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Random Numbers in Python: Riya Jacob K Dept of BCA 2020 - 21

Random numbers in Python can be generated using the random module in NumPy. Pseudo-random numbers generated by a computer algorithm can be predicted, whereas true random numbers require an external source of randomness. The random module provides functions like randint() and rand() to generate integer and float random numbers respectively in the form of arrays. Choice() allows selecting random values from an input array.

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Anshul Sharma
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43 views18 pages

Random Numbers in Python: Riya Jacob K Dept of BCA 2020 - 21

Random numbers in Python can be generated using the random module in NumPy. Pseudo-random numbers generated by a computer algorithm can be predicted, whereas true random numbers require an external source of randomness. The random module provides functions like randint() and rand() to generate integer and float random numbers respectively in the form of arrays. Choice() allows selecting random values from an input array.

Uploaded by

Anshul Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Random Numbers

in
Python

Riya Jacob K
Dept of BCA
2020 -21
What is a Random Number?
• Random number does NOT mean a different
number every time.

• Random means something that can not be


predicted logically.
Pseudo Random and True Random
• Computers work on programs, and programs are
definitive set of instructions. So it means there
must be some algorithm to generate a random
number as well.
• If there is a program to generate random number
it can be predicted, thus it is not truly random.
• Random numbers generated through a
generation algorithm are called pseudo random.
• Can we make truly random numbers?
• Yes. In order to generate a truly random number
on our computers we need to get the random
data from some outside source. This outside
source is generally our keystrokes, mouse
movements, data on network etc.
• We do not need truly random numbers, unless its
related to security (e.g. encryption keys) or the
basis of application is the randomness (e.g.
Digital roulette wheels).
• Here we will discussed about pseudo random
numbers.
Generate Random Number
• NumPy (NumPy is a python library) offers
the random module to work with random
numbers.
• Example
• Generate a random integer from 0 to 100:
from numpy import random
x = random.randint(100)
print(x)
• Output
43
Generate Random Float
• The random module's rand() method returns a
random float between 0 and 1.
• Example
Generate a random float from 0 to 1:
from numpy import random
x = random.rand()
print(x)
• Output
0.4140522484659195
Generate Random Array
• In NumPy we work with arrays, and you can use the two
methods from the above examples to make random arrays.

Integers
• The randint() method takes a size parameter where you can
specify the shape of an array.

Example
• Generate a 1-D array containing 5 random integers from 0
to 100:
from numpy import random
x=random.randint(100, size=(5))
print(x)
Output
[2 5 6 14 92]
Generate 2D Integer Random Array
• Example
Generate a 2-D array with 3 rows, each row
containing 5 random integers from 0 to 100:
from numpy import random
x = random.randint(100, size=(3, 5))
print(x)
• Output
[[90 99 11 30 34]
[66 40 63 36 37]
[63 35 89 51 58]]
Generate 1D Float Random Array
• The rand() method also allows you to specify the shape
of the array.

• Example
Generate a 1-D array containing 5 random floats:
from numpy import random
x = random.rand(5)
print(x)

Output
[0.4305005 0.1667810 0.9989659 0.4566901
0.3199066]
Generate 2D Float Random Array
• Example
Generate a 2-D array with 3 rows, each row
containing 5 random numbers:
from numpy import random
x = random.rand(3, 5)
print(x)
• Output
• [[0.14252791 0.44691071 0.59274288 0.73873487 0.22082345]
[0.00484242 0.36294206 0.88507594 0.56948479 0.15075563]
[0.69195833 0.75111379 0.92780785 0.57986471 0.6203633 ]]
Generate Random Number From Array

• The choice() method allows you to generate a


random value based on an array of values.
• The choice() method takes an array as a
parameter and randomly returns one of the
values.
Example
• Return one of the values in an array:
from numpy import random
x = random.choice([3, 5, 7, 9])
print(x)
Output
7
• The choice() method also allows you to return
an array of values.
• Add a size parameter to specify the shape of the array.

• Example
• Generate a 2-D array that consists of the values in the
array parameter (3, 5, 7, and 9):
from numpy import random
x = random.choice([3, 5, 7, 9], size=(3, 5))
print(x)
• Output
[[5 9 7 5 9]
[3 7 7 9 7]
[3 7 9 9 5]]
Random Module-Functions
Thank You

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