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TITLE: LIVING IN THE IT ERA September 2020
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INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

Alimannao Hills, Peñablanca, Cagayan

College of Information Technology and Engineering

Computer Engineering Department

INSTRUCTIONAL
LEARNING GUIDE

LIVING IN THE IT ERA

FIRST SEMESTER F.Y. 2020-2021

Name:_________________________________________ Yr.
Sec.:_________________________

Name of Teacher:________________________________

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Prepared by:
ENGR. MYKE ALBERT M. TEJADA
Instructor

Checked and Reviewed by:

ENGR. JUNE VERGEL P. QUEROL, LPT
Program Coordinator, IT Department

Checked and Reviewed by:

CB RONIE E. SUGAROL, MPBM
Quality Management Representative

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Preface
This Instructional Learning Guide for the course Microelectronics has been prepared to
address the needs of our learners in the Distance Learning Strategy. The contents of this guide
have been carefully planned and reviewed to suit the learning styles of the students. This guide
is a collection of lectures from different authors of multiple textbooks and references that is
deemed appropriate and useful for the students to acquire knowledge and skills for the course.

How to Use this Learning Guide.

This shall serve as the students’ guide in the completion of the course. All lectures and
activities are given in this learning guide.

The chapter outcomes are given in every coverage to be used by both faculty and
students as a standard for the students’ acquisition of knowledge and skills upon its completion.

Lecture Notes, from the different references, are also given. This has been summarized
by the teachers to guide the students in the understanding of the topics. This also includes the
teacher’s insights or discussion on important issues the students may explore to enhance
comprehension. Higher order thinking skills has been prioritized to enhance the capability of the
students even in distance learning.

Self-reflection questions are given to evaluate the students’ understanding on the

lessons presented. The teacher may opt to include the students’ answers to be part of their
learning portfolio. It may also be the basis of exchange of ideas with their classmates.

Students need to be compliant on the specific instructions given to each activity in the
learning guide. For Queries and Clarifications, the students may contact the subjects teacher for
reference(please check the email address, Facebook account and cell phone number in the
helpline section).

Features of the Instructional Learning Guide.

 Chapter Outcomes
 Key Terms
 Lectures Notes
 Discussion/Teachers Insights
 Relate to Practice(Application)
 Self-Reflection Questions
 Other Activities (to be included in Portfolio Assessments)

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 Appendices
 Summary of Additional References

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. The Media Environment

1.1 Millennial and the Rise of the Information Society
1.2 Adapting to New Technology
1.3 New Technological Development
2. Old Media in the New World
2.1 Print Media
2.2 Death of Print Media
3. New Technologies, Old Technologies and Millennials
3.1 Millennials and News
3.2 Millennials and Social Media
3.3 The Network Theory
4. Dark side of the Internet
4.1 Utopian and Dystopian Views of the Internet
4.2 Media Acceleration and Information
4.3 Internet Addiction and Isolation
4.4 Selective Exposure and Political Polarization
5. Light Side of the Internet
5.1 The Internet and Interpersonal Communication
5.2 Networking and COmmunity
6. Election in the Internet Age
6.1 Social Media as a Political Platform
6.2 Media and Cyberspace impacts to elections
7. Policing the Internet
7.1 Privacy and Surveillance
7.2 Online Ethics
8. Future of Internet
8.1 Evolution of Internet of Things
8.2 Factors behind the success of Internet
8.3 Oppurtunities and Challenges
8.4 The Future Ahead: The Internet and the Millennial
9.1 The Differential

Appendices
 Rubrics
 List of Additional References
 Acknowledgement and Disclaimer

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Subject: Living in the IT Era Units: 3 Units Lecture

No. of Class hrs.: 3hrs lec/week
Section: BSIT-2 Course: BSIT
Subject Teacher: Myke Albert M. Tejada Contact Number: 09752029188
Consultation Time Schedule
COURSE DETAILS

Course Description:

This course provides an introduction to social media concepts, including the

historical, economic, and social foundations of Digital Era realities. Students will explore the
potential applications of new 2.0 technologies for both internal and external purposes, across a
range of organizations and industries. This course provides an introduction to social media
leadership by addressing strategic responsibilities, issues, and challenges. It also addresses
Digital Era career management responsibilities, including the need to establish a strong digital
presence, stay current with changing technologies, and consider new and evolving positions
and career trajectories. Students will apply concepts by establishing and/or strengthening their
own digital presence and professional brand, in addition to assessing the digital presence of
relevant individuals and organizations.

Course Outcomes

A student of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology has achieved the following after
finishing the subject:

1. Recognize the unique leadership responsibilities for Digital Era success.

2. Discuss how technology affects human and the world.
3. Appreciate the opportunities and capabilities of internet in Digital Era.

Methodology of Implementation

This is a distance learning strategy where students and teachers are physically at a
distance with each other while the teaching and learning process is going on. The teacher shall
meet students thru different modes of communication (social network, online class, text
messaging, email, messenger etc.) to provide an orientation of the program and instructions for
the students to follow throughout the duration of the course.

Guidelines are prepared ty the teachers based on institutional policies to ensure that
students will be able to follow through the different activities set for the course. There is no
face-to-face activity which means students are not required to report to school to attend

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classes, rather, they shall interact with their teachers in different technology-based
communication strategies set by the teachers for the course.

Topics shall be assigned according to the syllabus of the subject. Activities are in a pre-
determined time to be completed by the students. At the completion of each topic, students are
required to take the evaluation examinations which shall be given by the teachers to determine
applicability of the lessons learned.

During the duration of the course, students can consult the teachers from time to time
to dress their difficulties or challenges they may encounter along the way.

The topics are structured in sequential order. Course materials and references shall be
provided by the teachers in advance to facilitate teaching and learning process.

Delivery Mode:

1. Printed Text Materials or saved in USB Flash Drive.

2. Audio/Video Materials
3. Download Links

PRELIM-FINAL COVERAGE

Intended Learning Outcomes: At the completion of this coverage, the students shall be
able to:

1. Explain who the millennials are and who they are perceived;
2. Distinguish the difference between millennials from othe generation;
3. Discuss how the millennial control social media;
4. Explain the effects of the internet to us humans;
5. Summarize how technology affecting us humans and the world;
6. Explain on how technology has changed over time.
7. Analyze the changes between the old new media;
8. Analyze the possible solution on the death of new media;
9. Illustrate the importance of the media.
10. Analyze the changes between the old new media;
11. Analyze the possible solution on the death of new media;
12. Illustrate the importance of the media.
13. Distinguish what are the old technologies and new technologies
14. Explain the importance of news in the millennial generation
15. Discuss how millennials connect with mobile technology and networks; and
16. Explain how social media affects the millennials
17. Differentiate the utopian and dystopian views of the internet;
18. Illustrate the rate of progress of acceleration in media and information;
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19. Explain the causes and effects of internet addiction and isolation
20. Explain the impact of selective exposure on political polarization.
21. Distinguish the relationship between the internet and interpersonal communication;
22. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of internet in developing the interpersonal
communication;
23. Explain how internet is related to civic engagements;
24. Discuss the importance of having Network
25. Explain the significance of social media and the internet for as a political platform;
26. Discuss how social media and technology was utilized by significant figures in modern
day politics;
27.
28. Distinguish and differentiate the electoral campaigns of the internet Age from the
previous years
29. Explain how and social media changed politics
30. Show if you are using the internet safely;
31. Examine the various kinds of information threats in the internet;
32. Discover the different terminologies about privacy and surveillance and online ethics
33. Apply the guidelines of proper etiquettes online
34. Discuss the evolution of Internet and the underlying factors that help its growth;
35. Explain the capabilities of Internet of things to the current and future generation;
36. Discuss the essence of Digital Literacy in our generation;
37. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of too much interconnectivity to the
millenials;
38. Explain the oppurtunities and capabilities of internet
Specific Instructions in the completion of each chapter.
1. Students must read and understand the Intended Learning Outcomes specified above
and make it as a checklist of acquired knowledge and skills after completing the entire
chapter. This shall be the basis of the teacher in the formulation of the Summative
evaluation given at the end of the chapter.
2. Students must carefully study the given lecture notes and take note of topics that were
not clearly stated or understood by the student. These areas can be referred to the
subject teacher during consultation hours provided for the students to contact the
teacher.
3. Study the discussions and insights given and follow instructions for activities if there are.
4. After completely reading all the materials, open the video links of the lessons given
along with this learning package and watch the given videos to supplement your
reading. (please check your USB content).
5. Upon completion of all the lessons and topics presented, answer the self-reflection
questions given to you. Check the instruction of to answer and what to do to comply
with required answers.
6. Compile your outputs in your Learning Portfolio to be submitted at specific date by your
teacher.

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7. Should the student have any queries or clarifications with the topics, the student should
contact the subject teacher in the given consultation hours which can be found in the
preliminaries of this material.

Key Terms:
Internet
Millennial
Social Media
Privacy
Surveillance
Online Ethics
Politics
Network
Social Capiltal
Selective Exposure and Political Polarization
Media Acceleration and Information
Internet Addiction and Isolation

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CHAPTER 1 . THE MEDIA ENVIRONMENT

 Understand who the millennials are and who they are perceived
 Distinguish the difference between millennials from other generations Know how the
millennials control social media,
 Be aware of the effects of the internet to us humans,
 Know how technology affecting us humans and the world, and Be informed on how
technology has changed over time

LESSON 1. Millennial and the Rise of the Information Society

Who are the millenials?

Pew Research announced as of 2018 that the label millennial
are those who were born between the years 1981 and 1996. In
today's time-2020-they are the ones who age 24 to 38.

Characteristics of the millennial generation

1. Values meaningful motivation

Millennials value meaningful motivation. They may be
characterized as being motivated by creative work, sharing
their gifts and making an impact on others and within their
communities. Oftentimes, these intrinsic motivators can be
seen in a millennial's approach to their careers. Many can
frequently be found working toward helping others, imparting
inspiration or working to improve on a community or world-
wide issue. Additionally, many millennials aim for goals that
offer ways to further their meaningful work rather than
monetary gains. While this generation's professional drive
often helps them advance in their careers, many seem to do
so for reasons other than a salary increase or monetary
bonuses.

2. Challenges the hierarchy status-quo

Millennials are known for their resolve in sharing their
opinions and ideas, as well as challenging their superiors
when they feel it is warranted. While this trait can seem as
though millennials share contempt for authority on the https://
whole, this characteristic actually comes from the idea that www.pewsocialtrends.org/
what is best for the company results from active listening, essay/millennial-life-how-
collaboration and considering all points of view. Millennials young-adulthood-today-
also seem to prefer working across many functions, offering compares-with-prior-
creative solutions and moving away from the boundaries of generations/

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professional status and level. Additionally, this generation seems to truly believe that
approaches such as these are more beneficial to the workplace than merely following
orders passed down from the top of the professional hierarchy.

3. Places importance on relationships with superiors

More and more frequently, millennials have shown that when it comes to their
careers, they prefer a supervisor or manager that they can connect to as a mentor. This
generation has made a point to get comfortable working with their superiors and asking
for advice and counsel with regard to their career development. In addition to receiving
advice and feedback, millennials place importance on building rapport as well as
pathways for frequent communication with their managers.

4. Intuitive knowledge of technology

As many millennials grew from childhood to adulthood, they witnessed the
expansive growth of technology. With that growth, millennials seem to have developed
the ability to quickly adapt and change according to new and more modernized
technology as it becomes available. Smartphones, virtual reality, interactive software
and even artificial intelligence may continue to see the millennial generation adding to
its development. In fact, the millennial generation may even be the first generation to
be fully globalized online during adolescence and early adulthood.

5. Open and adaptive to change

Not only are millennials described as adaptive to change, many embrace it.
Oftentimes, this generation has been one of ushering in changes in business, technology
and the economy. Most seem to recognize that these industries are constantly changing
and that the methods of working within the modern-day career field must change with
them. Being adaptive to the continuously changing atmosphere they live in also allows
this generation to advance in and take on a variety of roles.

6. Places importance on tasks rather than time

Millennials seem to be very task-oriented rather than time-oriented. This can
appear in the form of productivity with producing results, as well as placing a higher
priority on the quality of a product, deliverable or otherwise task-related output. This
generation places importance on working toward producing rather than being concerned
with how many hours they are able to put in at a job. More often, millennials may want
to be flexible in their schedules, working outside of a traditional "9 to 5" career so they
may use more of their personal time to pursue things outside of work.

7. Passion for learning

Not only are millennials open to change and adaptive, they seem to possess an
extraordinary passion for learning new things. This generation exhibits deep curiosity about the
world and displays the desire to further develop skills and knowledge that can help them within

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their professional lives. Furthermore, millennials seem to understand the importance of setting
and achieving goals, both for personal growth and their careers.

8. Openly receptive to feedback and recognition

Rather than waiting to be reviewed on a biannual or annual basis, millennials
also appreciate regular feedback. This generation values input, advice and mentorship
from their managers, and they seem to be extremely receptive to continuous feedback
on a weekly or daily basis. Furthermore, performance management and development
can often be priorities for Generation Y, resulting in the need to hear from their
supervisors about how they are performing in their jobs. Additionally, this generation
seems to thrive off of open recognition, so positive praise in the workplace is something
that can benefit their motivation. Millennials generally appreciate knowing that what
they are doing is making a difference and that their talents are valued.
9. Free-thinking and creative
It could be from the vast availability of technological mediums, or the fact that
millennials grew up during the time of transition from conventional methods to
modernized and technologically advanced ways of working. Because of this innovation,
millennials may tend to be more imaginative in their thinking. If problems arise in the
workplace, millennials typically have the ability to come up with creative solutions to fix
them.

10.Values teamwork and social interactions in the workplace

This generation also places a great degree of importance on working within a
team environment. Collaboration on projects, problem-solving with different points of
view and creating new and innovative approaches to working their fields may be
cooperative endeavors that millennials undertake while working on a team. In addition
to productivity and quality results on their teams, it may seem that many millennials also
desire a social atmosphere in the workplace. Qualities like fun, relaxed and comfortable
can be used to describe most millennials' idea of a fitting and optimal workplace.

DIFFERENCE OF MILLENIALS TO OTHER GENERATIONS

1. Millennial are more educated.

The number of women who have finished their education increased. During the
Silent Generation (covers people who were born between the year 1928 and 1945), only
9 finished or graduated college; four years at least. If we were to compare the silent
generation and generation x (millennials), the women who completed their education
increased by 36% at the same age. For the male population, just like the female, have
increased the rates of young men who graduated university or college. Three in ten the
millennial generation, which is 29%, have completed their n with the least attainment of
a bachelor's degree.

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2. The number of the female population who has completed education increased

The female population has made bigger improvement over time when it comes
to education. Amongst the millennial generation from ages twenty-one (21) to thirty-six
(36), women who at least finished a bachelor's degree are 7% more than men. During
the silent generation, with the same age bracket, women were six point behind men
who have finished college education with four years the least attainment. As for Gen
Xers, they were the first generation whose women outnumbered men when it comes to
college educational attainment with 3% advantage among the millennial women.

3. The number of working women increased.

In the year 1965, the female population of the silent generation were young with
majority of 58% women who were not in the labor force. With the Generation X or the
millennials, 71% of the female are employed and 26% are not in the labor force.

4. Millennials are three times less likely to get married.

In the year 1965, an average woman is most likely to get married at twenty-one
(21) and a man at twenty-three (23). With the millennials, as of the year 2017, the age
slides to twenty-seven (27) for the females and twenty-nine (29) for the males. When
asked why they haven't gotten married yet their reasons vary from not being financially
prepared (29%), they have not found their special someone with the qualities of their
standards (26%), and 26% said that they are not ready to settle down at such a young
age.

5. Millennials are more racial and ethnically diverse.

As of the year 2017, the non-Hispanic whites are 56% of the American
population compared to the Silent Generation which has 86% of non Hispanic whites.
The Asian race has also increased, however, the black remains almost the same.

6. Millennial men are less likely to become a veteran

Despite the age where millennials are born in the conflict between Iraq and
Afghanistan wherein the United States military are engaged, they are less likely to serve
in the military than the older generation. Only 4% of the millennials are serving the
military compared to the 47% of the men of the silent generation who came in the age
of the Korean war and its aftermath.

7. Most of the millennials in today's time live in the metropolitan area

Nine (9) out of ten (10) millennials are residing in the metro areas with a
percentage of 88%. Compared to the older generation the silent generation only had
two-thirds which is 67%, lived in the metropolitan area. With a similar rate, 68% of the

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baby boomers were staying in the metropolitan area whilst the Gen Xers have a closer
percentage compared to the millennials with 84%.

THE IMAGE OF MILLENIALS

It is not a secret that the older generations do not hide their distaste with the millennial
generation. They have called the millennials killers of the industry, judging them with their
outlooks when it comes to marriage, career path, and simply their perspective in life.

Although people often see just the other side of spectrum, millennials have created
movements that changed a lot. An example would be the Arab Spring and Occupy Wall Street.

Good things or bad things, however you want to see the generation of the millennials,
they are still the future leaders of the country, in business, and society in general.

Lesson 2. ADAPTING TO NEW TECHNOLOGY

a. What is the New Technology?

It is no secret that technology has ghastly evolved over the past few years. From the
means of communication to transportation, it's unbelievable on how far we've come.

Any set of progress in techniques which offers significant help over the created
technology for a given process is a new technology. Whether it is a new invention or an
innovation of a previous work, as long as it new application of a scientific knowledge for
practical purposes, especially in the industry, it is new technology.

b. Millenials on Social Media

Millennials for the last ten years have gained a massive increase of popularity when it
comes to social networking online with common users collectively counting in millions.
Both males and females have an equal amount of using the social network and no
difference has occurred in regards to nationality and race. Millennials today are the
biggest and leading generation in the world and it developed its way to the top with
innovation and technology by their side helping them in terms of media stands and
putting them in place where they get hooked with regard to social media habits. Cell
phones, laptops, and televisions are the examples of technology that they most often
get addicted with. New and advanced technology are in disguised as a fashion trend
where millennials are digging their way to have it simply because it is practiced and
made to be addictive. They are so good with their multi-tasking capabilities that they
can work on school assignment on their computer, and do research at their tablet all
while taking notes, and later that day, they will sit in front of the television to watch a
movie and at the same time, chatting or texting a friend on Facebook from their phones

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or laptops. Researches have certain reports that millenials are more skilled and capable
of doing multitasking compared with the older generations.

Facebook is a social networking website where users are free to post their current
status, comment on posts, share photos, and post links about hews or an attention-
grabbing content outside the Facebook itself. As of today, Facebook has become the
most influential platform for social media and also for business matters. It gained with
nearly 2 million active users monthly and became the largest platform for social media
with the most diverse audience. Although the adults under the age of 35 are already
influenced by the enormous spread of Facebook, still Millennials who are younger are
more likely to use social media networks for news and broadcast better than the older
generations.

c. Social Media on Millenials

Social media has become more developed and approved by most of the people in
regards to trends and style. It is the most used way as of today for interacting and
communicating globally. Researchers have explained that the social media have so much
to benefit people from. Therefore, it is examined as one of the best examined learning
devices that mends to the people's talking and communicating skills and knowledge.
According to Kavitha & Bhuvaneswari, it is found to act as a main social influence when
it comes to social media that affects the personal life of the users.

In the research conducted by Pew Research Center, almost 90 percent of the users of
social media tend to be educated and younger, and use at least two forms of social
media that are defined as an ever evolving changing web-based platform. Here are the
fast facts about social media:
 Web 2.0 and interactive
 It has features of user-generated profiles.
 Users can generate the content. and
 The 69 percent users of social media were Americans based on the 2018 survey.
 Two Asian countries lead in the list of social media, they are India and China.
 Online time spent of an individual on social media is over one-fifth.

Lesson 3. New Technological Development

1. Technology changed the education system

People knew from the start that technologies will grow vastly because of how
technology progresses, and also because of people's dissatisfaction in the advancement
of technology. Some of the best schools were built but unfortunately, these institutes
were far-flung from the homes of some and that was not motivating in some ways. So
because of that, technology once again found an answer and that is to provide online
schools. Anyone nowadays can have a degree online just by operating his/her
computers with internet.

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2. Technology changed the methods of communicating

Technology today has created many various types of application in terms of doing
communication online. Before technology era began in the 8th century, letters and
written emails were the first kind of communication. In 1897, radios for communicating
were invented and in 1916 were the first and longest time-consumed radio broadcast.
Today, radios are no longer used by the majority of people due to the popularity of
mobile phones, computers, and even a video conferencing tools. The advantage of
doing the communication online is that it is constant and fast, and also easy and known
as the quickest way of communication. In the past, a hand written letter takes up to a
span of 10 days to get hold of the information written inside the letter. Social media
nowadays are the most ranked tool for communicating and interacting because of its
many benefits.

3. Technology changed people’s health

There are both positive and negative effects of technology in the health of the people.
These days, health care services and technologies used in checkups are more developed
than the previous generations. But the reason due to the inventions of these are also
because of the thought that people are abusing the use of technology in their daily lives.

Lesson 4. New Technological Development

1. Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence or known as Al is the replication of machine intellect and a human
intelligence. Some part or applications of an Al includes its expertise on systems, speech
recognition, and its very own machine vision. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has two
categorizations either weak or strong. An Al which is categorized as weak is called the
narrow Al and its system is intended and qualified when it comes to an actual task. An
example of this is the Apple's voice named Siri. A strong AI on the other hand, is called
as the general artificial intelligence. It is capable of reacting upon human cognitive
abilities and it is strong enough to discover a solution without the intervention of
humans.

2. 3D Printing
3D printing is correspondingly known as additive manufacturing because printing in 3D
does not let it eliminate materials, in fact it adds more of it. sheet after sheet. But for
you to print a 3D object, it has to have a 3D model of a certain object to be able for the
3D printer to project the exact result of it.

3. Google Glass
Augmented Reality or also known as AR has made its way to be included in the lives of
people in terms of virtual experience and even education itself. Users can download

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applications to it and can now view feeds on social media, text messages, and maps
that can navigate the actual location of the user using GPS.

4. Oculus Rift

Games nowadays have stepped up with Virtual Reality with the help of the Oculus Rift.
This 3D headset will make the users feel the impression of being inside the own video
game itself. In the virtual world of the Rift, with ultra - low latency, you could turn your
head around to sight the inside world of the game in a high resolution display.

TEACHER’S INSIGHT
This chapter covers millennials and new technologies. Millennials are people born in the
years between 1981 and 1996. They are the generation wherein the Internet bloomed. Though
everyone, whatever generation you are from uses the internet nowadays, millennials are the
one most attached to it. They are the generation that witnessed the progress of technology
(the internet). Since the usage of internet by millennials continuously increases, this affects
them drastically. It's not just millennials but as well as other people who use it in general. It is
believed that it is making us "stupid" due to our dependency on it. It is not only making us
"stupid" but lazy as well. Although there are loads of opinion on our usage of technology, it has
been a big help to us. Technology continues to progress each and every day and its help to us
carries on.

RELATE TO PRACTICE
Based from your readings of the above notes, answer the following as best as you
can:

1. Explain the effects of the internet to the humans

2. How much has technology changed over the time?

Place your answer on a short bond paper (either handwritten or encoded may do) using
intended WORK SHEET that is part of the Appendices. Those who are using LMS, must submit
the output online while those who are using IG (offline), must compile their output in the
learning Portfolio to be submitted (schedule to be announced soon).

SELF-ASSESSMENT

I. Write TRUE if the Statement is correct and FALSE if otherwise. Put your answer in a
blank before the number.

_________1. Millennials or Generation Y are born in the years 1981-1996.

_________2. When it comes to being advanced in living their lives, Generation X leads based
on the research.

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_________3. Millennial People are the most educated generation.

_________4. Cellphones, laptops or any kinds of notification discharge a chemical into the
user’s brain and called as dopamine.
_________5. According to Jamp, google is stupid.

II. Word Scramble

( OPDMNEIA)

1. A type of chemical that cell phones discharges.

(LLIEMNAISL)

2. A generation more globally diverse compared to other generations

(RACR)

3. He mentioned that google is making us stupid.

(ECFOOKBA)

4. A social media platform that allows its users to post their current status, comment on
post and share posts.
(RCIRSP)

5. A new method that DNA engineers use.

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CHAPTER 2. OLD MEDIA IN THE NEW WORLD

 Analyze the changes between the old new media;
 Analyze the possible solution on the death of new media; and
 Illustrate the importance of the media.

Croteau and Hoynes (2003) stated that the "new era of communication" was made
sense by the flow of information that is one of the main purposes of the internet. The internet
is continuously developed and it reached the point that it gained attention in unstoppable
development. With the complexity of the internet, people can retrieve new information and
knowledge about people and the world. It is said that internet users are not only limited to the
use of information and communication technology but their way of acting and living their lives
are attached to these technology (Holmes, 2005). Starting from the invention of internet, the
first media age is beginning to lose its audiences, its purpose as major source of public
information and is challenged to survive from dying of the industry.
According to Castells (2003), internet gave people the idea of the internet being means
of communication from many people to many people in specific time on a global scale. In this
connection, internet allows its audience to have freedom of information and speech by
expressing their own thoughts, ideas, emotions, and feelings. This concept of internet is
contrary to the broadcasting media that allows one person to disseminate information to many
people.

Lesson 1. Print Media

Print media are traditional way of knowing the information. By the form newspaper, magazines,
posters, banners and any form of printed materials. Print media is a printed information which
is to be spread by the use of paper. It is one of the oldest and basic way of spreading out of
news. In early years, people used to handwrite all info before printing material were invented.
It was a painstaking work to produce a large printed or handwritten information. But print
media are not just for the news and magazine. This production holds a massive area of media,
including important letter, mails, yellow pages, direct mail and outdoors advertising. Majority of
the information coming from this source are considered as true info. According to Husted,
(2017) "Basically, this involves personalizing print media to let customers feel more connected
to your brand."

Types of Print Media

1. Newspaper-Newspaper is considered to be the most popular form of print media. These

are used to disseminate reliable news to huge mass of people. Usually, newspapers are
delivered at homes or made available at newsstands and stores.

2. Newsletter-Newsletter is a source of information for small communities or groups. The

people who are subsc

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3. ribing to a newsletter share same interest regarding a certain topic or event. Also, these
are used for promotional use.

4. Magazine-Magazines offer articles about various topics like entertainment, celebrities,

food, fashion, and many more. Unlike newspapers that are published every day, magazines
are published monthly,quarterly or annually. Also, magazinehave a larger scope because
some titles are circulating around the world.

5. Banner-Banners are usually made of cloth or paper. Banners are used to display slogans,
logos, and other specific messages. Also, banners are used for advertising and promotion
of some products and companies.

6. Billboards-Billboards are made for advertisements and usually made with graphics and
texts. These are printed in huge size so that it can be read from far distances and to catch
more attention. Billboards are considered to be the costliest kind of print media.

7. Books-Books are the oldest kind of print media. Books give writers the freedom to share
their knowledge about a certain topic. Books provide a variety of genres and topics like
literature, history, fictional stories, romance, science, and so on. Books are not limited to
give knowledge but they also provide entertainment to its audience.

8. Brochure-Brochures give information about a certain company or an organization. Usually,

brochures are for giveaways so that brands can be remembered by people.

9. Flyers-Flyers are mostly used by small brands to help them build their names to the
industry. It is usually distributed at malls, exhibitions, events, or parties.

10. Direct Mail-Small businesses use direct mail to develop awareness to the consumers and
generate the list of products and services for advertiser. However, it is difficult to maintain
and not always cost-effective. It tends to generate purchasing responses than television
and appropriate to campaign the image advertising than to indirect.

11. Yellow Pages-Yellow pages show and arrange the list of ad information and are easy to
scan by consumer according to products and services available, location, phone number;
business hours; special features, such as the acceptable kinds of payment (i.e., credit
cards, checks); parking availability; discounts; and delivery policies and emergency

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services. Yellow page ad is used to "complement or extend the effects of advertising placed
in other media.

12. Outdoor Advertising- It is a directional marker at point customers towards the business
as its strength and comes in two forms which are billboards and transit posters.

Lesson 2. Death of Print Media

The slow death of print media is evident to the current generation. Hardbound books
are now tuning into eBooks and kindles, and newspapers are now flashed paper is still going
until and the first new broadc allegedly believed that t into the screens of our devices. The
current generation is attached to the continuous innovation and development in technology. All
these changes in technology make almost everything faster. Fast food, fast cars, fast online
shop transactions, fast internet, vast interconnectivity. With the vast interconnectivity of the
world, news comes fast to our smartphones. Before, we have to wait for the evening news or
the morning newspaper delivery. But now, our constant connection with the world, news comes
in within a ding of your phone.
Though this connectivity with the world is good at some point, in contrary, this may
sacrifice the quality and the factuality of the news that the people may receive. Fake news is
widespread in the internet and journalists were being pointed as the cause of this. Circulation of
these kinds of news is now easier. However, some of the sources are not really credible of
writing such news. Nowadays, immediate news is in high demand that is why people might take
some unreliable news as factual. Also, due tothis, some journalists might base their news in
uncertain and faulty sources.
The advancement of media technology relinquishes the quality of its content. Unlike in
print media, we can say that it is factual for it goes through processes of fact checking and copy
reading. Besides that, there are still more bad effects of the death of print media. It can
eradicate the businesses of local newspaper publication that has not made its name online.
Smaller communities will be having a hard time to receive local news. And of course, it will tear
down the number of jobs that can be offered to people. You may though that quick news is
convenient but it is not always reliable and good for readers. News produced in press may seem
slow but its contents are more accurate and factual. Maybe, we really just have to let our
patience prevail to get the quality news that we deserve.

The Newspaper
Newspapers are being predicted to be gone since the year 1960s. But the life of paper is
still going until now. It's been almost 92 years since television was made and the first new
broadcast was in the 1940s which is 79 years from now. It was allegedly believed that this new
electric television broadcast will be the death of newspapers and other print media. In the now
current situation, the world has the internet and all other electronics that could end the print
media. And according to Professor Picard, people who have the internet have reduced watching
their TV, because of the usage of the internet. And newspapers cannot hit equally the internet.
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But according to the (SPH magazines) research, a survey conducted by the IPSOS with 4,500
European consumers revealed surprisingly that 80% of people prefer reading on paper than on
digital media. Out of this, the digital native (18-24-year-old) mirrored the same result with 83%
feeling that it was nicer to read on paper."

The Sensible Print

Delivering a sense of comfort to the reader by holding and reading the material, this
allows the reader to familiarize the user which or where the crucial information they are
reading. In online media site, there is this article that leads to another link which might lead to
a whole circle of the undying link, which can make the reader having a difficulty to navigate
what was the information they were reading.

Error-free news
Meyer (1988) believed that newspaper is comprised of five dimensions, including
accuracy, fairness, bias, completeness, and trustworthiness, Newspapers and magazines are
seen to be more credible, balance and honest information, providing accurate balance of
storytelling, complete information and unbiased news.

Newspaper as Historical Sources

Books, journal, newspapers and other printed materials when get aged is a big part of
the history. Most historians use books and newspapers as their utilized source, to track, solve
and to reveal history. The presence of these print media is not just source of information. The
newspaper reflects the periods of time and provides a glimpse from the past.

Importance of Print Media to the Marketing Industry

One of the leading beneficiaries of print media is the marketing industry It offers
tangible, credible and more engaging to the customers. Print helps the target market. Public
posters and flyers are more convincing, plus it gives comfort to the user. Printed materials
engage more the customer and lead them to scan and understand more about the offered
product. The effect of print media to the marketing industry is definitely important.

C. Types of Broadcast Media

1. Television
The television is a source of information and entertainment. To gain viewer's
attention, producers of television content basically use graphics, sound and music, color,
and motion. Televisions are also being used as medium of promotion by companies and
brand with their advertisements. In late 1940's television also known as TV was
replicated by Filipino engineers and students then released and introduced to the
Filipinos ir used an analog TV; they are ABS-CBN Corp TV5 Network Inc. Analog
television in the Phil began to shut down on February 28, 2017, and scheduled to
complete by 2023.

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2. Radio
Radio is a premier medium for dissemination of news and information to the mass
audience. Radio has wide scope and reach as long as the radio has signal to connect
with. Just like television, radio is also being used by advertisers to promote their brands.

D. Music Industry
Making of music for years are human activities, individuals or groups; for
thousands of years music was part of our life. Written lyrics, folk song, storytelling and
more are just evidences of the world music history and industry. Music industry is the
business of making music. Artists who create music, perform, record and manage a
profit-making business music. Behind the music, history makers are the finest
songwriters and composers. Songwriters picture each song with their emotions and
feeling, the words and meaning of each song.

Music Incorporated with Current Technology

The modern technology helps music producers create music easier. Also, musicians can
use the technology today to promote their music. Furthermore, musicians do not have to
compete just to get some shelf space at the music store and do not have to worry about their
distributor. Physical records are now getting outdated because artists are now publicizing their
music through music streaming applications that can be installed in mobile phones. Music
streaming applications have grown since people are now looking for the most convenient and
easiest way to listen to music. These music apps require their users to subscribe for a fee.
Moreover, musicians now can deal with its audiences directly and do not have to have a
third party company just to reach out to their audience. Artists will now spend less just to
promote their music. so The technology today is powerful for the music industry because this
can be the medium of musicians for self-promotion that is easier and cheaper than the
traditional music production.

List of the best music applications and streams available for iOS and Android.

1. Google Play Music

2. Apple Music
3. Youtube Music
4. Spotify
5. Shazam
6. Amazon Music
7. 8Tracks
8. TuneIn Radio
9. Sound Cloud
10. Pandora

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TEACHER’S INSIGHT
As the new era of communication media emerges, the traditional media is facing its slow
death. The internet is taking over the world and it allows people to control almost everything.
With these changes, the audience of the traditional media are now patronizing the internet.
Though this traditional way of disseminating information is slowly dying, the companies of these
media are finding new ways to adapt the changes and innovation in technology.
These changes have disadvantages, too. With the emergence of internet people now
can share their own thoughts and feeling too. This freedom given to the people leads to the
spreading of news that are not really reliable and factual. That is why some people are still
relying on the traditional newspapers, televisions, or radios. These traditional media produce
news that are fact checked and they assure that they disseminate factual news. Unlike the fake
news in social media, some are based on opinions or worse, based on nothing just to lead the
people to other belief.
Though the traditional media are in competition with the new still the traditional print
media are still competing with the traditional broadcast media. Despite this competition, each
kind of print and broadcast media serves a specific kind of purpose that others cannot give
Music industry also changed together with the development of technology, FM radios
and vinyl record players emerged in the hos Now, only the FM radios survived the technological
advancement and sadly, vinyl records did not make it. In exchange, music streaming apps in
the mobile phones serve as the new source of entertainment to people which is more
convenient and more portable compared to the older versions of music players

RELATE TO PRACTICE

Make a collage about the topic: “Print Media in Millennial Generation. Those who are using
LMS, must submit the output online while those who are using IG (offline), must compile their
output in the learning Portfolio to be submitted (schedule to be announced soon).

SELF-ASSESSMENT

I. Identify what is being describe/ask in each item. Write your answer in the black
before the number.

__________1. It is considered to be the most popular form of print media.

__________2. It is a source of information for small communities or groups.
__________3. It offers articles about various topics like entertainment, celebrities, food,
fashion and many more.
_________4. It is mostly used by small brands to help them build their names to the
industry.
__________5. It is a premier medium for dissemination of news and information to the
mass audience.
__________6. It is a source of information and entertainment

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__________7. It is made for advertisements and usually made with graphics and texts.
These are printed in huge size so that it can be read from far distances and to catch more
attention.
__________8. It is a directional marker at point customers towards the business as its
strength and comes in two forms which are billboards and transit posters.
__________9. It is used to display slogans, logos and other specific messages.
__________10. It is the oldest kind of print media.

CHAPTER 3. NEW TECHNOLOGIES OLD TECHNOLOGIES AND MILLENNIALS

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 Distinguish what are the old technologies and new technologies

 Explain the importance of news in the millennial generation
 Discuss how millennials connect with mobile technology and networks; and
 Explain how social media affects the millennials

Lesson 1. Millennials and News

News is the information available to its audience about the current events that are
happening locally or globally. Common topics used and discussed for news reports include
government, politics, weather, catastrophes, economy, education, health, entertainment,
fashion, athletic events and so on. It may be provided through different platforms depending
from each kind of generation.

The Difference between Baby Boomers and Gen Xers to the Millenials
Baby Boomers are people who were born from 1946-1964 (54-72 years old), while Gen
Xers are the ones who were born from 1965-1980 (38-53 years old). There is a huge difference
on how news was received by the people from the old times and now. When the old generation
think about the news, they think of the old ways of how they come to be updated with the
news. It may be through the radio, the newspaper, and the good old-fashioned televisions, but
with the innovations of today's generation, millennials now have different ways to consume and
get updated with the news, About eighty-five percent (85%) of the millennials say that they are
updated with the latest news. A number that people consider staggering knowing that people
actually blame the millennials for the death of the newspaper.

How Millennials get up-to date?

A quick look into this millennial generation explains to us how they can easily get up-to-date
with the news. This millennial generation does not rely on the newspapers or the television just
like the Baby Boomers and some Gen Xers do. They get their news through social media
networks like Facebook, Twitter and such. A study suggests that about sixty-one percent (61%)
of millennials get up-to date with their political news by using Facebook. Most millennials spend
about 27 hours a week online, says Nielsen who conducted a study in the third quarter of 2016.

Youth’s Perception on News

Thirty-six percent (36%) of Americans spend more time reading news that are on par with their
political views rather than opposing views. A study conducted by Nielsen found out that Gen
Xers spend more time online than some millennials do. Spending about 32 hours a week, a
number which is 5 hours higher than millennials. They spend these much time to only read
information that they consider to support what they believe in. It can easily be seen what their
political opinion by what newspapers and magazines they read whether online or offline. With
millennials, eighty-three percent (83%) of them are suggested to be more exposed to more
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diverse opinions on social media and seventy-three percent (73%) of them click more to know.
The generations of Baby Boomers and Gen Xers display that they are set on their own ways,
while millennials show open-mindedness.

Lesson 2. Millennials and Social Media

Social Media is a platform wherein interaction can be made by both the machine and the user in
order to share data or information that can be beneficial to various uses. It was created and
designed for public use, whether it is for free or not. The usage of the social media networks is
limitless. Anything can literally be found in social media in the matter of seconds, or even less.
That is why the millennials of today are very much attracted to whatever it produces.

Social Media in the Modern World

Social media as we know contain many benefits for our diverse users, and since technology
dominates the usage of daily living, the power of social media are now being used as a platform
to perform task whether it is for personal or professional matters. Social Media diversify its
capability on producing great that is user-generated friendly for its content. Since social media
is a part of the Web 2.0, the interaction for both technology and human can now be easily
explored and used by any individual. Social Media will never go out of date and are here to
remain in the technology use, they are not going anywhere since it has an industry where it
cannot be destroyed, it will just improve day after day, minute after minute, and seconds after
seconds.

Forms and Types of Social Media

1. Social Networking - Known for being the most popular and casual use of social media
users
2. Forum - Provides interaction between users with the same hobby
3. Microblogging --Consists of small amount of words posted online to share one's thoughts
and opinions for personal matters
4. Bookmarking-Personalize identifier to easily identify the specified network site specifically
for the user
5. Video Site - Allows user to view video material based on preferences
6. Search Engine-Helps out user to perform a task on what has been researched.

Millennials use of Social Media for Beneficial platforms

1. Social Connections: This network allows the user to keep in touch to their friends and
families in order to keep updated in order to build connections Examples: Facebook,
Twitter, Google+, and MySpace
Social Connections can:
a. Improve your quality of life
b. Boost your mental health

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c. Help you live longer

d. Decrease your risk for suicide
2. Multimedia Sharing: Viewing photographs and watching or streaming online videos
are two of the major concepts on how humans interact and cope up with the
entertainment industry, as well as pop culture. Media sharing allows to place media on
other sites by embedding that can copy and paste the snippet of Hyper Text Markup
Language code into web page. Here are the main two forms of media sharing sites.
Examples: YouTube, Flickr, Netflix, Pinterest and Instagram

Video: Video media sharing sites allow users to upload videos for free such as YouTube.
YouTube has a massive audience worldwide, some of the celebrities Internationally or
locally have their own YouTube channels.

Photos: Photo sharing sites allow to upload images and view by other people. Some sites
have license out the photos that can be used and get printed.

3. Professional: Social networks that are created to provide professional usage for users
creates a beneficial purpose career-wise. The network provides assistance in finding
occupation or create and connect professional forum.
Examples: LinkedIn, and Classroom 2.0 4.
4. Informational: Informational networks provide assistance and guidance to people in
need and answer what the users need to their everyday problems.
Examples: The Nature Conservancy, and Do-It-Yourself Community
5. Educational: This network's purpose is to provide interaction for students to students,
students to teacher, or teacher to teacher, and create a working forum where they can
collaborate based on school related tasks and projects.
Examples: Canvas, School blogs and The Math Forum.
6. Hobbies: Finding the perfect website and application is important to the millennials of
today in order to conduct hobbies network-wise.
Example: Grow It!, and Scarpbook.com
7. Academic: For research and thesis use, academic network provides a workspace
wherein they can share previous researches for the people to view it in public and create
beneficial for oneself.
Example: Academia.edu, and Research Gate

Why Social Media are Always Being Used for Personal Purposes and as a Market.

1. Anyone can easily interact with one another internationally because of the connectivity it
offers globally.
2. Interest can be found in any category of website so users can easily find hobbies to
consume their time online.
3. The information can be shared instantly, saving time for research and study intentions
expressed from the source.

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4. Advertising grosses high profit that can be put up in any websites.

5. Speed that technology can offer are now boundless.

Lesson 3. The Network Theory

Network Theory in social media analysis research according to how people individually, from
certain groups and organizations interact with one another by the use of social network.
Discovering and understanding the process of the theory starts with the element which is
larger, narrowing down to the smallest element.

Social Network Theory

Social networking theory computational understanding is a how, when, what and why the multi-
nodal lifecycle can deploy digital initiatives to construct a framework of understanding for the
populace.
Social Network Principles
1. Balance
2. Exchange
3. Betweenness
4. tl;dr

Social Media Affect the Millennials on Everyday Usage

People are being used as a product. With the rise of the E-commerce industry, people are
attracted in online shopping and are addicted in buying anything because of convenience and
time. saving. According to the eshopworld, in the Philippines alone in 2018, customer spends in
an estimate of $1.49 billion, and it is expected to multiply twice by the end of 2021. Online
shopping creates many disadvantages which creates the chaotic side of online usage. From the
faking or imitation of product, tricks being used to fool customers in order to make profit, to the
criminal acts that online shopping and meet-up that is offered, the usage of e-commerce can be
a dangerous medium to put a risk on.

Privacy Issues
Social media are being used as a platform to invade someone else's privacy. Because of this,
many criminal acts are being performed online such as catfishing, fraud, phishing, hacking,
threats, plagiarizing, stalking and the use of copyright that can lead to certain criminal acts.
People are easily tricked into being included in this kind of act, since the use of online material
is the easiest way to access someone's private data and information.

Negative Impacts of Health Issues and the Result it Offers

The abuse of using social media can lead to certain damage in any single parts of your body,
from getting poor eyesight, brain damage (temporarily and lifetime), back problems and many
more.
The Rise of Cyberbullying

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While other social media platforms are being used for motivational and positive purposes,
others use it for the exact opposite. The effects of cyberbullying vary, especially for the
millennials and can result into many ways, suicide tendencies are example of the worst things
that bullying can be triggered into putting an act.

Legal implications of Cyberbullying under Philippine Laws

The Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 (RA 10627) It covers social bullying who experienced humiliates
the sexual orientation and identity, and perceived belittle individual and/or group and/or
gender-based under Section 3, B-1, RA 10627, Implementing Rules. In the Section 2; RA
10627, bullying refers to any severe or repeated use by one or more students of a written,
verbal or electronic expression, or a physical act or gesture, or any combination.

Millennials and Twitter.

It is a social networking service (SNS) where its users can "tweet" and interact with others'
tweets. These tweets consist of up to 280 characters and users are able to post, like and
retweet tweets. It can be accessed through the website interface and its mobile-device
application. It was created in March 2006 by Jack Dorsey, Noah Glass, and Evan Williams and
was immediately launched in July of the same year. Twitter is one of the most sought after
applications ever since its release with over 326 million monthly active users today. In these
modern days, twitter has become the outlet for millennials to say what they want to say. It
gives its users a way to communicate to a wide audience,

Millennials and Mobile Technology

Mobile Technology is a medium that people use, not just millennials, but also to diverse variety
of people which are being used for cellular communication for personal and specific intentions.
It is a technology where transmitted data can be easily accessed on one single channel instantly

Mobile technology affects the millennials

The use of mobile technologies or devices continues to influence the younger generation,
especially for the millennials of today. The use of those devices contains many benefits for the
users, that is why it is impossible to take down the market of technology in the modern world,
wherein many people are constantly buying the related products. With the result of that cycle of
producing and marketing devices, the growth of the industry continues to increase day by day.

Timeline of Mobile Technology through Service

1.1980 - Introduction of 1G was implemented in using brick phone and was limited for voice
communication only.
2.1991-Short Message Service (SMS) was developed with the use of 2G.
3.1998-3G was implemented for better service transaction by the users.

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4.2008 - 4G was introduced for many purposes for service such as faster mobile data
connection, gaming motives, mobile and television improvements and many more
5.Future to Come (2020) -5G is expected to be released in the year 2020.

TEACHER’S INSIGHT

News are current events that are reported to a wide range of audience. Baby Boomers
and Gen Xers are different from the modern generation of Millennials in terms of how they get
updated with the current news and how they perceive them. With the vast innovation of
technology, Millennials get updated from social media platforms like Facebook. Another issue
about these innovations are how people depend based on the results of their internet searches,
leading them to be misinformed. There are two types of knowledge, expert knowledge,
acquired by those who studied for expertise and had earned advanced degrees, and wiki
knowledge, the information gathered through the internet but are not supported by conclusive
evidence. Users must always remember that not everything you see in the internet is true and
there are experts that they can seek for counsel.
Social Media are used for everyday interaction from whatever medium was used to the
human being. The benefits of using social media for any platform can be infinite, that is why
the industry will never diminish in today's modern world. Social Media are composed of many
types and forms that can be used by millennials for networking, forums and such. The power it
creates can help out many beneficiaries for the users, whether it is for professional, social
connections, sharing of information and others. The concept of market is now being applied to
Social Media due to the rise of e-commerce, high profit, accessibility and instant use. Of course
when there are a lot of benefits given by social media, there is an opposing side wherein users
must be aware to avoid malicious content. Other negative effects of using social media must be
avoided as well, to increase productivity, and remain the positive communities that social media
are supposed to have.
Twitter is a social networking service, where users are able to post their thoughts and
interact with other users: Tweets are limited to maximum of 280 characters. With this
limitation, users often abbreviate their words and sentences to put more thought in their
tweets. 61% of Twitter users are millennials since they are known as the digital generation.
There are three reasons why millennials embraced Twitter: (1) to know the trending topics, (2)
to get away from boredom, and (3) to document using hashtag.
Mobile Technology is a medium that is being used by many people for the purpose of
communicating instantly that makes the lives of people easier because of convenience. Users
consider various reasoning on why they consider to purchase a mobile device or not. It impacts
on our daily living for the better or for worse, depending on how people define their limitation
on the usage or how they use it as a tool for a helping hand. Users need to consider proper
etiquette with regards to using their phone, especially when it is not for the necessary use, The
market of mobile technology will continue to rise as year goes by. The millennials, are
continually attracted into purchasing mobile technologies and cope up with the demand of
modernization.

RELATE TO PRACTICE

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Make a brochure about the proper use of social media. Those who are using LMS, must submit
the output online while those who are using IG (offline), must compile their output in the
learning Portfolio to be submitted (schedule to be announced soon).

SELF-ASSESSMENT

Identify what is being describe/ask in each item. Write your answer in a separate sheet of bond
paper.

1. It reports about current events.

2. A mobile ___ used for cellular communications
3. It is a social media platform with only 280 characters for post.
4. It is a platform that is used for networking
5. It is a theory analyses research according to how people are use social media

LESSON 4. DARK SIDE OF THE INTERNET

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Utopian and Dystopian Views of the Internet

Media Acceleration and Information
Internet Addiction and Isolation
Selective Exposure and Political Polarization

Lesson 1. Utopian and Dystopian Views of the Internet

Throughout the years, the Internet has provided great service and help to researchers,
professors, students, and whoever needs any help of anything. But it also has its fair share of
issues and controversies and because of this, people have different opinions or views about the
Internet. People tend to think of the negative sides of the Internet and the possible negative
effects that it may possess through the dystopian mentality. It is easier to judge than to
appreciate the beauty in life, same goes with our view of the Internet. Although it would never
hurt to have a positive thinking for the Internet, or the utopian mentality, for it will provide us
an even greater purpose in the future than it already does now.

According to the Cambridge Dictionary, utopia is the idea of having a perfect society in which
everyone works well with each other and is, happy Describing an idea or thinking as utopian
means that it is too optimistic, unrealistic and sort of impossible. Utopian thinking is an
imagination of a perfect society mostly applicable in government, politics, and economics.

The term utopia was coined, from Greek word meaning 'no place' or nowhere', by Sir Thomas
More used in his 1516 book Utopia, describing a fictional place and an almost perfect society.

Importance of having an Utopian view in Technology

Utopianism plays an important role in influencing change. One question ask to get in a Utopian
thinking is - What should the future be like? What would we want life to be like one day? A
human's mind is more powerful than what we credit it for. Having a Utopian idea may seem
naive for some, because of it bene far from reality but aren't the latest technologies used to be
just a silly concept in the past years. Utopian thinking lets us to maneuver different possibility of
innovation, imagining and creating masterpiece inside our heads that could someday be a
possible output. Changes in technology seldom start with having an actual invention on the
spot, it is formed from our imagination with the thirst for innovation and inventing something
that does not yet exist. From the past years, who knew that someday we would have self-lacing
shoes, robots that can serve us coffee, driverless cars, and other technologies that were once a
crazy illusion but somehow it became a possibility. Utopian ideas may be a little ahead of our
time but it could help in shaping what can be our future.

Negative Effects of having an Utopian view

Utopianism may be important for the improvement of our way of life. It may possess great
effects but if it is not used carefully, it may become dangerous. It can be dangerous because it
can lead to people to do whatever it takes into attaining an almost impossible goal.

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Dystopia
According to Merriam-Webster dictionary, dystopia is an imagined world or society in which
people lead wretched, dehumanized, fearful lives. Dystopia is an imperfect world, where
everything goes the wrong way. It shows the nightmare of having a doomed future filled with
rebellion, wars, oppression, corruption, disasters - the exact opposite of Utopia.

Utopian and Dystopian Views of the Internet and Technology

Jobs that were once performed by humans are now being done by machines. Jobs are
vanishing, huge amount of people being unemployed because of this. As time goes by, these
numbers will undeniably increase. Artificial intelligence, augmented reality, virtual reality,
universal basic income, and blockchain, these are advances in our technology that developers
promised to mold the future and solve the problems the world has as of the present. However,
through the development of these, the world at risk of possibly removing the sole purpose of
humans. In the online world, our need for easier communication before, resulted into today's
successful mode of communications. The utopian goal was to have a perfect mode of
communication and it became triumphant. On the other hand, with these utopian goals comes
with a dystopian fear things going awry that it could lead to a huge destruction. As of now, it
may not yet reach to that extreme but if we continue to take advantage of it, things could go
out of our control. One of the bad effects internet has caused today is the rampant spreading of
fake news, and the use of different accounts to fool other people. Today, the utopian justifies
the dystopian effects and if we learn to control and properly use it, then we could live in a
world without the fear of the world's destruction.

Lesson 2. Media Acceleration and Information

Information Overload or Data Smog

Data Smog points out the staggering amount of information and data, these data are usually
acquired through internet searches. The term data smog is connected to the smog we
experience through nature. The mixing of fictitious and factual information online is compared
to the mixing of fog and smoke pollution, both of which make it hard to distinguish one from
the other. Overwhelming amount of data on almost every possible topic can be favorable, but
this continuous bombardment of data can have negative effects without us even noticing it.

Media Acceleration in Sports Culture

The use of blogging, vlogging and social networking sites—especially Twitter by professional
athletes, sports leagues, sports teams and sports fan has increased quickly and has been
rampant over the past few years.

Benefits:
1.Build Brand: Athletes also often have difficulty changing fans' perception of them by how
they appear when playing their chosen sport.

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2.Build Leverage: Athletes can build incredible leverage to support their endorsers and
engage advertisers in a more authentic way.
3.Build Relevance: Athletes can build a really authentic channel just the way they like it,
communicate who they really are and ensure long-term popularity.

What are the drawbacks?

1.Invites Criticism: This is something that athletes must be prepared to deal with before
vlogging
2.Takes Effort: We've found this to be the number one issue for football players (and anyone
in general). The preconception that it takes ages to film a high-quality video production scares
a lot of people.
3. Needs Commitment: Athletes like Kobe Bryant are now going through a major
transformation from 'sports icon' to 'creative force With his most recent Oscar nomination, the
Black Mamba is quickly shifting his obsession to the creative industries - Video can play a
powerful medium to speed track this mind shift in the hearts of fans.

Lesson 3. Internet Addiction and Isolation

Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD) is identified as an impulse control disorder but without the
involvement of illegal drugs or alcohol. It is slightly identical with gambling. The users enjoy
different things online, like playing games, social media, and even binge watching series and
movies.

Types of Online Addiction

1. Games - include excessive amount of time online playing online games and gambling (like
online poker). This is the type of addiction that is very rampant nowadays, especially with the
younger generation.
2. Cyber Sexual and Cyber Relationships - include obsession with online dating, watching
pornography, and cybersex.
3. Social Networking - include the over usage of social networking sites like Facebook,
Twitter, Instagram, etc. The user also feels the need to constantly update his/her social media
and to monitor different posts.
4. Net Compulsions - include addiction in online shopping or stock trading. Information -
includes obsession with searching and collecting different information.

Signs of Internet Addiction

1. Gradual increase of time with the use of Internet just to feel satisfied.
2. The user uses Internet to cope with negative feelings and bad mood.
3. The user feels anxious, restless, irritable, and moody when they are not able to go online,
4. The user is unable to minimize the use of Internet after multiple attempts.
5. The user loses track of time when online.
6. The user chooses to spend most of his/her time using the Internet over other significant
things in life like work, school, travel, relationships, and other more.

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7. The user is willing to sacrifice or to lose job, relationship, opportunities to be able to go

online.

Causes of Internet Addiction

1.The user who might be shy in real life may feel secured with the feeling of anonymity when
using the Internet.
2.The user turns to Internet use to escape from problems.
3.The user uses the virtual world to connect with people to lack of ability in real life
communication.
4. The feeling of having a quick access to everything persuades to use the Internet more often
than intended.

Effects of Internet Addiction

1. Family problems - the user does not spend time with his/her family which leads to
disagreements.
2. Mental health problems - creating another persona online may soon to depression and
anxiety if it is not used moderately.
3. Academic difficulty - significant decrease in the user's academic records.
4. Financial issues - internet addiction can be costly especially with gambling and online games.
lead online
5. Medical problems - spending too much time using the computer can be the cause to
complications in our health like severe headaches, body aches, carpal tunnel syndrome, dry
eyes, and eating irregularities.
6. Work complications - this leads the user to neglect office works that may lead to losing the
user's job.
7. Unhealthy sleeping habits - internet addiction makes the user lose track of time due to long
durations or over use of the internet.
8. Socially awkward - frequent use of the internet takes away the time that can be used to
socialize and explore the world.

Treat on Internet Addiction

When it comes to mental health problems or psychological problems, like internet addiction, the
very first thing that a person has to do is to determine if there is a problem or what is the
problem. Secondly, the person has to accept that he/she really has a problem.

There are two ways to treat Internet addiction First is self-help, which can be used if the person
thinks that the problem is not that serious, yet. If the user thinks that he/she can still handle
and correct themselves on their own. The second is professional treatment, this involves a
licensed psychologist or a councilor, who can help the user in controlling their use of the
internet.
For the self-help treatment, these are several steps to help in treating mild internet addiction:
1. Keep track of your daily internet use.
2. Look for other easy activities that can be used to replace the time of using the internet.

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3. Think of reasons why you always end up using the internet too much.
4. If you feel restless when not using the internet, try different relaxation methods to center
yourself.
5. Keep yourself busy doing other things.
6. If there is still no progress, start to consider asking for professional help.

Social Isolation
Social Isolation is the state in which a person feels the lack of ability in socializing. The person
also feels like he/she does not belong. He/she also usually fails in creating relationships with
others. People who feel socially isolated involuntarily prevent contact and socialization between
individuals and the society.

A person experiences social isolation if he/she suffers from:

1. Shame and depression
2. Solitude
3. Social anxiety and fears of abandonment
4. Lack in social contact
5. Relationship on social and professional are limited emotions with anyone.
6. Loneliness and distress

Emotional Isolation
It is a state of unable and unwilling to share emotions with anyone. It occurs due to social
isolation and isolated emotionally because of social network.

Solitude, Isolation, and Loneliness

Solitude means being alone.
Isolation means lack of support in social relationships and emotion
Loneliness means longing for social contact.

Does Social Media Cause Isolation?

Social media feel connected that replaces in-person in fleeting online interactions substitute for
more substantive conversation that increases access to relationships and reduce isolation
meaningful From 19 up to 32 years old found frequent social media users and got the higher
levels of perceived social isolation with three times as likely to feel isolated as the least frequent
users. The use of social media as a result may be harmful or feel isolated.

How the Internet affects Social Isolation?

People who use the Internet frequently spend fewer time in doing different kinds of activities
and this includes socializing. But do people really sacrifice social interaction to be able to use
the internet or do they use the internet because they lack the ability to socialize? A study
conducted by Sanders, Field, Diego, and Kaplan (2000) shows that lower internet use by
teenagers or adolescents is related to better relationship with parents and even friends. The
study also found that higher internet use leads to a person's weaker social ties.

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Lesson 3. Selective Exposure and Political Polarization

Selective Exposure Theory is the tendency of a person within mass media to avoid stumbling
upon an information that opposes their current opinion and to search for an information that
can strengthen or prove their view. It is human nature for us not to want our ideas, opinions,
and beliefs to be contradicted. A human's emotion plays a big part in this. It is not a
requirement to change your opinion or beliefs when you read a contradicting information, but it
is best to at least recognize it.

Selective Exposure in the Internet

With the rise of the internet, we tend to rely deeply on it in everything that we do. Although
there are certain parameters we have to follow to fully utilize its use. It may not be noticeable
but selective exposure takes place in our daily use of the internet, especially on social media.
With 500,000 new users a day in Facebook alone, users go through thousands to millions of
posts each day. This is where we can positively use the concept of selective exposure theory.

There are negative and positive sides in using selective exposure in the internet age. For the
negative side, readers should not avoid information contradicting their current view. Instead,
the reader should learn to read information to educate themselves without the need to change
their opinions because selectively reading information that only coincides with a reader's belief
can cause for the reader to miss out on important facts. For the positive side, readers should
learn what to believe or what not to believe when reading information online. This way, readers
could stay away from "fake news" and from spreading it. According to Facebook's estimate no
more than 3% of its users are fake accounts and 6% to 10% of it are duplicate accounts. The
numbers may seem small in percentage hen translated into the number of accounts, that would
be a whopping 270 million Facebook accounts that are fraudulent. There are circumstances
where a user should carefully choose what to see, read, or listen to avoid unwanted
happenings.

Political Polarization
According to DiMaggio, Evans, Bryson (1996), "Polarization is both a state and A Process.
Polarization as a state refers to the extent to which opinions on an issue an opposed in relation
to some theoretical maximum Polarization as a process refers to the increase in such opposition
over time So basically in politics, polarization refers to the divided political outlook in ideological
extremes Middle ground usually cannot be found in these cases but two extremely contradicting
opinions. There are two types of political polarization: elite polarization polarization. and popular
Elite Polarization is the polarization within a party. This happens when the party's views and
homogeneous political parties with elite polarization have a distinct or a particular point of view
and are more unified intemally, and are habitually seen in a parliamentary system of democratic
governance. Popular Polarization or sometimes called mass polarization happens when majority
of the people in a party have a mom heterogeneous view principle and policies. Members are
divided and usually become less moderate in case political polarization.

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The Impact of Selective Exposure to Political Polarization

According to Yonghwan (2013), citizen's selective exposure to ideologically slanted media
outlets will lead to polarized attitudes toward political candidates. Conservative Republicans
consuming more conservative media outlets were more likely to have polarized attitudes toward
presidential candidates. An estimated 40% among the human population have access to social
media and that translates to a staggering number of over 3 billion users logging onto social
media. That number may not be equally divided into two oppositions but that still has divisions
of interest, and those who are like-minded are that ones that usually interact because of
selective exposure. The internet has become a significant aspect when it comes to voting and
other political issues. But do the readers really seek for the better option or are they just
selectively looking for information that can strengthen their faith in their choices? This is how
selective exposure affects political polarization. People try to prove their views as blinded as
they can be, which creates two very contradicting oppositions that strongly reinforce political
polarization.

TEACHER’S INSIGHT
This chapter tackles about the dark side of the internet which comprises of firstly, the utopian
and dystopian views of the internet, the two extremes of ideologies of a view, in this case the
future of innovations and technological advancements. Secondly, media acceleration and
information, the fast progression or the rise of the internet in terms of exchanging information
and the growing number of uses that users can do with it. Thirdly, internet addiction and
isolation, which talks about the bad effects that internet can possibly cause to its users. A
problem that may need to be cured long term. Lastly, selective exposure and political
polarization that discusses the impact that the internet can cause even to the country's political
issues. This chapter focuses on the dark side or the negative aspects of the internet.

RELATE TO PRACTICE
Write a research paper about the topic The Changes of the Technologies its effects to
the people. Those who are using LMS, must submit the output online while those who are
using IG (offline), must compile their output in the learning Portfolio to be submitted (schedule
to be announced soon).

SELF-ASSESSMENT. Pick the correct answer from the words inside the box. Write the correct
answer before each number.

Selective Exposure Dystopia Net Compulsion

Internet Addiction Disorder Utopia Data Smog
Cognitive Behavioral Theraphy Sign Political Polarization
Treatment

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____________1. What is the idea of having a perfect society in which everyone works well with
each other and is happy?

___________2. What is an imperfect world, where everything goes the wrong way?

___________3. What points out the staggering amount of information and data, these data are
usually acquired through internet searches?

___________4. What is identified as an impulse control disorder but without the involvement of
illegal drugs or alcohol?

___________5. What is a type of online addiction that includes addiction in online shopping or
stock trading?

___________6. Gradual increase of time with the use of Internet just to feel satisfied is a of
internet addiction.

___________7. Most common therapy used for treating internet addiction.

___________8. What is the state in which a person feels the lack of ability in socializing?

___________9. What is the tendency of a person within mass media to avoid stumbling upon
an information that opposes their current opinion and to search for an information that can
strengthen or prove their view?

__________10. What refers to the divided political outlook in ideological extremes?

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CHAPTER 5. Light Side of the Internet

• Distinguish the relationship between the internet and interpersonal communication;
• Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of internet in developing the interpersonal
communication;
• Explain how internet is related to civic engagements;
• Discuss the importance of having Networks

Lesson 1. The Internet and Interpersonal Communication

It is a type of communication that takes place between or among two or more people. It
includes conveying thoughts, ideas and emotions through by passing messages either verbal or
non-verbal. This type of communication is not just about putting words and speaking it rather it
requires the proper facial expressions and other elements such as gestures and body language
that adds up to the expression of messages.

Elements of Interpersonal Communication

The element that composes the interpersonal communication is represented by the diagram
shown.

The Communicators (Sender and Receiver)

This includes two or more people communicating with each other. The sender is responsible in
sending the message which is considered the source while the receiver is the individual who
decodes the message that has been sent.

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The Message
These are conveyed thoughts and even emotions expressed in different wave like gestures and
expressions of the face. Particularly, this is the main content of the communication enabling the
two or more parties to get involved and share something with each other.

Barriers (Noise)
These are the factors which can be internal or external that hinder the transmission of the
message from the sender and the receiver. These can result to ineffective communication
causing problems in conveying the right message.

Feedback (Response)
A feedback is an element of communication which entails the response of the receiver towards
the message conveyed by the sender. It shows the understanding of the receiver to the
message he decoded or processed.

Context
It is the type of environment where the communicators are in while communicating with each
other. The setting or the mood of the place can affect the way of communication and every
communicator should consider this in any way possible.

Channel
This pertains to the physical object used in conveying the messages. Channels may differ from
forms considering that there are different types of communication. For example, in a call which
involves two persons, the communication takes place with the use of phone which limits the
channel to the speech alone.

Lesson 2. Networking and Community

What is a Network?
Network is described as the group of devices that has the capability to connect with each other
and be able to send information. Such devices include smart phones, laptops and even
computers which are using different systems of connections to share data and information.

Community: In the World of Technology

Network of community are series of computer system which purpose is to give assistance to
communities and often provide services, particularly for those communities that are sharing the
same goal and belief.

Community Technology Centers (CTC)

These are types of facility headed by different organizations such as the non-profit
organizations with the strong assistance from the local and national government. Private
individuals, organizations and also businesses are also participating in the establishment of
these facilities. This aims to help people without the capability to have access and cannot afford
to have a computer or a technology device.
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Goals of Network Community

1. Provide easy access information through the help of functioning networks or resources
2. Give Trusted platform which can be used by the community in discouraging digital divide
3. Promote a developed community through different technology engagements
4. Develop a strong connection with the citizens of the community

Lesson 3. Social Capital

Social Capital in the field of Technology Social Capital are the factors that are present in a
community or society. It is also the network of values that focuses on maintaining a social
relation which can lead to reaching the organizations goal. Social Capital requires participation
and coordination with every member of the team to be able to come up with an output. A social
group is a unit of people associated with each other due to their shared belief, characteristics
and principles.

One Side of Social Capital: Variety Based On Direct Approach

Bonds
This is the link between people sharing the same culture and ethnicity. Most common
example is loved ones and friends.

Bridges
This category is focusing on a more varied relationship compared to bonds which is
beyond its scope.
Example: Associates
Linkages
Related to people that are considered in the higher level or the lower level of the
hierarchical structure of a society.

Lesson 4. The Internet and Civic Engagement

What is Civic Engagement?

Civic Engagement pertains to the works or activities of an individual or group of people
concerning about the civic values of the community.

What is Internet Civic Engagement?

The Civic Engagement and Internet is a several single or cluster commotion talking
about civic issues as well as working with the help of each other whether the actions are related
to politics or not with regards in using the internet.

Differences and Purpose of Civic Engagement and Internet

There is huge difference between the civic engagement and the internet. One of the
differences of these two is on the way the people engage themselves to the community in both

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non political and political activities. On civic engagement, you are involving yourselt to the
community face to face or directly unlike in the internet, you are participating with the use of
online connection and not a personal connection. The purpose of these two is both have the
ability to express the people's feeling and thought and the people can participate or involve
themselves to the community.
Even though the internet will take the place, traditional political doing will continue the
field of some people with great heights of profits and leaming Opposing to the expectations of
approximately promoters, the socio-economic atmosphere of public engagement in America
does change even though the internet has not sprouted. Most of the participants in online
political activities such as signing an online application or creating a political involvement and
transmitting a government official are those people who are prosperous and knowledgeable .To
some extent, the image below shows the product from variances in accessing to the internet
are those who are lesser on the social and economic ranking are fewer expected to be
connected or to consume in accessing internet using broadband at household, doing it
incredible for the others to take part in political online activity.
However, though the connected people have a resilient progressive connection among
social and economic standing utmost based on the internet processes of governmental
commitment. Moreover, since the millennials are further expected to use internet than the
others like seniors, the involvement gap among comparatively unengaged greater than engaged
middle-aged grown person that naturally symbolizes disconnected administrative movements is
fewer obvious in addressing the governmental participation through the internet. Still, around is
a tough relationship among social and economic rank as well as using the internet in
governmental and public assignation regardless to their ages and groups.

Types of Civic Engagement

Direct Service
Offering your individual efforts, vitality and time to speak and express your thoughts to
help and provide the needs of the community.

Community Research
This type of civic engagement focuses on discovering the probable assets, challenges,
and social problems in the community as well as in coming up with the best possible solutions
to the current problems.

Advocacy and Education

It involves the implementation of different ways to persuade the government or the
decision of the corporate to make a decision that the entire civic will benefit.

Capacity Building
The help and participation of the different sectors in the community will make an
improvement and develop current resources or create new capitals that will be used to find the

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solutions and come up to an precise answer to the specific problems and to make the
community become better.

Political Involvement
It concerns the involvement of a person in political activities such participating in campaign and
voting the right person to serve the people.

Socially Responsible, Personal and Professional Behaviour

Being responsible in all the time on whatever you are doing. Your actions must be always in
ethical regardless if it is personal or professional life.

Philanthropic
Being part and volunteer to the projects of the government or non-government organizations to
raise fund and use this to provide the needs or donate something to the people of the
community.

Impacts and Importance of Civic Engagement

Based on the study, it shows that once the populations participated well in making a decision
for the organization of the community are much more appropriate and utilized than in any other
civic engagement organization. Having this kind of organizations is more effective and inclusive.
A community that has a greater level of civic engagement has a better sagacity of a society,
lower the rates of crimes and has good leadership, therefore the people of the community
would be happy and healthy. A lot of people benefits from the civic engagement because
there's a probability that it will help to develop their social interaction, that will bring the people
with the organization to work together and carry all encouraging norms, as well as it can
provide to them the feelings that all things that they are doing is essential every time, also it
can able to develop and improve their skills and soon they might realize their real passions.

TEACHER’S INSIGHT
This chapter discussed the light side of the internet which includes the connection between
internet and interpersonal communication, the elements of interpersonal communication that
influence how the internet is applied and used effectively in sending information. Also, the
chapter tackled the difference of the two in terms of consumable time, effectiveness,
convenience, privacy and scope. Part of the discussion also focuses on the formation of
community with the help of networks and its applicability in everyday tasks. In which this
network of communities leads to foundation of Community Technology Centers (CTC). Aside
from the network of communities, social capital was defined as the factors associated with
social groups which include tangible and intangible resources, Variations of Social Capital are
tackled by presenting links with different types of people. Lastly, the purposes of internet to
civic engagements are presented with the given organizations in the Philippines. The whole
chapter covers positive side of the internet used in different aspects of human development.

RELATE TO PRACTICE

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Based from your readings of the above notes, answer the following as best as you
can:

1. How internet is related to civic engagements

Place your answer on a short bond paper (either handwritten or encoded may do) using
intended WORK SHEET that is part of the Appendices. Those who are using LMS, must submit
the output online while those who are using IG (offline), must compile their output in the
learning Portfolio to be submitted (schedule to be announced soon).

SELF-ASSESSMENT. Identify what is being asked/ described in each item. Write your answer in
a separate sheet of bond paper.

1. Group of devices that has the capability to connect with each other and be able to send
information
2. It involves the implementation of different ways to persuade the government or the decision
of the corporate to make a decision that the entire civic will benefit.
3. A type of communication that takes place between or among two or more people.
4. Responsible in sending the message
5. These are conveyed thoughts and even emotions expressed in different ways like gestures
and expressions of the face.
6. These factors which can be from internal or external that hinder the transmission of the
message from the sender and the receiver.
7. This pertains to the physical object used in conveying the messages.
9. The factors that are present in a community or society.
10. Related to people that are considered in the higher level or the lower level of the
hierarchical structure of a society.

CHAPTER 6. Election in the Internet Age

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 Explain the significance of social media and the internet for as a political platform;
 Discuss how social media and technology was utilized by significant figures in modern
day politics;

 Distinguish and differentiate the electoral campaigns of the internet Age from the
previous years
 Explain how and social media changed politics

With the continuous growth of social media presence around the world, the Philippines, dubbed
as the "Social Networking Capital of the World" (Liao, 2008) has been using the Internet for
various purposes ranging from entertainment, source of information, collaborations and other
conventional purposes. The introduction of the Information Age, or Digital Age superficially
empowered the people of various background in voicing out their thoughts, opinions as well as
the online partisans of different sectors and beliefs spreading their information through the way
the people want to today - efficient and convenient. The thought of data and credibility being
the key commodity of everything in this digital age throughout the plethora of social networking
sites, it was only a matter of time when people realize the power tool that is social media -
more specifically as a political platform by different government officials, political figures and
socialites.

Lesson 1. Social Media as a Political Platform

Social media today is thought of as an "Online World for Young People and Political News,"
(Nieman Reports, 2008) as it offers the plethora of enjoyment, satisfaction and as a source of
information that is very evident for the growth of one's personal and professional interest. As
prominent as it is, social media are inclined towards younger audience specifically those
considered to be a part Millennials and Gen Z generation. It has offered them a wide online
virtual space for them to interact, trade opinions with each other and have their voices be heard
no matter their social status, profession and life background. In the spark of this, social media
platforms such as Facebook and Twitter have slowly gained credibility as it slowly takes the
form of an online newspaper - a newspaper not taking the form of a daily print of morning
paper that one reads as they drink their coffee nor the evening news that highlights the events
of the whole day. Today, through these social media platforms it is finally available when and
where we want it to be and so it was only a matter of time before any form of politics enters
the scene.

Fast and Real Time

The political aspect has drastically changed in the last couple of decades with the Internet and
Social Media playing such a large role in this change. It is now considered a vital role in political
campaigns and movements as well as the way it can affect the views of the people - and with
the influences of their votes. These days, candidates and their supporters constantly "flood"
different social networking sites such as the giants Facebook and Twitter in the form of their
own respective pages, twitter accounts and advertisements which would broadcast their

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propagandas. Not only does it gain traction for its users, but also the sympathy and emotions of
the people being their key of garnering their votes (Caleb, 2018).

Shares and Retweets

Another great factor is concerned regarding the real time capability and updates of news
virtually anytime and anywhere, one way that social media turned into this powerful tool is its
undefeated speed in sharing news, poll surveys and even propagandas and rumors. As much as
we'd like to deny it, while we are capable of going to an online website to read news, people of
any age these days prefer to spend their time on Facebook and Twitter rather than any serious
toned websites like CNN and New York Times. This means that we often get all the trending
facts and stories through our online friends that appear in our feed.

At your Fingertips
One of the most vital parts of social media is its capability of having direct interaction with
politicians. In previous years during election periods, the only time that people would be able to
interact with their hopeful candidates are through meeting de avance or MDAs or if the political
or candidate decides to do a publicity stunt to gain the favor of the people and it is proven that
it does help in their respective campaigns and anyone who does fail to do so has a slimmer
chance of winning. Thanks to modern technology, a politician could simply utilize social media
to announce an online event whether in the form of AMAS (Ask me Anything), going live on
Facebook for announcements and to interact with its viewers and who knows, maybe even
virtual reality might be used for political purposes. When it comes to the social media platform,
the possibilities are going to be limitless in the way how the politician and its own advisors
could think of utilizing this power.

Everything Is Permitted
In terms of demographics however, politicians are capable of targeting certain audiences to
make sure that their voice and messages are being heard by the right audience. May it be for a
certain gender, age group, ethnicity, social background and place of residency they are able to
tailor their advertisements through Facebook's algorithm and analytics for targeted advertising.
You may not notice it but you might feel that a certain advertisement is talking to you
personally, you mustn't be surprised that it was not any form of coincidence. It was specifically
made for you.

Lies and Deceit

One of the other ways social media is turning into a political platform is its capabilities of
spreading lies and deceit in the forms of rumors, fake news and conspiracies for the opposition
of a certain candidate. Political campaigns are now influenced by almost any story, regardless if
it's proven true or false, as long as its spread like wildfire in social media, it has then done its
part of influencing the people. And with the spread of such concept online, one does tend to
get confused or worst believe the lies created by anonymous people online. Memes for example
are a mixture of the reality of the situation, satirical implications, direct lies as well as

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unconventional speculations that affect even the most dedicated supporters of each candidate.
Satirical news sites for example may look authentic and legitimate enough to be believed by the
common man, even taking the form of clickbait stories or trolls that use misleading headlines to
gain traction after all, people would prefer reading short one liners that spending their time
reading and doing their own research in the topic to find out the truth. Another one is the
political biases of certain sites for their chosen candidates. As a quick tip, a great deal of
diligence is needed to believe anything - one should take the time to research in finding out the
truth rather than regret it once the wrong man is seated in the office.

Sense of Confirmation
Another factor often misunderstood is the so-called power of confirmation bias. Facebook and
Twitter are created to connect with people, specifically those that are close to you enough such
as family members and close friends and more often than not the opinions between you and
them are similar to each other which is why most of the time you and they share the same
sympathies on different issues, including politics. Vast majorities of Facebook Posts and Tweets
tend to express a specific point of view, specifically the one that you already hold. This creates
this illusion online that everybody thinks the same way as you do online which creates the
filtered bias between you and your friends. This is the reason why certain opinions are
disregarded because it goes against the embedded beliefs that one already holds and not even
admitting that they are also just influenced as well. More often than not, social media tell you
what you wanted to hear as a form of validation and the so-called fortification of a certain
mindset between one another. For this reason, social media may reinforce our opinions and
have us close minded to a certain point of view that it will be heinous enough for us to
entertain nor consider the unconventional opinions of others. However, if you do make an effort
to connect with various people with diverse standpoints and believes, you can overcome this
bias and create this virtual space a healthy, anonymous and open space for open-minded
people. Throughout the years, the future of politics will still find different ways that we may
have not thought of today. With social media still being relatively new as well as its continuous
improvement, we're just starting to see its impact on society. even if it does look like it has
greatly impacted the course of life right now. Many political changes are surely to be improved
and crumbled through social media.

Lesson 2. Media and Cyberspace impacts to elections-Future of Politics in the digital age
Judging from the development of the Internet and Technology up to now, one can easily
visualize that the further development of technology and devices will result in an innovative and
more viable tools with features not yet even comprehensible today. Should that advancement
go forth, it will be unlikely that the current discussion of ways to avoid problems and current
issues will provide us a clear solution and possibly a well-defined standard. Government officials
and politicians already have a wide array of tools to use to spread their information and name
during election periods. Blogs are easily made, a single post on Facebook is a few clicks away,
and a picture speaks a thousand words. Moving forward, it is a must for candidates to build up
the ropes to providing information without unintentionally misleading them. The netizens as
well should also realize that it is possible that the next elections would be more censored or

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controlled due to numerous bans and laws enacted upon the cyberspace. This ban, while
intentional, aims to ensure a level of fairness between each hopeful during the electoral period.
We only hope that these government officials do not fret on the sight of maintaining focus on
the debate of using the Internet for applicable purposes and as a political tool in general. Ask
any politician these days and he'll tell you that journalist and the media wield the power over
the political process of any country. It is for a fact that media continuously play a major role in
politics with regards to the freedom of the press thanks to Democracy. It is only just that voters
require the information to make educated decisions and it is a journalist's task to provide it to
them. The media can alter the outcome of an election often relating it to "Rigging the Elections"
through media coverage often seen as biased. The media landscape has greatly impact how
they are able to interact with various candidates, social media, the cyberspace in general and
even the millions of voters. It was at this time that the country would feel distrust towards
these giant media companies and yet they are still the main source of valid and unhindered
news.
Are we Covering This?
As any news, it is up to the jurisdiction and choice of journalists in choosing which candidates
to cover and evidently how much. Those choices alone are already a deciding factor who would
get more public exposure, both acceptance and outrage as a simple name recognition plays a
big factor to drive their campaigns during their elections. This is the main reason as to why
some candidates felt invisible as they cannot win enough interest from the media. The best
example being Trump's outsized proportion of media coverage due to his unfiltered tweets on
Twitter, public speaking and outright accusations in his campaigns that have given him National
and International Coverage he needs to stand out in the crowd. And with the integration of
social media for these journalists, it will always be fast enough that are capable of updating the
public in a matter of seconds.

Biases and Scripts

Based on a research by Pew Research Center, many media outlets attract partisan audiences
thus radiate political biases in their coverage. With today's news consumers getting their facts
with a simple click and flick of the wrist on their personal computers and mobile devices from a
quick internet search, many have started to differentiate themselves by shifting from news to a
more contextual and analytical manner of news. However, this isn't always the case as selective
exposure provides the tendency the general public had to seek out valid sources that wouldn't
challenge our intellects and beliefs about the world. It is for a fact that there is relationship
between selective exposure and the division of political favors in any electoral campaign in any
nation and it is clearly related to the rise of partisans delight in their media sources, the blogs
and websites they visit as well as the ideological bias.

Checking the Facts - Authentic or Not?

Just like any other news, it should be considered that facts must be checked out and verified to
be real and accurate. Delivery rushed news based from speculations are surely going to be an
issue that could even affect the name of these media groups. One of the most notable

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developments in journalism is its capability of leading the outcomes of the elections. (Radcliffe,
2019) It should also be considered that while certain news from even the biggest names of
media corporation might be made up or considered fake- it isn't always the case as you have to
consider that these media groups also aim to be the very first source of everything as they are
still a business in mind. It is in their best interest the name of the company that they represent.
It is still however a fact that the netizens still exercise their diligence to find out what's reliable
facts to those that aren't.

TEACHER’S INSIGHT
This chapter tackles about the effects of the Internet on elections in association to the
continuous development of technology, recognizing it as a form of political platform through
different social networking sites, blogs and websites, emails and any form of transmitting
information online. It provides an overview on different ways winning candidates from recently
prominent figures of the past decades have utilized the World Wide Web as their ticket to not
just winning the presidential seat but the Internet as well. The chapter also discussed some of
the political strategies considered and facts related to it that shows how the Internet has
shaped their campaign for their own purposes. The chapter also discussed key components of
the impacts of social is for the Digital Age associating it to the winning factor of certain
politicians Social media, while aimed as being a way to communicate with people online, have
continuously been recognized as more than that as it was used for political purposes, thus
igniting more ways how the Internet could be molded for the next years to come The netizens,
however, should still practice their diligence in terms of politics and recognizing all the facts
taken and presented from the internet; it must also be considered that the Internet merely
being a political tool is an understatement, rather they must consider it a major transmission of
data that could curve the waves towards the politicians' goal of achieving what they want.

RELATE TO PRACTICE
Write a reflection on the topic “How Internet influence people to vote to their candidates in a
political position?” Place your answer on a short bond paper (either handwritten or encoded
may do) using intended WORK SHEET that is part of the Appendices. Those who are using LMS,
must submit the output online while those who are using IG (offline), must compile their output
in the learning Portfolio to be submitted (schedule to be announced soon).

SELF-ASSESSMENT. Answer the following questions. Place your answer in a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Who won the 2008 US Presidential Election and how did they utilize the Internet?
2. How can social media boost the campaign of a electoral politician?
3. What could be the impact of social media, with regards to building the trust and eventually
getting the votes of the people?
4. In your own words, what is the most prominent way how social media and the media
companies were able to mold and shape the elections?
5. What's the significance of diligence to your daily life on social media? Explain at least 3
significance in terms of personal, private and political affairs.

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6. If you're given a chance to be a politician, how could you utilize social media to provide you
the exposure that you need to win the hearts of thousands and even millions?

Chapter 7. POLICING THE INTERNET

• Show if you are using the internet safely;

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• Examine the various kinds of information threats in the internet;

• Discover the different terminologies about privacy and surveillance and online ethics
• Apply the guidelines of proper etiquettes online

Lesson 1.Privacy and Surveillance

Data Breach

Data breach is a cybercrime in which a cybercriminal extracts data from a source. Usually, data
breach is done through remote network or through a physical access to a computer or network.
Cybercriminals have a systematic way of implementing a breach. At first, they are doing a
research with regards to the weaknesses of the source's security. Once they knew the
weakness, they will take advantage of it to attack to initiate a contact with a network. Then, if
the cybercriminal has connection with the source, he/she can now successfully extract the data.
Cybercriminals are using data breach to get a way to perform an information fraud, credit card
duplication, theft, identity theft, and other crimes that will be needing a person's personal data.
Name, birthdate, identification number, email address, mailing address, credit card and bank
account numbers and many other kind of information are being stolen from a source to be used
for other crimes. With this, companies - like banks, hospitals, email providers, that are holding
personal data - are keeping on reminding their clients to be careful with their data because with
the technology today, all data are vulnerable to be leaked and used by other person.

Cybercrime Police
Internet police is an organization led by government agencies in countries that are in charge
with policing internet. With the vast connectivity of the world, the internet police have a great
responsibility to keep the internet space a safe space where cybercrime is prevalent. The
purpose of the internet police will depend on the country or state which can be fighting a
cybercrime, propaganda and censorship In the Philippines, the government has its Anti-
Cybercrime Group that is led by the Philippine National Police. It is responsible to enforce laws
on cybercrime to attain effective cybercrime campaign. The PNP ACG have a vision of a safer
cyber environment by 2025. PNP ACG are capable of conducting cybercrime investigations and
arresting of cybercriminals. Also, they can do other things like to recover data and forensic
analysis on all devices involve in doing crime. All these are implemented so that internet users
can observe a safer space and environment in the internet.

Usage of security applications

Application security is protection for software, hardware and another procedural method for
external threats. The security application is progressively important due to the development of
applications which is accessible over the networks. Security is designed to protect important
files from unauthorized code and reaching, stealing and removing of data. Application users do
not know what these apps do to their phones, PC and other digital gadgets. Some applications
require permission to get access through your settings and ask some requirements to be
accessed. Some will ask permission about your location, contact, and accounts (email). Spyware

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is a program or software that will steal information and changing user data. It is usually taken
by unauthorized installation of software, downloading applications and a random pop up
advertisement. Spyware can usually get into the computer or phone through shareware and
freeware. From these, the can successfully install and start transferring data or collecting it.

Types of security application:

1.Auditing-Recording and tracking the execution of the application. In tracking the execution
of the application, you will notice if there are any suspicious on the application. Also you should
able to trail the events.
2. Authentication - It should be only the user who can log in and run the application. Only
the valid information can reach this software.
3. Authorization - It should be only the authorized user who can change, edit, and read all
the information inside the application. If there's any suspicious activity, the user or the owner
should be verified through email, personal phone number or any that can reach that will notify
the user.
4.Cryptography - assurance of privacy to the user, unauthorized user should not be able to
edit, change, copy, or read the information inside the application. The security must be strong
enough to secure the application.

State of Privacy in the Internet

Privacy is probably the most important thing that we need to take care of when it comes to the
internet. According to the Merriam Webster Dictionary, privacy is the quality or state of being
apart from company or observation. If we're going to apply it to your information, your personal
information should not be out in public, it should be personal; for your eyes only.

In this world, there are already loads of cybercriminals (hackers, crackers, etc.) who can get
your information in a snap. Just in United States of America, there are over ten (10) million
cases a year of identity theft. There are countless cases that credit card information and email
details gets stolen, security numbers and identifying data obtained, and addresses known. All
happened with the help of the internet.

Even when connecting to a public Wi-Fi, your personal data could be at risk. Whether you're at
a coffee shop, in a library, in the mall, or even hundred and thousands of feet off the ground,
these public Wi-Fi can help risk of information leakage. But how is this done? Open Wi-Fi
networks or public networks allow channels to communicate. Since there are a lot of people
connected to one internet connection, or Wi-Fi, this allows hackers to transverse through each
channel or device and spy on what those other networks are doing. What is making these
public networks that dangerous? It's their lack of encryption.

Encryption is the process of encoding information wherein only the authorized people can
access those information. With most of the public networks not encrypting their communication

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between WiFi and the user or the device connected to it, this allows the hackers to get into the
unprotected channel and easily view your data and information.

A simple person could do this, you do not even need the technical knowledge and education to
try and attempt it. You're lucky if these hackers do not discover your IP or MAC address. If that
did happen, a hacker can open a connection to your device and snatch your data. To prevent
this type of danger, you can use a Virtual Private Network. VPN or a Virtual Private Network
extends a private network across a public network. With that, it will enable users to receive and
send data across public networks as if their computer are directly connected to a private
network. This will mask your device's legitimate IP address.

Public networks aren't the only ones that can risk your personal data. Here are some ways
hackers can get into your device:

1. Malware or viruses attached to email

Attaching malwares and viruses to emails is probably one of the most popular methods
of malware spread. Once you open the attachment, the software downloads into your
computer.
2.Links to malicious websites attached to emails
Once you click on the attached link, it will lead you to a fake website which will trick
you, the user, to enter private information which can be emails, passwords or even banking
details.
3.Social Networking Pages
Fake profiles can entice users into following a link to websites wherein they can, again,
get your information.
4.Hijacking advertisements
Hackers or cybercriminals place ads containing malicious codes on real websites.
5.Malicious Mobile applications
If you think every application on Google Playstore and Apple store is safe and legit then
you might want to think again. Some applications may contain malicious codes that help cyber
criminals get your data.
6.Smishing
This is phishing but via phone call or SMS messages. It is when someone tricks you into
giving them your information.

Privacy Issues
A privacy of an individual is essential because it is the key to all of your social liberty and
freedom. It is a right that most of the public and private people value the most. All of the
person's freedom depends on privacy and at the present time, privacy is not secured anymore
because of social media. Today, it is normal to share confidential information online on social
networking sites that users believe that it is safe to have this kind of habit. An American
entrepreneur and philanthropist, Mark Zuckerberg once said in 2010 that the users of today's
social networking sites have developed more into being open because of numerous and

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countless people sharing personal information online and is continuously becoming expansive
every year. Users must know that data can be stolen and may be utilized in harmful ways like
for fraud or stalking.

Philippines might have suffered its most terrible government knowledge breach for just about a
month before its elections. Personal data, as well as fingerprint knowledge and passport
information that belongs in a span of seventy million individuals are alleged to have been
compromised by hackers. A terrifying assemblage of smart hackers used their chance to attack
the openness of the system together with the automated voting machines. The group
Anonymous Philippines has asserted their responsibility for the damage.

Philippine banks are always targets of foreign hackers. It has always been a problem in regards
to international cybersecurity due to its weak spots. The attacks are somehow considered as
examples to determine the weaknesses of the banks.

According to Philippine Daily Inquirer, there was a discovery in the Central Bank of Bangladesh,
where $81 million were stolen. The massive amount of robbery was verified that it started in
the month of November 2015 up to March 2016 and took them on at least five (5) months to
fully steal the said cash. According to Suparna Goswami, another attack has occurred on
February 28, 2019 where an unauthorized third party uncovered the database of Dow Jones
with a record of more than 2.4 million that contains private and secured information in their
business. The attackers exposed the passwords leaving it unprotected and visible to public
servers.

Lesson 2. Online Ethics

Ethics,Etiquette and Netiquettes

We first identify what is ethics. Ethics is defined as what deals with moral principles, it is the
understanding and knowing the difference of what is good and bad. While etiquette is the way
people behave in an orderly manner in a social setting, and it refers to your polite behavior and
good manners.

Everyone can gain access to the internet and everyone too can post and interact with almost
everything that is posted publically in the internet. With this kind of freedom, there should be
proper manner/behavior to be observed. Social etiquettes do not only exist in the real
interacting environment but also online. There are dos and don'ts in the online world and users
must know and apply them to create a good interaction with everyone.

Netiquette is the combination of the two words network and etiquette. It refers to the
distinguished set of rules for what is considered to be acceptable as good online behavior. It
also emphasizes on what are tolerable usage of online resources.

8 Guides for Proper Online Etiquettes

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As an online user, you should be responsible for the actions you are doing in the web by the
means of interacting with other personal businesses. That being said, here are 8 guidelines to
follow for achieving netiquette.
6. Internet should not be used as a platform to harm fellow users.
Online websites should be a safe place wherein each and every person is comfortable in
trusting sharing data with one another without getting abuse in terms of certain processes.

7. Always respect someone's privacy.

Interfering with other user's business should be avoided, and keep in mind that there
are certain laws that are imposed when invading someone's privacy comes into the
application.
8. An Online platform is not a place for stealing.
Copyrights and plagiarism are something that every user should be familiar with when
you are searching for information online in order to avoid major and minor crimes of act.
Paraphrasing and proper crediting of online sources shall be applied. The concept also
applies for the e-commerce industry since there are many fraudulent acts that are
happening in online transaction and businesses. Other subjects such as unofficial
installment of software or applications and illegal access on movies, series and music shall
be avoided as well, when online etiquette is considered.
9. Always be aware of fake news and avoid making it.
Fake news continues to invade our timeline in any given network, and it is relevant to
talk about it. Users should always identify the credibility of the source and avoid sharing it
as much as possible.
10. Apply the good manners and values you have learned in general.
Proper behavior online is a must when using online networks. In simple ways such as
valuing respect and kindness, you can help out on creating a better environment in the
online community.
11. Political correctness should be observed as a standard for social norms.
Keep in mind that online users are composed of diverse people who are raised by
different races, cultures and traditions. Be sensitive enough when you act online and avoid
certain unethical acts such as racism, sexism, homophobia and others.
12. Use proper avatar, as well as proper name, when creating an account.
Billions of account can be found in the internet alone that is why creating a proper
picture in your account and accurate name should be used in order to avoid confusion.
This process shall be applied to avoid stalking account, fake accounts, catfishing, phishing
and others.
13. Think before you click.
Choice of words is important when it comes to posting online and sending private
messages and should be aware on every single word that is about to be seen by an
individual or any group. This shall be used as a golden rule in order to avoid any immoral
act done online
Ethical Dilemmas on the Web

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Dilemma
To be able to complete any decision from the two results in a predictable rate to a
certain condition is called dilemma. The usefulness and influences on the performance of the
website is included on the down sides of a development dilemma on the web.

From the experience of the past years, the professionals for web have established and settled
upon overall moral values and a lot of professions inherited from the other. Below are the
following examples of right conduct for web specialists:
1. Sending spam or unwanted e-mail is not allowed.
2. Spreading malicious code of program by means of worms or viruses is strictly prohibited.
3. Passing messages along chain e-mail, particularly to those people that indicate extortions.

Spam
It is a message thru email that the receiver did not want or ask to receive a message
from the sender. It is unwanted e-mail that whether you are aware of whether like it or not you
will be receiving this kind of message if someone you sent it to you. Everyday millions of spam
messages or unwanted mail are sent to the users of Web regardless to their location.
Some of the people are using this kind of unwanted mail to cause harm to other people,
to fool other people and to make money to other people. As a web user sometimes we didn't
notice or recognize that we are already encountering or reading a spam message. Below are
the some examples of unwanted mails that we didn't know that we have encountered it.

Online Safety and Security

Online Safely

Online Safety may be considered to be one of the biggest worries of parents for their children.
Parents always want their children to be safe, may it be outside their homes or in the online
world. Since there have been great innovations in the technology realm from the creation of
computer, online safety became much easier to achieve and it continually improves in the
future.

Online Safety, or Internet safety, is the knowledge of cultivating and maximizing the user's
private personal safety and security risks on their private information that is in the internet.
Users of the internet continually grow every day and they are concerned with the information
they put up. These concerns are commonly heard as any type of offensive or malicious
websites, users, and software. Crimes can also be www.idenheadprimaryademy cele committed
online like stealing someone's identity, stalking, and more. These are the reasons that some
pages put up safety measures and chat sites just to promote online safety. The government has
also taken action on this matter, producing organizations and groups to enforce online safety.

Online Security

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Or Internet Security is a branch of security that takes on the internet field, The purpose and
objective is to establish guidelines, dealings, and measures ose against the occurrences that
attack over the internet. Different ways and methods have been used to counter and protect
the transferring of private data, this includes encryption. Internet security involves browsing
security but it can be generally applied in applications and operating systems.

10 Advice to stay Safe Online

1. Create complex and unpredictable passwords

2. Network Security
3. Using a Firewall
4. Think Before you Click
5. Selective Sharing
6. Protecting your Mobile Life
7. Safe Shopping and Surfing
8. Update
9. Keep a lookout
10. Guard up

Researches and Organization of Online Etiquettes

Online Etiquette is considered one of the most important things that online users are
supposed to have when having full access to the internet. Because of its relevance,
organizations found in the world-wide-web and researches related to it are provided for the
people to have guides on proper behavior, discipline and responsibility for computer and
communication ethics.
Here are some of the following:

1. Centre for Computing and Social Responsibility

A research institute found in De Montfort University in Leicester UK that
specializes the importance of ethics and the continuous emergence of technologies. The
goal of the institute is to give assistance to teaching consulting and advising to people in
need, as well as improving the impacts to citizens who are influenced by computing and
everyday technologies in the society.

2. Communication and Technology (Emily Post Institute)

Netizens are provided a variety collection of online article with regards to proper
etiquette related to the behavior done online. This website conceptualizes how one
should interact with the community when using mobile devices in order to remain
polite while using technology.
3. Computer and Information Ethics (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
An encyclopedic section that provides link regarding computer ethics online and
contains several information that would benefit the online reader. With the
application of the information and communication technology in any field such as the

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industry of entertainment, e-commerce, medical careers, online security and such,

the encyclopedia provides relation of information and computer ethics that the online
citizen can use.
4. CONTU (National Commission on New Technology Uses of Copyrighted
Works)
An article provided by the congress in order to highlight the importance of
copyrights law from everyday users of the online media. The study had been created
in order to raise awareness on the database protection and other sources of
information that can be found online such as the concept of photocopiers
5. Technology and Ethics (Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility)
Several links are provided in the website wherein the act of ethics for the
professional computer users are given specific guidelines to follow with the benefit of
one's responsibility with updates news and timely technological issues.

TEACHER’S INSIGHT
Data breach is a cybercrime in which a cybercriminal extracts data from a certain
source. Usual data breach is done through remote network or through a physical access to a
computer or network. The internet police on the other hand, is an organization led by the
government agencies in countries that are in charge with policing internet. Application security
is protection for software, hardware and another procedural method for external threats. A
privacy of an individual is essential because it is the key to all of your social liberty and
freedom. It is a right that most of the public and private people value the most. All of the
person's freedom depends on privacy and at the present time, privacy is not secure anymore
because of social media.
This chapter discussed policing the internet which includes the privacy and surveillance
where in it talks about the police in the internet, illegal handling of information, usage of
security applications, state of privacy in the internet. In this chapter as well talks about the
online ethics wherein it discussed the ethics, etiquette and netiquettes in this part. It will serve
as your guide to know what are the proper online etiquette? Aside from that, this part talks
about the ethical dilemma on the web wherein it tackles about the dilemma that you are
experiencing in using the web. Part on this chapter also tackles about the online safety and
security. On how to be safe and secure while you are in online mode. This part also gives ten
advice on how to stay safe while you were online. In additional to this chapter, it presented as
well the researches and organization of online etiquettes. The whole chapter covers policing the
internet that will help the users to become intelligent and knowledgeable when using the web.

RELATE TO PRACTICE

Based from your readings of the above notes, answer the following as best as you
can:
1. Why do we need to have a strong security in our social media or in using internet?
2. Describe what is online etiquette.

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Place your answer on a short bond paper (either handwritten or encoded may do) using
intended WORK SHEET that is part of the Appendices. Those who are using LMS, must submit
the output online while those who are using IG (offline), must compile their output in the
learning Portfolio to be submitted (schedule to be announced soon).

SELF-ASSESSMENT. Make a brochure about the internet security

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CHAPTER 8. FUTURE OF INTERNET

• Discuss the evolution of Internet and the underlying factors that help its growth;
• Explain the capabilities of Internet of things to the current and future generation;
• Discuss the essence of Digital Literacy in our generation;
• Explain the advantages and disadvantages of too much interconnectivity to the millenials;
• Explain the oppurtunities and capabilities of internet

Evolution of Internet of Things

a. Pre-Internet
A Human-to-Human Communication era wherein internet does not yet artist.
What only existed is the network, which is used in sending messages through SMS and
via telephone calls.
b. Internet of Content
Highlights the emergence of World Wide Web to where it is used in the early
forms of emails and services for entertainment.
c. Internet of Services
Internet is used in a frequent way, commonly applied in e-commerce and e-
productivity
d. Internet of People
The internet continues to develop as a convenient way of connecting with
different people. It is with the help of various technological innovations such as the birth
of Facebook, Twitter and other social media sites.
e. Internet of Things
Because of the continuous evolution in the Internet, the communication between
machines is born. In this era, the creation of Artificial Intelligence and various machines
has levelled up its human features.

Lesson 2. Factors behind the Success of Internet

1. Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

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These protocols provide standards in using the internet. Considered as a

communication language, IP is used by various computers with the use of network.

What is IPv6?
It is the newest version of Internet Protocol, which follows the growth in the
internet. It is an upgraded version of the version 4 that focuses on the security issues
and mobility features. In addition, it featured lengthened version of the 32 bits to 128
bits.
What are some of the features of IPv6?
a. Provided an Internet Protocol Security support.
b. Lengthened version of the 32 bits to 128 bits.
c.Manual Configuration is not required
d. Moves data to an Internet Protocol Version 6 extension headers.

2. World Wide Web and Hypertext Markup Language

These links will lead to different data stored in a computer through network. This gives
access to the following contents from resources called websites.

3. Browser/Search Engines
Browser is a type of software program that gives way to World Wide Web in its
capabilities in accessing data while a search engine is software that enables the user to
search on the internet.
4. Internet Service Providers
a. Regional Internet Service Providers
It provides Internet service in local users of a geographical area.
b. National Internet Service Providers
One of the types of Internet Service Provider that gives access to different cities
in a specific area. Rates of these services depending on different features it
provides.

Lesson 3. Oppurtunitues and Challenges

1. Smarter Cities
Because of the technological advances, cities will be able to use this in
controlling different aspects of that is vital to the development of the community. This
also includes the business and cities itself in handling large data and in monitoring the
safety of the people in a community by the use of surveillance cameras and even
transportations.
2. Access
The Internet allows us to have an easy access to information and data and
enable us to control it. But with these capabilities, there are greater risks. This involves
the violation of privacy and other cybercrime-related issues. With these and the
participation of everyone who is in the expertise, expect that more actions will be taken
to resolve these issues.

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3. Governance
The government itself can make use of the Internet in providing services for the
citizens. In the presence of Internet, governing a particular state is much easier as it
provides resources in creation, reinforcement, or reproduction of social norms and
institutions. The United Nations formed the Internet Governance Forum during the 2013
and 2015 World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS). The main purpose of its
creation concerns with connecting people to share information that can lead to solutions
in a particular Internet issue. This forum also includes sharing ideas and thoughts that
can lead to different useful developments in a given Internet Governance.
4. Security
It is still a challenge for Internet to manage and handle large-scale data which is
mainly because of the wider connectivity of networks that is more prone to security
problems. On the other hand, with the evolution of Internet called the Internet of
things, more ways to handle these issues like security breaches will likely be taken into
action.
5. Businesses / E-Commerce
With the internet's integration in business, a company is able to manage its data
effectively and in predicting sales based on the data given. Internet is widely used by
businesses who wanted to keep track of their sales and the progress regarding the
satisfaction and the development of their business process. Also with higher
interconnectivity, organizations find it easier to acquire data and use it and improve their
service as a basis for their innovation. Also because of the complexity of Internet, it
would be a challenge for these organizations to be able to make it their strength.

Lesson 4. The Future Ahead: The Internet and the Millennial

An Emphasis to Digital Literacy

Digital Literacy refers to the skills of evaluating and analyzing contents about technology
use. It also pertains to the generation of information and the way of communicating it
effectively with the use of cognitive and technical skills of a person. This may include the
creation of contents in a website and the integration of tools for sharing it.
Nowadays, it is very important that humans are digital literates especially for millennials
who are widely using the Internet and are equipped with different technologies. It is for the
reason that in sharing and creating information, there should be standards or restrictions to it
and people should analyze the data first as it had a definite impact to others that is considered
part of a network.
With the fast-changing development in Internet, Digital Literacy is much in need to
effectively use the Internet and reach its purpose in forming and sharing relevant information

The Connection between the Internet and the Millennials

We are now living in a Digital World and as one of the generation is much more
concerned about the capabilities of Internet, it is more likely to affect them positively and not in
a negative manner. This is because of the realization that they are actually living in the world

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that is already equipped with different technological advances and a world where everyone is
connected. In a research conducted, the impact of Internet to Millennials is examined with
application to the year 2020.

Advantages of Hyperconnectivity to Millennials in Today’s generation and into the

Future

1. Way of Communication
Social media sites are the new way for the millennials to express their thoughts,
emotions and share information to their colleagues and friends. With this, they are able
to communicate with other people through the use of online messaging and through
emails. This creates an easy access to individuals connected to a network and gives
convenience in sending and acquiring information.

2. Gathering Information
To find or locate for something in the internet, mostly make of the browsers and
search engines. Most of these users are millennials who are using these engines for their
personal, academic and professional life. However, at the top of these applications are
the social media sites that include informative contents.

3. Entertainment
The internet has become a way of entertainment for many casera Video Media
Sites, Entertainment sites and Web/Mobile Gaming enable the use to interact with
different devices powered by the Internet that keeps them interested in it.

4. Develop Thinking Capacity

Due to the advancement in technology with the help of Internet, human acquire
knowledge and from it, they learn and discover something. Internet is not only providing
education to individuals but instead it leads to the complex ability of humans to visualize
things in a larger scale allowing them to solve real life and mathematical problems that
can eventually help the society and them personally.

Disadvantages:

1.Poor life decisions

Millennials nowadays are very dependent to search engines resulting to results that
mostly are the basis for their decision-making. It is because the generation now are very time-
conscious and wanted to accomplish a task in a faster way. Moreover, because these search
engines apparently similar to a human's capability to think, these will much likely negatively
affect someone's lives, as people cannot be able to determine the difference of facts and
opinions. Millennials specially are very fond of instants and they are actually applying it to the
world of internet.

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2.Poor Learning Behaviour

Impacts on every user's learning behavior would likely alter caused by the high
interaction with Internet. Based on the research conducted by Pew Research Center, too much
dependence on the information from the Internet would result in lessening the deep thinking
capabilities of individuals.

3.Lack of social skills

Together with poor learning behavior, humans specially the millennials would probably
suffer from different social issues. It is because of the walls created by the Internet to the real
world that most millennials do not have a chance to go out and communicate with their families
and friends in a face-to-face manner. This would link to poor self-confidence and different
mental illnesses, which was proven by different statistical research conducted by different
organizations concerned in the issue.
4.Unhealthy Lifestyle
Internet addiction is already an issue since then and part of the expectation in the future
years is it will still become a huge problem of the society. We cannot remove the fact that
everyone is attached in his or her phones and so we are informed of the effects of too much
usage of these devices in our health. Some of these are the sedentary lifestyle and the
development of carpal tunnel syndrome.

TEACHER’S INSIGHT
This chapter discussed the future of the Internet, which includes the process that
affected the success of the Internet are tackled which included the Internet Protocol and
Service Providers. However, the opportunities and challenges that lie in the development of
Internet are also presented. Some of these are the utilization of Internet in bringing more
secured and smarter cities and in giving opportunities to organizations in managing large-scale
data that will be beneficial in monitoring the growth of the business. In contrast, these
opportunities created more risks in terms of the information availability to a much bigger
platform that is somehow difficult to secure. The chapter also focuses on the relationship of
Internet ánd the millennials. Part of these is the advantages and disadvantages of using
Internet and too much interaction with it. It includes the convenience it gives to the users and
how it is keeping the users entertained. In contrary, the future predicts that using Internet will
probably result to poor decision making for individuals equipped with it. Lastly, the digital
literacy is highlighted to inform on how the Internet evolves over time from Pre-internet until it
reaches this generation when the Internet of things was formed. In addition, the factors the
users of the responsible use of Internet and the proper practice in sharing information and in
evaluating the authenticity of contents in web pages and in any digital platforms.

RELATE TO PRACTICE
Make a Reflection paper on the topic: “The Millennials: Partner Towards Transformational
Society; An Answer to Societal Change.”

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SELF-ASSESSMENT. Answer the following questions.

1. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of Internet to millennials.

2. Describe the following era of the internet Evolution.

a. Pre-Internet

b. Internet of Content

c. Internet of Services

d. Internet of People

e. Internet of Things

3. What is Digital Literacy?

4. In your personal opininon, in what way does internet affect the society
positively/negatively in the future? Explain your answer.

5. Did you consider yourself a digital literate? Why or why not?

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

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TITLE: LIVING IN THE IT ERA September 2020
Revision No. 00

(PDF) The Benefits of Facebook "Friends:" Social Capital and College Students' Use of Online
Social Network Sites. (n.d.). Retrieved August 24, 2020, from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220438224_The_Benefits_of_Facebook_Friends_Soci
al_Capital_and_College_Students'_Use_of_Online_Social_Network_Sites

West, S. (2018, June 28). Council Post: Meeting Millennial Expectations In These Four Areas Of
Technology. Retrieved August 24, 2020, from
https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2018/06/28/meeting-millennial-expectations-
in-these-four-areas-of-technology/

Take Care of Your Superstars! (n.d.). Retrieved August 24, 2020, from
http://educationinitiative.thepacificinstitute.com/articles/story/millennials changing-the-face-of-
higher-education?fbclid=IWAR1I14FXZ-qzewwUYDn_

Revision No. Details Organizer Reviewer Approving Date Page No.

00 Original Subject Teacher Program Coordinator/Dean Academic Affairs September 2020 70 of 70