Basic Network Commands:

TCP/IP protocol must be installed on

the system
(Generally it is already installed)
By
Dr C Navaneethan
SITE
DR C NAVANEETHAN SITE
 Basic Network Commands:
(Working with WINDOWS)
1.Ping
2.IPConfig
3.Getmac
4.HostName
5.NSLookUp
6.Tracert
7.Netstat
8.Arp
9.PathPing
10.SystemInfo
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 Basic Network Commands:
(Working with WINDOWS)
1.Test network connection – ping
2.Getting network configuration – ipconfig
3.Getmac- used to display the Media Access Control
(MAC) addresses for each network adapter in the computer.
4.Finding host/domain name and IP address -
hostname
5.Query DNS lookup name – nslookup
6.Traces the route of packets to destination host from our
server – traceroute
7.Network connections, routing tables, interface statistics –
netstat
8.ARP- mapping of IP addresses to MAC addresses
9.Pathping- used to locate spots that have network latency and
network loss.
10.SystemInfo- willDRshow you all
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the specs for your
system
 Basic Network Commands:
(Working with LINUX)

 WHOIS – Lists contact info for an IP or domain

 Getting network configuration – ifconfig
 View user information – finger
 Communicate with other hostname (checking
status of destination host) – telnet
 Reverse lookup – Gets hostname by IP address.

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 Basic Network Commands:
 HOSTNAME : Finding host/domain name and IP
address
The hostname command displays the host name of
the Windows XP computer currently logged into.

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 Basic Network Commands:
 PING : Test network connection – ping

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Ipconfig:
• to display the network settings currently assigned and given
by a network.
• This command can be utilized to verify a network connection
as well as to verify your network settings.

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PATHPING - This utility enables a user to find network
latency and network loss.

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nbtstat - utility that displays protocol statistics and current
TCP/IP connections using NBT.

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NETSTAT - The netstat command is used to display the
TCP/IP network protocol statistics and information

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ARP
Displays and modifies the IP-to-Physical address translation tables
used by address resolution protocol (ARP).

ARP -s inet_addr eth_addr [if_addr]

ARP -d inet_addr [if_addr]
ARP -a [inet_addr] [-N if_addr]

-a Displays current ARP entries by interrogating the current protocol data. If

inet_addr is specified, the IP and Physical addresses for only the specified computer are
displayed. If more than one network interface uses ARP, entries for each ARP table are
displayed.
-g Same as -a
inet_addr Specifies an Internet address.
-N if addr Displays the ARP entries for the network interface specified by if_addr.
-d Deletes the host specified by inet_addr.
-s Adds the host and associates the Internet address inet_addr with the Physical
address eth_addr. The Physical address is given as 6 hexadecimal bytes seperated by hyphens.
The entry is permanent.
eth_addr Specifies a physical address
if_addr If present, this specifies the Internet address of the interface whose address
translation table should be modified. If not present, the first applicable interface will be used.
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nslookup:

Displays information from Domain Name System (DNS) name servers.

Example:
C:\Documents and Settings\sysadm>nslookup itu.dk
Server: ns3.inet.tele.dk
Address: 193.162.153.164

Non-authoritative answer:
Name: itu.dk
Address: 130.226.133.2

NOTE :If you write the command it shows as default

your pc's server name firstly.

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C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>nslookup mail.yahoo.com
Server: vituniv.vit.ac.in
Address: 192.168.64.4

Non-authoritative answer:
Name: login.lga1.b.yahoo.com
Address: 68.142.240.31

NOTE: we do not see the default server name.

There are many nslookup with optional commands.To read them

type nslookup and enter then type help and enter.

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Finger- used to find information about computer
users.
It usually lists the login name, the full name, and possibly other details
about the user you are fingering.

Displays information about a user on a specified system running the

Finger service. Output varies based on the remote system.

FINGER [-l] [user]@host [...]

-l Displays information in long list format.

user Specifies the user you want information about. Omit the
user parameter to display information about all users on the
specifed host.
@host Specifies the server on the remote system whose users you want
information about.

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 Ping- Used to verify that a computer can communicate over the network
with another computer or network device.

The ping command operates by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Echo Request messages to the destination computer and waiting for a response.
Ping Command Syntax
ping [-t] [-a] [-n count] [-l size] [-f] [-i TTL] [-v TOS] [-r count] [-s count] [-
w timeout] [-R] [-S srcaddr] [-4] [-6] target [/?]

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Ping
Usage: ping [-t] [-a] [-n count] [-l size] [-f] [-i TTL] [-v TOS]
[-r count] [-s count] [[-j host-list] | [-k host-list]]
[-w timeout] target_name

Options:
-t Ping the specified host until stopped.
To see statistics and continue - type Control-Break;
To stop - type Control-C.
-a Resolve addresses to hostnames.
-n count Number of echo requests to send.
-l size Send buffer size.
-f Set Don't Fragment flag in packet.
-i TTL Time To Live.
-v TOS Type Of Service.
-r count Record route for count hops.
-s count Timestamp for count hops.
-j host-list Loose source route along host-list.
-k host-list Strict source route along host-list.
-w timeout Timeout in milliseconds to wait for each reply.

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 PING COMMAND
NOTE :Remark that the remote machine is
replying.
Otherwise the output will be
"Request time out" which means the
remote machine is not working well.(Not
answering)

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tracert:
It simply shows the path between source and destination address.
Example:
C:\Documents and Settings\sysadm>tracert webmail.itu.dk

Tracing route to tarzan.itu.dk [130.226.133.3]

over a maximum of 30 hops:

1
* * * Request timed out.
2 29 ms 19 ms 29 ms ge-0-2-1-2.1000M.albnxu1.ip.tele.dk [195.249.1.2
9]
3 29 ms 29 ms 19 ms pos1-0.622M.lynxg1.ip.tele.dk [195.249.2.46]
4 29 ms 19 ms 29 ms herman.fsknet.lyngby.forskningsnettet.dk [192.38
.7.1]
5 29 ms 29 ms 19 ms 130.225.244.214
6 29 ms 29 ms 29 ms 1.ku.forskningsnettet.dk [130.225.245.90]
7 29 ms 29 ms 29 ms rk.itu.forskningsnettet.dk [130.226.249.30]
8 29 ms 29 ms 29 ms 130.225.245.86
9 29 ms 29 ms 29 ms tarzan.itu.dk [130.226.133.3]

Trace complete.

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net:
It has many options,which are for checking/starting/stopping nt
services,users,messaging,configuration and so on...
Some of those options require administration privileges..

Example:

NOTE: To have an overview of commands options....

C:\Documents and Settings\sysadm>net
The syntax of this command is:

NET [ ACCOUNTS | COMPUTER | CONFIG | CONTINUE | FILE | GROUP |

HELP |
HELPMSG | LOCALGROUP | NAME | PAUSE | PRINT | SEND |
SESSION |
SHARE | START | STATISTICS | STOP | TIME | USE | USER | VIEW ]

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THANK YOU

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