Quiambao, Earl Jay S.

A-233

Read, understand, and analyze the problem carefully. Work on the problem and follow
the step-by-step procedure in solving it -- from null hypothesis to
recommendation. Round off FINAL ANSWER to THREE (3) decimal places.
1. The research director of a leading beverage conducted a research to measure the
effectiveness of a new flavoring of its beverage compared to beverage with classical
flavoring. A sample of 20 persons tasted the beverage with the classical flavoring, and
30 persons tasted the one with new flavoring. The participants were asked to rate their
enjoyment on the beverage, the highest score is 20 and the lowest is 0. The summary
result of the study is shown below. Assuming equal variance and at a .01 level of
significance, is there significant difference between the enjoyment level of the two
differently flavored beverages?

Flavoring Sample Average enjoyment Variance

New 30 16.75 8.97

Classical 20 15.95 8.75

Null Hypothesis: There is no significant difference between the enjoyment level of the
two differently flavored beverages.
Alternative Hypothesis: There is a significant difference between the enjoyment level
of the two differently flavored beverages.
Type of Test: Two-Tailed Test

α: 0.01/2 = 0.005
Degree of Freedom: n1 – 1 + n2 – 1
=(30 — 1) + (20 — 1) = 48
Critical Value: ±2.682
Normal Curve:

𝑇
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 S
Decision Rule: Reject null hypothesis if T < —2.682 or T > +2.682; otherwise, do not
reject the null hypothesis.
Computation:
(16 .75 −15 .95
= 1 1 = 0.930
√8.883 (30 +20 )

(30−1)(8.97)+(20 −1)(8.75 )
(30 −1)+(20−1)
= 8.883

Conclusion: Do not reject the null hypothesis, 0.930 < 2.682; which means that there is
no enough evidence to support that there is a significant difference between the
enjoyment level of the two differently flavored beverages.
Recommendation: On the data computed above which is 0.930 < 2.682, it proves that
there is enough evidence to support and claim the null hypothesis of the study. It shows
that there is no significant difference between enjoyment level of the two differently
flavored beverages. The new flavoring did not have a tremendous effect compared to
the classical favoring. Additionally, the leading beverage should apply different
flavorings may be tested whether the preference of the participants from the flavoring
really affects their enjoyment. Lastly, the research director should conduct more testing
on its new flavoring to be adequately effective and may somehow increase the
enjoyment of the consumers on their beverages.

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 2. Two medical researchers looked into the effectiveness of a treatment for
hypertension or high blood pressure. In a clinical trial, 45 patients with hypertensions
were randomly assigned to either Group A (placebo control or Group B (treatment); and
were closely monitored for three months. After which, the researchers measured and
recorded the changes in the blood pressure of the patients in each group. The
summary of the results is shown below. Assuming unequal variance and at .01 level of
significance, is there evidence of significant difference on the change in blood pressures
of the two groups of patients?

Average change in blood

Groups Sample variance
pressure

A (placebo control) 21 -0.218 16.81

B (treatment) 24 3.359 21.19

Null Hypothesis: There is no evidence of a significant difference on the change in

blood pressures of the two groups of patients.
Alternative Hypothesis: There is an evidence of a significant difference on the change
in blood pressures of the two groups of patients.
Type of Test: Two-Tailed Test
Degree of Freedom:
16.81 21.19 2
( 21 + 24 )
16.81 2 21.19 2
( 21 ) +(
24
)

(21-1) (24-1)
= 42.98 42
Critical Value: ± 2.698
Normal Curve

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 Decision Rule: Reject null hypothesis if T < —2.698 or T > 2.698; otherwise, do not
reject the null hypothesis.
Computation:

Conclusion: Reject null hypothesis, —2.757 < —2.698; which means that there is
enough evidence to support that there is a significant difference on the change in blood
pressures of the two groups of patients.
Recommendation: On the data provided above, there is enough evidence to support
the claim of the hypothesis of the study which is —2.757 < —2.698. There is clearly a
significant difference on the change in blood pressure of the two groups which are
Group A (placebo control) and Group B (Treatment group). Patients with hypertensions
were grouped and randomly assigned to either the placebo control or treated group.
Based on the results, the patients assigned under the treated group showed better
progress and shows the effectivity of the treatment whereas patients assigned to Group
A showed less progress and effectivity. Thus, there was a difference between the blood
pressure of the groups assigned that was reflected through the treated group.

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