooth mouse & keyboard over
short distances.
How to connect to Bluetooth on PC?
On your PC, select Start> Settings >Devices > Bluetooth & other devices >
Add Bluetooth or other device > Bluetooth. Choose the device and follow additional
instructions if they appear, then select Done.

15.) Projector:

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A device that is used to project rays of light,

especially an apparatus with a system of lenses for
projecting slides or film on to a screen. It is most
commonly used with Power Point presentation for
education purpose.

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Chapter 2
WORKING OF COMPUTER

1.) Power On-Off And getting started.

Power On:

(Ensure that all accessories are connected properly on CPU)

Step 1: Find the ‘on’ button on CPU.

Step 2: Press the button. On some computers, the button lights up when the computer is on.

Shut Down (Power Off):

Step 1: Click on the 'Start' button.

Step 2: Click on the 'Shut down' button.

Step 3: Wait for the screen to turn blank, and then turn off the monitor and electricity.

Getting started with your first computer:

 You interact with a computer mainly by using the keyboard and mouse, or a trackpad on

laptops. Learning to use these devices is essential to learning to use a computer. Most
people find it comfortable to place the keyboard on the desk directly in front of them and
the mouse to one side of the keyboard.
 The mouse controls the pointer on the screen. Whenever you move the mouse across the
desk, the pointer will move in a similar manner. A mouse usually has two buttons, which are
referred to as the left button and the right button. You will often interact with the computer
by moving the mouse pointer over something on the computer screen, then clicking one of
the buttons.

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2.) Operating System.

What is an operating system?

An operating system is the most important software that runs on a computer. It manages
the computer's memory and processes, as well as all of its software and hardware. It also allows you
to communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the computer's language.
Without an operating system, a computer is useless.

Types of operating systems:

Operating systems usually come pre-loaded on any computer you buy. Most people use the
operating system that comes with their computer, but it's possible to upgrade or even change
operating systems. The three most common operating systems for personal computers are Microsoft
Windows, macOS, and Linux.

3.) Installing/Uninstalling basic software:

Your computer allows you to do some really amazing things. Digital photo editing, e-mail, video
streaming, typing documents of these things are possible because of different types of software.
Developers are always creating new software applications, which allow you to do even more with
your computer. Some of the basic softwares are given below:

1. Adobe Reader: It is used to view and open PDF documents.

 Go to the Adobe Acrobat Reader download page and click Install now.

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 When the Opening dialog box appears, click Save File.

 Press Ctrl+J to open the download Library. When the download Library window
appears, double-click the .exe file for Reader.

 If prompted to open the executable file, click OK.

 When you see the confirmation message that the installation is complete, click
Finish

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2. Browsers:
A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is application software for
accessing the World Wide Web. When a user requests a web page from a particular website,
the web browser retrieves the necessary content from a web server and then displays the
page on the user's device. The top browsers are Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and
Internet Explorer.
Steps to install Google Chrome: (Internet Explorer/Microsoft Edge is preinstalled)
 Open any web browser such as Microsoft Edge, type “google.com/chrome” into the
address bar, and then press the Enter key. Click Download Chrome > Accept and
Install > Save File.

 Go to “Downloads” folder and open Chromesetup.exe by double clicking mouse.

.
 After the setup file is run,Google Chrome online setup will then be downloaded and
all you need to do is wait for the browser to be completely downloaded and
installed.

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3. Microsoft Office:
It is a popular set of software programs from Microsoft that includes a word
processor, a spreadsheet tool, a database program, an email utility and other
productivity software commonly used in modern offices.
 Go to http://www.office.com/myaccount/. (If purchased) Click Install >. Your Office
setup file will begin downloading.
 In the folder that opens, double click on the file setup.exe.

 Click Continue > then Install.

 Wait while the program is installed and once the installation is complete, click
close.

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4. JAVA:
One of the most widely used programming languages, Java is used as the server-side
language for most back-end development projects, including those involving big data and
Android development. Java is also commonly used for desktop computing, DSC Signing, PKI
Server, and numerical computing.
 Go to https://www.java.com/en/download/. And click download.

 Go to “Downloads” folder and open java setup by double clicking with mouse. And
click next.

 After the setup file is run, wait for it to install and once it completed click close.

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What is a file?
Just as words can be written to paper, so can data be written to a computer file. Files can be
edited and transferred through the Internet on that particular computer system.

What is a folder?
A folder holds one or more files, and a folder can be empty until it is filled. A folder can also
contain other folders, and there can be many levels of folders within folders.

POPULAR COMPUTER SHORTCUTS:

List of basic computer shortcut keys:

Alt + F--File menu options in the current program.
Alt + E--Edits options in the current program.
F1--Universal help (for any sort of program).
Ctrl + A--Selects all text.
Ctrl + X--Cuts the selected item.
Ctrl + Del--Cut selected item.
Ctrl + C--Copy the selected item.
Ctrl + V--Paste the selected item.
Home -- Takes the user to the beginning of the current line.
Ctrl + Home--Go to the beginning of the document.
End -- Go to the end of the current line.
Ctrl + End -- Go to the end of a document.
Shift + Home -- Highlight from current position to beginning of the line.
Shift + End -- Highlight from current position to end of the line.
Ctrl + (Left arrow) -- Move one word to the left at a time.
Ctrl + (Right arrow) -- Move one word to the right at a time.
Alt + Tab – For multitasking
Windows Key + Print Screen – For screenshot

MS Office shortcut keys:

Ctrl + A -- Select all contents of the page.
Ctrl + B -- Bold highlighted selection.

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Ctrl + C -- Copy selected text.

Ctrl + X -- Cut selected text.
Ctrl + N -- Open new/blank document.
Ctrl + O -- Open options.
Ctrl + P -- Open the print window.
Ctrl + F -- Open find box.
Ctrl + I -- Italicise highlighted selection.
Ctrl + K -- Insert link.
Ctrl + U -- Underline highlighted selection.
Ctrl + V -- Paste.
Ctrl + Y -- Redo the last action performed.
Ctrl + Z -- Undo last action.
Ctrl + G -- Find and replace options.
Ctrl + H -- Find and replace options.
Ctrl + J -- Justify paragraph alignment.
Ctrl + L -- Align selected text or line to the left.
Ctrl + Q -- Align selected paragraph to the left.
Ctrl + E -- Align selected text or line to the center.
Ctrl + R -- Align selected text or line to the right.
Ctrl + M -- Indent the paragraph.
Ctrl + T -- Hanging indent.
Ctrl + D -- Font options.
Ctrl + Shift + F -- Change the font.
Ctrl + Shift + > -- Increase selected font +1.
Ctrl + ] -- Increase selected font +1.
Ctrl + [ -- Decrease selected font -1.

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Chapter 3
Microsoft Office

1.) MS WORD

Microsoft Word is a word processing application that allows you to create a variety

of documents, including letters, resumes, and more. In this lesson, you'll learn how to navigate the
Word interface and become familiar with some of its most important features, such as
the Ribbon, Quick Access Toolbar, and Backstage view.

When you open Word for the first time, the Start Screen will appear. From here, you'll be able to
create a new document, choose a template, and access your recently edited documents. From
the Start Screen, locate and select Blank document to access the Word interface.

The Ribbon

Word uses a tabbed Ribbon system instead of traditional menus. The Ribbon contains multiple tabs,

which you can find near the top of the Word window.

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To open an existing document:

In addition to creating new documents, you'll often need to open a document that was previously
saved. To learn more about saving documents, visit our lesson on Saving and Sharing Documents.
1. Navigate to File View, then click Open.

2. Select This PC, then click Browse.

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3. The Open dialog box will appear. Locate and select your document, then click Open.

4. The selected document will appear.

Save and Save As:

Word offers two ways to save a file: Save and Save As. These options work in similar ways,
with a few important differences.

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 Save: When you create or edit a document, you'll use the Save command to save
your changes. You'll use this command most of the time. When you save a file,
you'll only need to choose a file name and location the first time. After that, you can
click the Save command to save it with the same name and location.
 Save As: You'll use this command to create a copy of a document while keeping the
original. When you use Save As, you'll need to choose a different name and/or
location for the copied version.

To save document as a PDF file:

Exporting your document as an Adobe Acrobat document, commonly known as a PDF file, can be
especially useful if you're sharing a document with someone who does not have Word. A PDF file will
make it possible for recipients to view—but not edit—the content of your document.

1. Click the File tab to access Backstage view, choose Export, then select Create PDF

2. The Save As dialog box will appear. Select the location where you want to export the
document, enter a file name, then click Publish.

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If Save as PDF not available in your PC. You have to download “Save as PDF” from Internet
from this link:

https://filehippo.com/download_2007_microsoft_office_add_in_microsoft_save_as_pdf_or
_xps/

Copy, Paste and Delete:

Before you can move or format text, you'll need to select it. To do this, click and drag your
mouse over the text, then release the mouse. A highlighted box will appear over the selected text.

You can also cut, copy, and paste by right-clicking your document and choosing the desired action
from the drop-down menu.

 CTRL + C = COPY
 CTRL + V = PASTE
 CTRL + Z = UNDO
 CTRL + Y = REDO

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Select the text with cursor and cut/copy the desired text and go to desired place in
document and paste the selected text by right clicking the mouse.

To Delete:
 Place the cursor next to the text then press Backspace key.
 Place the cursor to the left of the text then press Delete key.
 Select the text and press the Backspace or Delete key.
 Select the text and type over it the new text.

Undo and Redo:

Let's say you're working on a document and accidentally delete some text. Fortunately, you
won't have to retype everything you just deleted! Word allows you to  undo your most recent action
when you make a mistake like this.

Press Ctrl+Z on your keyboard. You can continue using this command to undo multiple changes in a
row.

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By contrast, the Redo command allows you to reverse the last undo. You can also access this
command by pressing Ctrl+Y on your keyboard.

To change the font size/font/font colour:

Select the text you want to modify.

On the Home tab, click the Font Size/Font/Font color drop-down arrow. Select a font size from the
menu. If the font size you need is not available in the menu, you can click the Font Size box
and type the desired size, and then press Enter.

To use the Bold, Italic, and Underline commands:

The Bold, Italic, and Underline commands can be used to help draw attention to important words or
phrases.

On the Home tab, click the Bold (B), Italic (I), or Underline (U) command in the Font group. In our
example, we'll click Bold/ Italic/ Underline

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To change text case:

When you need to quickly change text case, you can use the Change Case command instead of
deleting and retyping text.

To highlight text:

From the Home tab, click the Text Highlight Color drop-down arrow. The Highlight Color menu

appears.

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To remove highlighting, select the highlighted text, then click the Text Highlight Color drop-down
arrow. Select No Color from the drop-down menu.

To change text alignment:

By default, Word aligns text to the left margin in new documents. However, there may be times
when you want to adjust text alignment to the center or right.

Select the text you want to modify.

On the Home tab, select one of the four alignment options from the Paragraph group. In our

example, we've selected Centre Alignment.

Printing Documents:
Once you've created your document, you may want to print it to view and share your
work offline. It's easy to preview and print a document in Word using the Print pane.

To access the Print pane:

1. Select the File tab. Backstage view will appear.

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2. Select Print. The Print pane will appear.

Click the Print button..

You can also access the Print pane by pressing Ctrl+P on your keyboard.

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Create a header or footer:

In our example, we want to display the author's name at the top of each page, so we'll place it in the
header.

1. Double-click anywhere on the top or bottom margin of your document. In our

example, we'll double-click the top margin.

2. The header or footer will open, and a Design tab will appear on the right side of
the Ribbon. The insertion point will appear in the header or footer.

3. Type the desired information into the header or footer. In our example, we'll type
the author's name and the date.

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4. When you're finished, click Close Header and Footer. You can also press the Esc key.

5. The header or footer text will appear.

Hindi Typing:
We can type and draft letters and documents in “Hindi” as well as any language by using
Microsoft Input Tool. Microsoft Indic Language Input Tool helps you enter Indian language text easily
into any Microsoft Windows applications.

 Go to https://www.microsoft.com/en-in/bhashaindia/downloads.aspx to download
Microsoft Indic Language Input Tool.

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 Open Hindi setup from Hindi.zip package.

 Open the setup and install.

 Once it installed we can type in Hindi by changing the below option.

 After that Change to Hindi Indic Input

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 Now you are ready to use

Tables:
A table is a grid of cells arranged in rows and columns. Tables can be used to organize any
type of content, whether you're working with text or numerical data.
https://youtu.be/XNBrCEgzddw

Watch the above video

 Place the cursor point where you want the table to appear.
 Navigate to the Insert tab, then click the Table command

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 Select the number of columns and rows you want.

To add a row or column:

 The table where you want to add a row or column. Click the plus sign that appears.

To delete a row or column:

 Right-click, then select Delete Cells from the menu.

 A dialog box will appear. Choose Delete entire row or Delete entire column, then click
OK.
 The row or column will be deleted.

Spelling Check:
Worried about making mistakes when you type? Don't be. Word provides you with several
proofing features including the Spelling and Grammar tool that can help you produce professional,
error-free documents.

To run a Spelling and Grammar check:

 From the Review tab, click the Spelling & Grammar command.

 The Spelling and Grammar pane will appear on the right. For each error in your document,
Word will offer one or more suggestions. Click a suggestion to correct the error.

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 Word will move through each error until you have reviewed all of them. After the last error
has been reviewed, a dialog box will appear confirming that the spelling and grammar check
is complete. Click OK.

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2.) MS EXCEL
Excel is a spreadsheet program that allows you to store, organize, and analyse information.
While you may think Excel is only used by certain people to process complicated data, anyone can
learn how to take advantage of the program's powerful features. Whether you're keeping a budget,
organizing a training log, or creating an invoice, Excel makes it easy to work with different types of
data.

(Note: All type of formatting in MS Word is applicable here the same.)

CELLS:
Every worksheet is made up of thousands of rectangles, which are called cells. A cell is the
intersection of a row and a column. In other words, it's where a row and column meet. Here
it is C5

Selection of Rows and column:

You can also select multiple cells at the same time. A group of cells is known as a cell
range. Rather than a single cell address, you will refer to a cell range using the cell addresses
of the first and last cells in the cell range, separated by a colon. For example, a cell range
that included cells A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 would be written as A1:A5. Take a look at the
different cell ranges below:

Cell range A1:A8

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Cell range A1:F8

BORDER:
1. Select the cell(s) you want to modify.

2. On the Home tab, click the drop-down arrow next to the Borders command, then

select the border style you want to use. In our example, we'll choose to display All
Borders.

3. The selected border style will appear.

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FORMAT PAINTER:

The format painter lets you copy all of the formatting from one object and apply it to
another one – think of it as copying and pasting for formatting. Select the text or graphic that has the
formatting that you want to copy.

Watch the following video for format painter

https://youtu.be/LHSJJvkVrvA

 Select the text or graphic that has the formatting that you want to copy.
 On the Home tab, click Format Painter.

 Use the brush to paint over a selection of text or graphics to apply the formatting. This only
works once. To change the format of multiple selections in your document, you must first
double-click Format Painter.

APPLICATION OF FORMULAS:

One of the most powerful features in Excel is the ability to calculate numerical information
using formulas. Just like a calculator, Excel can add, subtract, multiply, and divide. In this lesson, we'll
show you how to use cell references to create simple formulas.

Watch the following video:

https://youtu.be/xc14gFFyiTw

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TO CREATE A FORMULA:

In our example below, we'll use a simple formula and cell references to calculate a budget.

1. Select the cell that will contain the formula. In our example, we'll select cell D12.

2. Type the equals sign (=). Notice how it appears in both the cell and the formula bar.

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3. Type the cell address of the cell you want to reference first in the formula:
cell D10 in our example. A blue border will appear around the referenced cell.

4. Type the mathematical operator you want to use. In our example, we'll type

the addition sign (+).
5. Type the cell address of the cell you want to reference second in the formula:
cell D11 in our example. A red border will appear around the referenced cell.

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6. Press Enter on your keyboard. The formula will be calculated, and the value will be

displayed in the cell. If you select the cell again, notice that the cell displays the
result, while the formula bar displays the formula.

COUNT FUNCTION:

In the example below, we'll use the COUNTA function to count the total number of items in
the Items column. Unlike COUNT, COUNTA can be used to tally cells that contain data of any kind,
not just numerical data.

1. Select the cell that will contain the function. In our example, we'll select cell B17.

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2. Click the Formulas tab on the Ribbon to access the Function Library.

3. From the Function Library group, select the desired function category. In our
example, we'll choose More Functions, then hover the mouse over Statistical.

4. Select the desired function from the drop-down menu. In our example, we'll select
the COUNTA function, which will count the number of cells in the Items column
that are not empty.

5. The Function Arguments dialog box will appear. Select the Value1 field, then enter

or select the desired cells. In our example, we'll enter the cell range A3:A12. You
can continue to add arguments in the Value2 field, but in this case we only want to
count the number of cells in the cell range A3:A12.

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6. When you're satisfied, click OK.

7. The function will be calculated, and the result will appear in the cell. In our
example, the result shows that 10 items were ordered.

WARP TEXT:

1. In a worksheet, select the cells that you want to format.

2. On the Home tab, in the Alignment group, click Wrap Text. (On Excel for desktop, you can
also select the cell, and then press Alt + H + W.)

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PIVOT TABLE:
Create a PivotTable to analyse worksheet data

A PivotTable is a powerful tool to calculate, summarize, and analyse data that lets you see
comparisons, patterns, and trends in your data.

Create a PivotTable

1. Select the cells you want to create a PivotTable from.

Note:  Your data shouldn't have any empty rows or columns. It must have only a single-row heading.

2. Select Insert > PivotTable.

       

3. Under Choose the data that you want to analyse, select a table or range. 

       

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4. In Table/Range, verify the cell range.

5. Under Choose where you want the PivotTable report to be placed, select New

worksheet to place the PivotTable in a new worksheet or Existing worksheet and then select the
location you want the PivotTable to appear.

6. Select OK.

Building out your PivotTable

1. To add a field to your PivotTable, select the field name checkbox in the PivotTables Fields pane.

Note: Selected fields are added to their default areas: non-numeric fields are added to  Rows, date
and  time hierarchies are added to Columns, and numeric fields are added to Values.

2. To move a field from one area to another, drag the field to the target area.

CHARTS:

1. Select the data you want to use for your chart.

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2. Click Insert > Recommended Charts.

3. On the Recommended Charts tab, scroll through the list of charts that Excel recommends
for your data, and click any chart to see how your data will look.

Tip: If you don’t see a chart you like, click All Charts to see all available chart types.

4. When you find the chart you like, click it > OK.

5. Use the Chart Elements, Chart Styles, and Chart Filters buttons next to the upper-right

corner of the chart to add chart elements like axis titles or data labels.

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6. To access additional design and formatting features, click anywhere in the chart to add
the Chart Tools to the ribbon, and then click the options you want on
the Design and Format tabs.

VLOOKUP:

Basically, VLOOKUP lets you search for specific information in your spreadsheet. For example, if you
have a list of products with prices, you could search for the price of a specific item.

https://youtu.be/aJXgqNhRWMM

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We'll add our formula to cell F2, but you can add it to any blank cell. As with any formula, you'll start
with an equals sign (=). Then type the formula name. Our arguments will need to be in parentheses,
so type an open parenthesis. So far, it should look like this:

=VLOOKUP(

Adding the arguments

Now, we'll add our arguments. The arguments will tell VLOOKUP what to search for and where to
search.

The first argument is the name of the item you're searching for, which in this case is Photo frame.
Because the argument is text, we'll need to put it in double quotes:

=VLOOKUP("Photo frame"

The second argument is the cell range that contains the data. In this example, our data is in A2:B16.
As with any function, you'll need to use a comma to separate each argument:

=VLOOKUP("Photo frame", A2:B16

It's important to know that VLOOKUP will always search the first column in this range. In this
example, it will search column A for "Photo frame". The value that it returns (in this case, the price)
will always need to be to the right of that column.

The third argument is the column index number. It's simpler than it sounds: The first column in the
range is 1, the second column is 2, etc. In this case, we are trying to find the  price of the item, and
the prices are contained in the second column. This means our third argument will be 2:

=VLOOKUP("Photo frame", A2:B16, 2

The fourth argument tells VLOOKUP whether to look for approximate matches, and it can be either
TRUE or FALSE. If it is TRUE, it will look for approximate matches. Generally, this is only useful if the
first column has numerical values that have been sorted. Because we're only looking for exact
matches, the fourth argument should be FALSE. This is our last argument, so go ahead and close the
parentheses:

=VLOOKUP("Photo frame", A2:B16, 2, FALSE)

That's it! When you press Enter, it should give you the answer, which is 9.99.

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How it works

Let's take a look at how this formula works. It first searches vertically down the first column
(VLOOKUP is short for vertical lookup). When it finds "Photo frame", it moves to the second
column to find the price.

As we mentioned earlier, the price needs to be to the right of the item name. VLOOKUP cannot look
to the left of the column that it's searching.

FILTER:

1. In order for filtering to work correctly, your worksheet should include a header row,
which is used to identify the name of each column. In our example, our worksheet

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is organized into different columns identified by the header cells in row

1: ID#, Type, Equipment Detail, and so on.

2. Select the Data tab, then click the Filter command.

3. A drop-down arrow will appear in the header cell for each column.
4. Click the drop-down arrow for the column you want to filter. In our example, we
will filter column B to view only certain types of equipment.

5. The Filter menu will appear.
6. Uncheck the box next to Select All to quickly deselect all data.

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7. Check the boxes next to the data you want to filter, then click OK. In this example,
we will check Laptop and Tablet to view only those types of equipment.

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8. The data will be filtered, temporarily hiding any content that doesn't match the
criteria. In our example, only laptops and tablets are visible.

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SORTING:

To sort a sheet:

In our example, we'll sort a T-shirt order form alphabetically by Last Name (column C).

1. Select a cell in the column you want to sort by. In our example, we'll select cell C2.

2. Select the Data tab on the Ribbon, then click the Ascending command to Sort A to

Z, or the Descending command to Sort Z to A. In our example, we'll click
the Ascending command.

3. The worksheet will be sorted by the selected column. In our example, the
worksheet is now sorted by last name.

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To create a custom sort:

In our example below, we want to sort the worksheet by T-Shirt Size (column D). A regular sort
would organize the sizes alphabetically, which would be incorrect. Instead, we'll create a custom list
to sort from smallest to largest.

1. Select a cell in the column you want to sort by. In our example, we'll select cell D2.

2. Select the Data tab, then click the Sort command.

3. The Sort dialog box will appear. Select the column you want to sort by, then
choose Custom List... from the Order field. In our example, we will choose to sort
by T-Shirt Size.

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4. The Custom Lists dialog box will appear. Select NEW LIST from the Custom

Lists: box.
5. Type the items in the desired custom order in the List entries: box. In our example,
we want to sort our data by T-shirt size from smallest to largest, so we'll
type Small, Medium, Large, and X-Large, pressing Enter on the keyboard after each
item.

6. Click Add to save the new sort order. The new list will be added to the Custom
lists: box. Make sure the new list is selected, then click OK.

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7. The Custom Lists dialog box will close. Click OK in the Sort dialog box to perform the
custom sort.

8. The worksheet will be sorted by the custom order. In our example, the worksheet is
now organized by T-shirt size from smallest to largest.

LINKING OF DATA:
Watch the following video:

https://youtu.be/rDMfksI3n7M

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3.) MS POWER POINT

PowerPoint 2013 is presentation software that allows you to create dynamic slide
presentations. Slideshows can include animation, narration, images, videos, and much more.

SLIDE NUMBERING

1. On the View tab, in the Presentation Views group, click Normal.

2. On the left of your screen, in the pane that contains the slide thumbnails, click the first
slide thumbnail in your presentation.
3. On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click Header & Footer.

4. In the Header and Footer dialog box, do one of the following:

 If you want to add slide numbers, click the Slide tab, and then select the Slide
number check box.
 If you want to add page numbers to notes, click the Notes and Handouts tab, and then
select the Page number check box.

5. If you want to add page numbers to all of the slides or notes pages in your presentation,
click Apply to All.

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THEMES:

Every PowerPoint theme—including the default Office theme—has its own theme elements. Those
elements are:

 Theme Colors: There are 10 theme colors, along with darker and lighter variations,
available from every Color menu.

 Theme Fonts: There are two theme fonts available at the top of the Font menu

under Theme Fonts.

 Theme Effects: These affect the preset shape styles. You can find shape styles on
the Format tab whenever you select a shape or SmartArt graphic.

Why use themes?

If you're using a theme, you'll probably find that your presentation looks pretty good. All of the
colors will work well together, which means you won't have to spend as much time formatting your
presentation. But there's another great reason to use theme elements: When you switch to a

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different theme, all of these elements will update to reflect the new theme. You can drastically
change the look of your presentation in a few clicks.

In our examples above, you can see the effect of applying different themes to the same slide—each
theme uses its own fonts and colors. But you may have also noticed that the font and colors of the
logo in the bottom-right remained unchanged: This is because they're Standard
Colors and Fonts rather than theme elements. Colors and fonts will only update if you're
using Theme Fonts or Theme Colors.

Themes and slide layouts

As you can see from the two different Title Slides above, themes can also change various slide
layouts. Some themes, like the Wisp theme in the example below, even include additional layouts.

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If you use a unique slide layout—such as Quote with Caption or Name Card—and then switch to a

theme that does not include that layout, it may give unexpected results.

Applying themes

All themes included in PowerPoint are located in the Themes group on the Design tab. Themes can
be applied or changed at any time.

To apply a theme:

1. Select the Design tab on the Ribbon, then locate the Themes group. Each image

represents a theme.
2. Click the More drop-down arrow to see all available themes.

3. Select the desired theme.

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4. The theme will be applied to the entire presentation. To apply a different theme,

simply select it from the Design tab.

Once you've applied a theme, you can also select a variant for that theme from the Variants group.
Variants use different theme colors while preserving a theme's overall look. Some variants also use
different textures, as in the example below.

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TRANSITIONS EFFECTS:

To preview a transition:

You can preview the transition for a selected slide at any time using either of these two methods:

 Click the Preview command on the Transitions tab.

 Click the Play Animations command in the Slide Navigation pane.

Modifying transitions

To modify the transition effect:

You can quickly customize the look of a transition by changing its direction.

1. Select the slide with the transition you want to modify.

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2. Click the Effect Options command, and choose the desired option. These options
will vary depending on the selected transition.

3. The transition will be modified, and a preview of the transition will appear.

Some transitions do not allow you to modify the direction.

To modify the transition duration:

1. Select the slide with the transition you want to modify.

2. In the Duration field in the Timing group, enter the desired time for the transition.
In this example, we'll increase the time to two seconds—or 02.00—to make the
transition slower.

To add sound:

1. Select the slide with the transition you want to modify.

2. Click the Sound drop-down menu in the Timing group.
3. Click a sound to apply it to the selected slide, then preview the transition to hear
the sound.

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Sounds are best used in moderation. Applying a sound between every slide could become
overwhelming or even annoying to an audience when presenting your slide show.

To remove a transition:

1. Select the slide with the transition you want to remove.

2. Choose None from the Transition to This Slide group. The transition will be
removed.

To remove transitions from all slides, apply the None transition to a slide, then click the Apply to
All command.

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INSERT VIDEOS:

To insert a video from a file:

1. From the Insert tab, click the Video drop-down arrow, then select Video on My PC.

2. Locate and select the desired video file, then click Insert.

3. The video will be added to the slide.

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To insert an online video:

Some websites like YouTube allow you to embed videos into your slides. An embedded video will
still be hosted on its original website, meaning the video itself won't be added to your file.
Embedding can be a convenient way to reduce the file size of your presentation, but you'll also need
to be connected to the Internet for the video to play.

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Chapter 4
Google Services
1.) GOOGLE CHROME:
Google Chrome is a cross-platform web browser developed by Google. It was first released
in 2008 for Microsoft Windows.

It’s the fastest and stable browser also Google applications like Gmail, Google sheets, Google
forms and Google docs works perfectly in Google chrome.

2.) G-MAIL:
Gmail is a free email service developed by Google, we can send receives easily with
Gmail and its very user friendly. Mainly we need a Gmail id to start using its service.

To create an account:

1. Go to www.gmail.com.
2. Click Create account.

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3. The signup form will appear. Follow the directions and enter the required information.

Password must contains at least one Capital letter, Small letter, Character, Numerical and
more than 8 characters

4. Review Google's Terms of Service and Privacy Policy, click the check box, then click Next
step.

5. Here, you'll have an opportunity to set up recovery options. Recovery options are helpful if
you forget your password or if someone tries to access your account. If you don't want to
set up recovery options at this time, click Done.

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6. Your account will be created, and the Google welcome page will appear.

To sign in:

1. Go to www.gmail.com.
2. Type your user name (your email address) and password, then click Sign in.

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To sign out:

In the top-right corner of the page, locate the circle that has your first initial (if you've already
selected an avatar image, it will show the image instead). To sign out, click the circle and
select Sign out.

Sending Email

When you write an email, you'll be using the compose window. This is where you'll add the email
address of the recipient(s), the subject, and the body of the email, which is the message itself. You'll
also be able to add various types of text formatting, as well as one or more attachments. If you
want, you can even create a signature that will be added to the end of every email you send.

To send an email:
1. In the left menu pane, click the Compose button.

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2. The compose window will appear in the lower-right corner of the page.

3. You'll need to add one or more recipients to the To: field. You can do this by typing
one or more email addresses, separated by commas, or you can click To to select
recipients from your contacts, then click select.

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4. Type a subject for the message.

5. In the body field, type your message. When you're done, click Send.

If the person you are emailing is already one of your contacts, you can start typing that person's  first
name, last name, or email address, and Gmail will display the contact below the To: field. You can
then press the Enter key to add the person to the To: field.

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To add an attachment:
1. While composing an email, click the paper clip icon at the bottom of the compose
window.

2. A file upload dialog box will appear. Choose the file you want to attach, then
click Open.

3. The attachment will begin to upload. Most attachments will upload within a few
seconds, but larger ones can take longer.

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4. When you're ready to send your email, click Send.

To reply to an email message:

1. First open the received email then:

2. Type your message in the Body field, then click Send.

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To forward an email message:

1. While viewing the message, click forward at the bottom of the message. You can
also select forward from the more drop-down menu next to the Reply arrow.

2. Type your message in the Body field, then click Send.

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3.) GOOGLE DOCS

To create a new file:

1. From Google Drive, locate and select the New button, then choose the type of file
you want to create. In our example, we'll select Google Docs to create a
new document.

CREATING NEW FILES

Google Drive gives you access to a suite of tools that allows you to create and edit a variety of files,
including documents, spreadsheets, and presentations. There are five types of files you can create
on Google Drive:

  Documents: For composing letters, flyers, essays, and other text-based files

(similar to Microsoft Word documents)

  Spreadsheets: For storing and organizing information (similar to Microsoft Excel

workbooks)

  Presentations: For creating slideshows (similar to Microsoft PowerPoint

presentations)

  Forms: For collecting and organizing data

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2. Your new file will appear in a new tab on your browser. Locate and select Untitled
document in the upper-left corner.

3. The Rename dialog box will appear. Type a name for your file, then click OK.

4. Your file will be renamed. You can access the file at any time from your Google
Drive, where it will be saved automatically. Simply double-click to open the file
again.

You may notice that there is no Save button for your files. This is because Google Drive
uses autosave, which automatically and immediately saves your files as you edit them.

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4.) GOOGLE FORMS

Google Forms allows you to create and edit a variety of forms, either from scratch or by using
a template. We'll go over how to create your own forms, the various types of questions you can use,
and how to store and access any responses you receive. 

Creating simple forms

In this lesson, we'll start with creating a blank form. On the Google Forms homepage, simply click
the Blank form button.

From here, you'll be able to create and edit your form. When you click the untitled question, you'll
notice that a few options appear. Let's take a closer look at this interface.

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SENDING FORMS:

Once you've created your form and chosen the correct settings, you're ready to send it off! To get
started with this process, click the Send button in the upper-right corner of the screen.

This will bring up the Send form menu. Before sending your form, you'll need to decide how to send
it out. Google Forms allows you to share your forms via email, direct link, embedding, and social
media sites.

Which one you choose depends on several factors, including who your audience is and what you're
using the form for. Let's take a look at the various options and how to use them.

No matter which method you choose, there will be an option to Collect email addresses at the top
of the menu. If you turn this on, your respondents will be required to provide their email address.
This can be helpful if you want to contact them in the future.

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SENDING YOUR FORM VIA EMAIL:

If you have email addresses for everyone you'd like to send the form to, email is probably the easiest
method. Simply enter all of the information in the form shown below and click Send.

If you check Include form in email, Google Forms will include your form in the email itself, rather
than providing a link to it. This could come in handy if your form is fairly short or if you'd like your
recipients to respond quickly.

Sharing your form with a link

Instead of using email, Google Forms can create a link to your form that you can share wherever.
When someone clicks the link, they will be taken directly to your form. 

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This method can be helpful if you don't know the email addresses for some of the people you'd like
to send the form to. You could instead send it through a text or messaging app.

RESPONSES:

Once you've shared your form with others, it's just a matter of waiting to hear back from
them. Depending on your form, you may end up needing to organize or analyse these responses.
We'll go over how to do this in our next lesson.

Organizing and analysing responses

After you've sent your form, it's only a matter of time before people start responding. To access
these responses, simply open your form and click the Responses tab. Here, you'll find the results
from everyone who's responded so far, along with several options.

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Using Google Sheets to organize your results

Although all of your responses can be accessed within the form itself, there may be times when it's
difficult to sort through and analyse everything. Luckily, Google Forms gives you the ability to store
and organize your results in a spreadsheet with Google Sheets.

To do so, click the Create Spreadsheet icon.

This will bring up a menu where you can choose to either create a new spreadsheet or Select
existing spreadsheet. For this example, we'll create a new one.

This automatically creates a spreadsheet and opens it in a new tab. Each row features the responses
from each respondent, and each column features a question from your form.

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4.) GOOGLE SHEETS:

Google Sheets is a spreadsheet program included as part of the free, web-based
Google Docs Editors suite offered by Google. Every equations and functions in MS Excel will
work here the same.

To create a new Google spreadsheet:

1. While viewing your Google Drive, click New and select Google Sheets from the

drop-down menu.

2. The spreadsheet will appear in a new browser tab.

3. To name your spreadsheet, locate and select Untitled spreadsheet at the top of the
page. Type a name for your spreadsheet, and then press Enter on your keyboard.

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4. Your spreadsheet will be renamed.

You may notice that there is no save button. This is because Google Drive uses  autosave, which
automatically and immediately saves your files as you edit them.

The Google Sheets interface

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In order to use and edit spreadsheets, you will need to become familiar with the Google
Sheets interface.

Click the buttons in the interactive below to learn more about the Google Sheets interface.

SHARING GOOGLE SHEET:

This method is also applicable to Google Docs and Google Presentation

To share a link:

1. Open the file you want to share, then click the Share button.

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2. Add the recipients email address. Also we can share with them with a link

3. A link to the file will be copied to your web clipboard. You can then paste the
link in an email message or on the Web to share the file. When you're
finished, click Done.

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Chapter 5
Internet
1.) LAN:
A local area network is a computer network that interconnects computers within a
limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university campus or office building. By
contrast, a wide area network not only covers a larger geographic distance, but also
generally involves leased telecommunication circuits.
2.) WI-FI:
WIFI is a facility allowing computers, smartphones, or other devices to connect to
the internet or communicate with one another wirelessly within a particular area.

Wi-Fi Logo.

3.) DSC SETUP:

Digital Signature Certificates (DSC) are the digital equivalent (that is electronic format) of physical or
paper certificates. ... Certificates serve as proof of identity of an individual for a certain purpose; for
example, a driver's license identifies someone who can legally drive in a particular country.

 Connect DSC to the computer and open it.

 After opening DSC, Run WD_PROXKey.exe

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 Wait for installation to complete.

4.) DIGITAL SIGNING IN PDF:

 Open the desired PDF with Adobe Reader.

 Select “Tools” on top left corner of adobe reader.

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 Then select Certificates Option.

 From this select ‘Digitally Sign’ and select the area where we want to sign.

 Then click Continue.

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 Click ‘Sign’ option and it will prompt to save the document. Save the document.

 After that we have to enter the DSC password for signing.

 Digitally Signed Successfully.

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5.) E-OFFICE:

The E-Office is a cloud enabled software application developed by National

Informatics Centre (NIC), hosted at our data centre at Secunderabad with disaster recovers
at Gurugram. All Zonal Railways are expected to be connected using the application along
with one division of each zone (including entire South Central Railway), eight production
units, Research Design and Standards Organisation, National Academy of Indian Railways
and seven centralized training institutes.
Indian Railways in an active effort to adapting paperless office culture (to save operational
cost and reduce the carbon foot print) and for providing better services to public introduced
NIC e-office.
Watch the following video:
https://youtu.be/xhW_ft0myRc

We can access Western Railways E-Office website by this link:

https://wr.eoffice.railnet.gov.in/

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 E-Office Receipts and Diarise: https://youtu.be/xhW_ft0myRc

 E-Office Drafts: https://youtu.be/MTnvRanBaTI
 E-Office File Creation: https://youtu.be/r4MYADWH-RE
 E-Office Sign a Letter/Draft: https://youtu.be/o29PIZNme_4
 E-Office Green note and Yellow note: https://youtu.be/hu2uw80HAI0

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6.) RDSO (Research Designs & Standards Organisation):

The Research Designs & Standards Organisation (RDSO) is an ISO 9001 research and
development organisation under the Ministry of Railways of government of India, which
functions as a technical adviser and consultant to the Railway Board, the Zonal Railways, the
Railway Production Units, RITES, RailTel and IRCON International in respect of design and
standardization of railway equipment and problems related to railway construction,
operations and maintenance.
https://rdso.indianrailways.gov.in/

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7.) CAMTECH:
With the rapid advancement and development in Railway technology, the need for having a
dedicated and specialized institute to upgrade Indian Railways capability in maintenance of its Assets
has been in consideration for long time.

CAMTECH carries out in depth studies of maintenance problems, identifies and help Zonal
Railways to implement possible solutions, imparts training, prepares Maintenance Manuals,
Handbooks, Technical instructions, guidelines, pamphlets, video films for maintenance of all four
technical departments of IR. This literature is made available both on the CAMTECH website & in the
printed format as well. For dissemination of the information seminars & workshops are organized in
which representatives from all over Indian Railways participate.

https://rdso.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,2,17

8.) GeM:

Government e-Marketplace (GeM) is a one stop portal to facilitate online procurement of

common use Goods & Services required by various Government Departments / Organizations /
PSUs. GeM aims to enhance transparency, efficiency and speed in public procurement.

https://gem.gov.in/

9.) Western Railway Intranet Website:

An intranet is a private network contained within an enterprise that is used to

securely share information and computing resources among employees.

WR Intranet Website: http://10.3.2.55/

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We can access every Zonal, PU’s websites from our Intranet website

10.) E-DAK:
E-DAK is Electronic Dak receipt and dispatch system in our railways.

http://10.3.9.141/

11.) IREPS: Indian Railway E procurement System

IREPS is an official website of Indian Railways for procurement of Materials. The site is
developed by CRIS using the latest technology and security features. The site provides a secure
platform to users for online transactions for procurement and sale. The site caters to requirements
of all 16 Zonal Rlys, and 6 Production Units apart from RCF/RBL, RDSO, NF/Const. and Railtel. Site
can be used for material procurement, Auction of scrap and unserviceable materials by COS of Zonal
Railways and Production Units.

1.) Open https://www.ireps.gov.in/ on your browser (Best experience with Internet Explorer 11
and Mozilla Firefox)and click login then IMMS

2.) Insert Token (DSC) on your PC and enter username and password. Then click login.

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3.) Make sure DSC is attached, Login with DSC.

4.) After that select your DSC and click enter.

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5.) Enter your DSC password and click login.

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6.) IREPS IMMS Homepage.

TENDER SEARCH:
1. Login to IMMS

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2. Click IREPS queries on the ribbon.

3. Then Click NIT Search for Tenders.

PO SEARCH:

1.) Logon to IMMS, and click Depot Ledger.

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2.) Click Depot Queries.

3.) Then Click PO Search, and Enter Case no and date.

4.) Once Search completed click on the first column icon.

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5.) P.O Search Completed.

DRAWING SEARCH:

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1. Login to IMMS

2. Click IREPS queries on the ribbon.

3. Then Click NIT Search and enter Case no and date.

4. Then Click on the download icon the search result.

5. Then click on document attach with tender.

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6. Then Click on the file Eg:3255122.pdf

7. Drawing Search Completed.

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12.) USEFUL RAILWAY WEBSITES:

In these sites we can find like establishment manual, PWAY manual, ACTM, Finance code, Store
codes, Disaster Manuals etc

 Western Railway Intranet Site for quick link to E-Dak, E-office, IREPS, IR Directory, Other
Zonal Railway , Production Unit sites : http://10.3.2.55/

 IR codes & manual : http://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/ -> For IR Personnel

 RDSO : https://rdso.indianrailways.gov.in/

 CAMTECH Publications : https://rdso.indianrailways.gov.in/ -> Directorates-> CAMTECH

 IR Benchmarking reports : http://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/ -> About Indian

Railways -> Railway Board Directorates -> Efficiency & Research

 IR Good Work Portal: http://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/ -> For IR Personnel -> IR

Good Work Portal

 ICF Vendor Directory: https://icf.indianrailways.gov.in/ -> Supplier Information -> Vendor

Directory

 ICF Warranty Portal: https://icf.indianrailways.gov.in/ -> Central Application Portal

 RCF Vendor Directory: https://rcf.indianrailways.gov.in/ -> Vendor & Contractors Corner ->
Vendor Directory

 RCF Warranty Portal: https://rcf.indianrailways.gov.in/ -> Contact Us -> Coach Complaints

 IR Accounts & Finance Portal (AIMS Portal) for ESS, IPAS etc. :
https://www.aims.indianrailways.gov.in/

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