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Activity - 4 - To Identify Components

This document provides instructions for identifying electrical components from a mixed collection. It describes the key characteristics of a diode, LED, resistor, capacitor, transistor, and integrated circuit. To identify components with two terminals, a multimeter is used to check for continuity in both voltage polarities. A diode only conducts in one polarity, a LED conducts and emits light in one polarity, a resistor conducts in both polarities, and a capacitor does not conduct in either polarity. Components with more than two terminals are either a transistor or integrated circuit.

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Atul Kumar Mishra
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335 views

Activity - 4 - To Identify Components

This document provides instructions for identifying electrical components from a mixed collection. It describes the key characteristics of a diode, LED, resistor, capacitor, transistor, and integrated circuit. To identify components with two terminals, a multimeter is used to check for continuity in both voltage polarities. A diode only conducts in one polarity, a LED conducts and emits light in one polarity, a resistor conducts in both polarities, and a capacitor does not conduct in either polarity. Components with more than two terminals are either a transistor or integrated circuit.

Uploaded by

Atul Kumar Mishra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ACTIVITY_4 Date:

Aim: - To identify a diode, an LED, a resistor and a capacitor from a mixed


collection of such items.
Apparatus/Material required: - Multimeter, Above mixed collection of items.
Theory

1. A diode is a two terminal device. It conducts when forward biased and


does not conduct when reverse biased. It does not emit light while
conducting. Hence, it does not glow.
2. A LED (light emitting diode) is also a two terminal device. It also
conducts when forward biased and does not conduct when reverse
biased. It emits light while conducting. Hence, it glow.
3. A transistor is a three terminal device. The terminals represent emitter
(E), base (B) and collector (C).
4. An IC (integrated circuit) is a multi-terminal device in form of a chip.
[See figure (UM 3482 IC Tone Generator)]
5. A resistor is a two terminal device. It conducts when either forward
biased or reverse biased. (Infact there is no forward or reverse bias for a
resistor). It conducts even when operated with A.C. voltage.
6. A capacitor is also a two terminal device. It does not conduct when
either forward biased or reverse biased. When a capacitor is connected
to a D.C. source, then multimeter shows full scale current initially but it
decay to zero quickly. It is because that initially a capacitor draws a
charge.
The components to be identified are shown in figure
Procedure

1. If the item has four or more terminals and has form of a chip, it is an IC
(integrated circuit).
2. If the item has three terminals, it is a transistor.
3. If the item has two terminals, it may be diode, a LED, a resistor or a
capacitor.
To differentiate proceed as ahead.
4. Put the selector on resistance R of multimeter for checking the
continuity. The probe metal ends are inserted in terminal marked on
the multimeter as common and P (or + ve).

If such that the black one is in common and red probe is in P (or + ve).On
touching the two ends of the device to the two other metal ends of probes.

1. If pointer moves when voltage is applied in one way and does not move
when reversed and there is no light emission, the item is a diode.
2. If pointer moves when voltage is applied in one way and does not move
when re-versed and there is light emission, the item is a LED.
3. If pointer moves when voltage is applied in one way and also when
reversed, the item is a resistor.
4. If pointer does not move when voltage is applied in one way and also
when reversed, the item is a capacitor.

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