Scribd
Upload
15 views

AJPChapter3PPT JDBC

JDBC is a standard API that allows Java programs to connect to and interact with SQL databases. There are four types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 uses ODBC, Type 2 uses platform APIs, Type 3 uses a network protocol, and Type 4 is 100% Java. Connector/J is a popular Type 4 driver for connecting Java to MySQL databases. To connect, the driver must be loaded, a connection obtained from the driver manager, and then statements can be issued to perform queries, updates, etc. Result sets are used to retrieve query results.

Uploaded by

Sumedh Dahiwale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
15 views

AJPChapter3PPT JDBC

JDBC is a standard API that allows Java programs to connect to and interact with SQL databases. There are four types of JDBC drivers: Type 1 uses ODBC, Type 2 uses platform APIs, Type 3 uses a network protocol, and Type 4 is 100% Java. Connector/J is a popular Type 4 driver for connecting Java to MySQL databases. To connect, the driver must be loaded, a connection obtained from the driver manager, and then statements can be issued to perform queries, updates, etc. Result sets are used to retrieve query results.

Uploaded by

Sumedh Dahiwale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

JDBC

17-Sep-08
JDBC
„ JDBC is a Sun trademark
„ It is often taken to stand for Java Database Connectivity
„ Java is very standardized, but there are many versions
of SQL
„ JDBC is a means of accessing SQL databases from Java
„ JDBC is a standardized API for use by Java programs
„ JDBC is also a specification for how third-party vendors
should write database drivers to access specific SQL versions
Driver types
„ There are four types of drivers:
„ JDBC Type 1 Driver -- JDBC/ODBC Bridge drivers
„ ODBC (Open DataBase Connectivity) is a standard software API
designed to be independent of specific programming languages
„ Sun provides a JDBC/ODBC implementation
„ JDBC Type 2 Driver -- use platform-specific APIs for data
access
„ JDBC Type 3 Driver -- 100% Java, use a net protocol to
access a remote listener and map calls into vendor-specific
calls
„ JDBC Type 4 Driver -- 100% Java
„ Most efficient of all driver types
Connector/J
„ Connector/J is a JDBC Type 4 Driver for connecting
Java to MySQL
„ Installation is very simple:
„ Download the “Production Release” ZIP file from
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/3.1.html
„ Unzip it
„ Put the JAR file where Java can find it
„ Add the JAR file to your CLASSPATH, or
„ In Eclipse: Project --> Properties --> Java Build Path -->
Libraries --> Add External Jars...
Connecting to the server
„ First, make sure the MySQL server is running
„ In your program,
„ import java.sql.Connection; // not com.mysql.jdbc.Connection
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;

„ Register the JDBC driver,


Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();

„ Invoke the getConnection() method,


Connection con =
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql:///myDB",
myUserName,
myPassword);
„ or getConnection("jdbc:mysql:///myDB?user=dave&password=xxx")
A complete program
„ import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class JdbcExample1 {

public static void main(String args[]) {


Connection con = null;
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql:///test", "root", ”rootpswd");
if (!con.isClosed())
System.out.println("Successfully connected to MySQL server...");
} catch(Exception e) {
System.err.println("Exception: " + e.getMessage());
} finally {
try {
if (con != null)
con.close();
} catch(SQLException e) {}
}
}
}
Adapted from http://www.stardeveloper.com/articles/display.html?article=2003090401
Using the Connection object
„ public Statement createStatement()
throws SQLException
„ Creates a Statement object for sending SQL statements to the
database. SQL statements without parameters are normally executed
using Statement objects.
„ The Statement object may be reused for many statements
„ public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql)
throws SQLException
„ Creates a PreparedStatement object for sending parameterized SQL
statements to the database.
„ A SQL statement with or without IN parameters can be pre-compiled
and stored in a PreparedStatement object. This object can then be
used to efficiently execute this statement multiple times.
Issuing queries
„ The following are methods on the Statement object:
„ int executeUpdate() -- for issuing queries that modify the
database and return no result set
„ Use for DROP TABLE, CREATE TABLE, and INSERT
„ Returns the number of rows in the resultant table
„ ResultSet executeQuery() -- for queries that do return a
result set.
„ Returns results as a ResultSet object
Creating a table
„ This example is from
http://www.kitebird.com/articles/jdbc.html

„ CREATE TABLE animal (


id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
PRIMARY KEY (id),
name CHAR(40),
category CHAR(40)
)

„ Statement s = conn.createStatement ();


s.executeUpdate ("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS animal");
s.executeUpdate (
"CREATE TABLE animal ("
+ "id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,"
+ "PRIMARY KEY (id),“
+ "name CHAR(40), category CHAR(40))");
Populating the table
„ int count;
count = s.executeUpdate (
"INSERT INTO animal (name, category)"
+ " VALUES"
+ "('snake', 'reptile'),"
+ "('frog', 'amphibian'),"
+ "('tuna', 'fish'),"
+ "('racoon', 'mammal')");
s.close ();
System.out.println (count +
" rows were inserted");
ResultSet
„ executeQuery() returns a ResultSet
„ ResultSet has a very large number of getXXX methods, such
as
„ public String getString(String columnName)
„ public String getString(int columnIndex)
„ Results are returned from the current row
„ You can iterate over the rows:
„ public boolean next()
„ ResultSet objects, like Statement objects, should be
closed when you are done with them
„ public void close()
Example, continued
„ Statement s = conn.createStatement ();
s.executeQuery ("SELECT id, name, category " +
"FROM animal");
ResultSet rs = s.getResultSet ();
int count = 0;

// Loop (next slide) goes here

rs.close ();
s.close ();
System.out.println (count + " rows were retrieved");
Example, continued
„ while (rs.next ()) {
int idVal = rs.getInt ("id");
String nameVal = rs.getString ("name");
String catVal = rs.getString ("category");
System.out.println (
"id = " + idVal
+ ", name = " + nameVal
+ ", category = " + catVal);
++count;
}
Prepared statements
„ Prepared statements are precompiled, hence much more
efficient to use
„ PreparedStatement s;
s = conn.prepareStatement (
"INSERT INTO animal (name, category VALUES(?,?)");
s.setString (1, nameVal);
s.setString (2, catVal);
int count = s.executeUpdate ();
s.close ();
System.out.println (count + " rows were inserted");
Error handling
„ try {
Statement s = conn.createStatement ();
s.executeQuery ("XYZ"); // issue invalid query
s.close ();
}
catch (SQLException e) {
System.err.println ("Error message: "
+ e.getMessage ());
System.err.println ("Error number: "
+ e.getErrorCode ());
}
The End

You might also like