Starting Out With Visual C#, 4th Edition Page 1

Solution Manual for Starting out with Visual C# 4th Edition

Gaddis 0134382609 9780134382609
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4th-edition-gaddis-0134382609-9780134382609/

Chapter 4: Answers to the Review Questions

Multiple Choice

1. c
2. b
3. d
4. a
5. c
6. b
7. c
8. a
9. b
10. a
11. b
12. c
13. a
14. c
15. b
16. d
17. b
18. a
19. c
20. b

True or False

1. False
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. True
6. False
7. True
8. False
9. False

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Starting Out With Visual C#, 4th Edition Page 2

10. False

Short Answer

1. A conditionally executed statement is performed only when a certain condition is true.

2. A dual alternative decision structure (the if-else statement)
3. The && operator connects two Boolean expressions into one compound expression. Both
subexpressions must be true for the compound expression to be true.
4. The || operator connects two Boolean expressions into one compound expression. One or both
subexpressions must be true for the compound expression to be true. It is only necessary for
one of the subexpressions to be true, and it does not matter which.
5. The && operator.
6. A flag is a variable that signals when some condition exists in the program. When the flag
variable is set to false, it indicates the condition does not exist. When the flag variable is set
to true, it means the condition does exist.
7. (1) the string that you want to convert, and (2) the name of the variable in which you want to
store the converted value.
8. They have a Checked property that determines whether the control is selected or deselected.
The Checked property is a Boolean property, which means that it may be set to either True or
False. When the Checked property is set to True, the control is selected, and when the Checked
property is set to False, the control is deselected.
9. (1) Select the ListBox control in the Designer window.
(2) In the Properties window, the setting for the Items property is displayed as (Collection).
When you select the Items property, an ellipsis button ( ) appears.
(3) Click the ellipsis button. The String Collection Editor dialog box appears.
(4) Type the values that are to appear in the ListBox into the String Collection Editor dialog box.
Type each value on a separate line by pressing the Enter key after each entry.
(5) When you have entered all the values, click the OK button.
10. When the user selects an item in a ListBox, the item’s index is stored in the ListBox’s
SelectedIndex property. If no item is selected in the ListBox, the SelectedIndex property is set to
-1. You can examine the SelectedIndex property to make sure that an item is selected in a
ListBox before you try to get the value of the SelectedItem property.

Algorithm Workbench

1. if (x > 100)
{
y = 20;
z = 40;
}

2. if (a < 10)
{
b = 0;
c = 1;
}

Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Starting Out With Visual C#, 4th Edition Page 3

3. if (a < 10)
{
b = 0;
}
else
{
b = 99;
}

4. if (amount1 > 10)

{
if (amount2 < 100)
{
if (amount1 > amount2)
{
MessageBox.Show(amount1 + " is greater.");
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show(amount2 + " is greater.");
}
}
}

5. if (speed >= 24 && speed <= 56)

{
MessageBox.Show("Speed is normal.");
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("Speed is abnormal");
}

6. if (points < 9 || points > 51)

{
MessageBox.Show("Invalid points.");
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("Valid points.");
}

7. if (int.TryParse(pointsTextBox.Text, out points))

{
MessageBox.Show("Points accepted.");
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("Invalid points.");
}

Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Starting Out With Visual C#, 4th Edition Page 4

8. switch (selection)
{
case 1:
MessageBox.Show("You selected 1.");
break;

case 2:
MessageBox.Show("You selected 2.");
break;

case 3:
MessageBox.Show("You selected 3.");
break;

case 4:
MessageBox.Show("You selected 4.");
break;

default:
MessageBox.Show("Not good with numbers, eh?");
break;

9. if (nameListBox.SelectedIndex != -1)
{
MessageBox.Show(nameListBox.SelectedItem.ToString());
}

Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Another document from Scribd.com that is
random and unrelated content:
heart, and see what is the reason the King of glory does not enter in. Is it
too full of the world? Renounce it. Do you not ask often enough?
Resolve to ask oftener. Do you look too much to some who say they
have received faith, but do not bring forth good fruit? Henceforward look
only to G and your own soul. Or do you not know the reason? Ask our
L to shew you, and indeed he will; for he hath promised to fulfil the
desires of them that fear him. Your Cousin can assure you of this. Oh
follow him, as he does C , and you will be as happy as your heart
can wish. Dear Mrs. S――, I am, with all possible thanks for past
favours,

Your obliged friend and servant,

G. W.

LETTER CXXXIII.
To Mrs. Martha B.

Philadelphia, Nov. 28, 1739.

My dear Sister,

I Call you not Martha, but M , for I hope you have chosen the better
part, which shall not be taken from you: And yet not so properly may
you be said to chuse, as the L to have chosen you; for we love
G , because he first loved us. I can trace my conversion through its
several steps, but cannot find one step I first took towards G . I have
been a backslider from my very infancy. Had not G called after me,
and by his spirit said unto me, as unto Adam, “Where art thou? Into what
a dreadful condition hast thou plunged thyself?” I should have fled from
him (if possible) for ever. I am persuaded you, my dear Sister, can
readily say the same; for otherwise how can we truly value our L ’s
redeeming blood? How can we relish the doctrine of G ’s free grace,
and our being freely justified by faith which is in C J ? Oh let
us beg of G to teach us these divine truths more and more, (for he
alone can teach them) and let us lay out ourselves to teach them to
others. You are happy in being in fellowship with some, who I hope will
be ready, if need be, to seal these truths with their blood. Be humble, my
dear Sister, be humble; and cease not to pray for

Your affectionate brother and servant in C ,

G. W.

LETTER CXXXIV.
Philadelphia, Nov. 28, 1739.

Dear Mrs. H.,

R ACHEL brings me glad tidings: She tells me the L

touched your heart by the power of his word, and that your
relations have threatened to cast you out for our L
hath

’s sake.
Rejoice and be exceeding glad. If you endure to the end, and naked
follow a naked C , great shall be your reward in heaven. There is no
being a christian without enduring contempt; no being happy hereafter,
without suffering reproach here. The world can only love its own. As
they hate G , so they must hate those that are desirous to be like him:
But be not dismayed; C ’s strength shall be magnified in your
weakness: A living faith will support you under all. When your father
and mother forsake you, the L will take you up. The greatest foes
you will find to be those of your own heart. Subdue these, and outward
crosses will affect you but little. To conquer yourself will be a laborious
task; but if you believe, J C shall even do this for you. Get out
of yourself, rely wholly on, and be a co-worker with him, and he shall be
to you wisdom, righteousness, sanctification, and redemption. Rachel
greatly wishes this, but not more sincerely than

Your friend and servant in C ,

 G. W.

LETTER CXXXV.
Philadelphia, Nov. 28, 1739.

Dear Mr. P.,

W HAT a divine sympathy and attraction is there between all those

who by one spirit are made members of that mystical body,
whereof J C is the head! I loved your departed wife,
now with G . I love your daughter, and the church in your house, in the
bowels of J C . Blessed be G that his love is so far shed
abroad in our hearts, as to cause us to love one another, though we a little
differ as to externals: For my part, I hate to mention them. My one sole
question is, Are you a christian? Are you sealed by C ’s spirit to the
day of redemption? Are you hungering and thirsting after the perfect,
everlasting righteousness of J C ? If so, you are my brother, my
sister, and mother. I desire to love you as myself. This is my temper; I
am persuaded it is your’s. Why otherwise did you so gladly receive me
into your house? The L reward you and the rest of your christian
brethren. Indeed I am present with you in spirit, and wish you good luck
in the name of the L . O be not slack to praise him in my behalf; for I
have experienced some rich anointings of his holy spirit, and have been
made to see more into the wonders of redeeming love. Did I know more
of your names, I would write to more. This is my comfort, I trust our
names are written in the book of life. Yet a little while, and we shall sit
down together in the kingdom of our Father. A place, though on a lower
form, is, I humbly hope, prepared for

Your affectionate friend and servant,

G. W.
 LETTER CXXXVI.
Philadelphia, Nov. 28, 1739.

Dear Mr. H.,

I F I remember, you used to express a great value for my person and

doctrine, otherwise why should you desire a line from such a wretch
as I am? When I look into myself, and consider how poor and
miserable, and blind and naked my soul is, I wonder that any one should
pay me the least regard. But what shall we say? G will have mercy
upon whom he will have mercy. I am entirely indebted to free grace for
all I have, am, or shall be. You also, I trust, dear Sir, are ready to
subscribe to this; for what have we but what we have received? What
should we have been had G left us to ourselves? Oh let a sense of this
free, distinguishing love constrain us to obedience: A christian needs no
other motive. That is a true gospel-faith which works by love. I often
think it almost presumption to think of rewards in a future state; my
Master amply rewards me in this: But present mercies are only earnests
of future favours. Be not therefore, dear Sir, weary of well-doing, for in
due time we shall reap, if we faint not. The L hath multiplied his
favours towards me since I saw you last. We have had a long but pleasant
and profitable voyage. Oh sing praises unto our G in behalf of, dear
Sir,

Your affectionate friend and servant,

G. W.

LETTER CXXXVII.
Philadelphia, Nov. 28, 1739.

Dear Mrs. A.,

T HESE words of the psalmist, “Let us rejoice in the strength of our
salvation,” often come with great power and comfort upon my
soul. You and I need take much notice of them: For otherwise how
often should we have fallen away from G since our first looking Zion-
wards? But the L as he loves us freely, so he will heal our
backslidings. He neither will let us fall into sin or error, so as finally to
destroy our souls. G forbid this should encourage us in sin. It is only
intended to support us in danger, and to strengthen us under temptations.
Since there is such infinite mercy with G , it is a cogent reason why he
should be loved and feared; but not why he should be disobeyed: And
since G has lately led you out of delusion, be more watchful over
yourself, my dear Sister, to follow those who truly shew you the way of
salvation.—To hear of your standing stedfast in the L , will highly
delight

Your affectionate friend and servant in C ,

G. W.
 LETTER CXXXVIII.
To the Rev. Mr. R. E.

Philadelphia, Nov. 28, 1739.

Rev. and Dear Sir,

T HE cordial and tender love which I bear you, will not permit me to
neglect any opportunity of sending to you. I bless the L
my soul, for raising you and several other burning and shining
from

lights to appear for him in this midnight of the church. My heart has been
much warmed during my voyage, by reading some of your sermons,
especially that preached before the associate presbytery. I long more and
more to hear the rise and progress of your proceedings, and how far you
would willingly carry the reformation of the church of Scotland. There
are some expressions which I suppose will be interpreted to your
disadvantage, both by your domestic and foreign enemies. I should be
glad to know who are those martyrs to which you refer, and of what
nature those covenants were which you mention in your sermon. My
ignorance of the constitution of the Scotch church is the cause of my
writing after this manner. I should be obliged to you, if you would be
pleased to recommend to me some useful books, especially such which
open the holy sacrament; for in G ’s law is my delight. Boston’s
fourfold State of Man I like exceedingly. Under G it has been of much
service to my soul. I believe I agree with you and him in the essential
truths of christianity. I bless G , his spirit has convinced me of our
eternal election by the Father through the Son, of our free justification
through faith in his blood, of our sanctification as the consequence of
that, and of our final perseverance and glorification as the result of all.
These I am persuaded G has joined together; these, neither men nor
devils shall ever be able to put asunder. My only scruple at present is,
“Whether you approve of taking the sword in defence of your religious
rights?” One of our English bishops I remember, when I was with him,
called you Cameronians. They, I think, took up arms, which I think to be
contrary to the spirit of J C and his apostles. Some few
passages in your sermon before the presbytery, I thought were a little
suspicious of favouring that principle. I pray G your next may inform
me that I am mistaken: For when zeal carries us to such a length, I think
it ceases to be zeal according to knowledge. Dearest Sir, be not angry at
my writing thus freely. I love, I honour you in the bowels, and for the
sake of J C , from my soul. I wish you good luck in all your
pious undertakings. I pray G to prosper the works of your hands, and
to make you a noble instrument in bringing many sons to glory. Pray
send an immediate answer, directed as usual, and care will be taken to
have it remitted to, reverend and dear Sir,

Your most affectionate brother, friend, fellow-labourer, and obliged

servant,

G. W.

LETTER CXXXIX.
Philadelphia, Nov. 28, 1739.

Dear Brother,

I T is much upon my heart to send you a line. Although you are not
with me, yet as G was pleased to touch you by my unworthy
ministry, I love you with a peculiar love. Business prevented my
writing to you when in Yorkshire. I was sorry to hear that Brother J――
had reason to blame your conduct. My dear brother, be not offended, if in
the meekness and gentleness of C , I exhort you to be sober-minded.
Follow after, but do not run before the blessed Spirit; if you do, although
you may benefit others, and G may over-rule every thing for your
good, yet you will certainly destroy the peace of your own soul. G has
been pleased to call you by his grace, and to give you joy in the Holy
Ghost: But, my brother, I hope it will be more settled and substantial,
and joined with meekness and humility of heart. A joy which is the result
of inward trials, and flowing from a long experience of the buffeting of
satan. Such a joy will make you apt and fit to teach, and keep you from
being puffed up above measure. It will exalt, at the same time as it
humbles your soul. The L direct my dear brother in all things: I wish
all his servants were prophets; but let every one be rightly persuaded of
his call to public teaching. It is dangerous to touch the ark, though it be
falling, without a commission from above. But no more. I am

Your most affectionate brother in C ,

G. W.

LETTER CXL.
Philadelphia, Nov. 28, 1739.

Dear Mr. B.,

Y OUR kind present of flour has been of singular use to me and my

family; I pray G , in return, to feed you with that bread which
cometh down from heaven. You are one of my first and choicest
friends. You have not been ashamed to own me, or to attend on my
ministry. It will wonderfully rejoice me, to see you exalted at our L ’s
right-hand in a future state. The way you know. J C is the way,
the truth, and the life. Through faith in his blood shall you have free
access into the holy of holies. I hope dear Mr. B. is not in the number of
those, who want to make a Saviour of their own works, and thereby deny
the L , who has so dearly bought them with his precious blood: No, I
am persuaded you are more noble. Mr. B―― has not so learnt C .
He is willing, I trust, to ascribe his salvation to G ’s free grace, and to
let J C be all in all. I hope your brother, and those young men
you brought with you out of Spittlefields, are likewise thus minded.
Though absent, yet I do not forget them. O exhort them from me, to save
themselves from this untoward generation. My dear friend, do you go
before them, and let them learn of you how to walk with G . It is a
difficult thing to be a christian indeed. Numbers are Pharisees, and do
not know it. I pray G you may be delivered from them, and be made
experimentally to know that no one can call J C “his L ,”
till he has really received the Holy Ghost. I could dwell on this, but other
business obliges me to hasten to subscribe myself, dear Mr. B――,

Your most obliged friend and servant,

G. W.

LETTER CXLI.
Philadelphia, Nov. 28, 1739.

Reverend Sir,

I AM not willing to go on shore till I have performed my promise, and

sent you a line. I heartily wish I could write something which might
advance the glory of G and the good of his church. As we both
profess ourselves ministers of the gospel, these two things ought to be
our chief and only concern, and more especially at this time, when men
seek their own and not the things of the L J . Oh, dear Sir, the
care of souls I find to be a matter of the greatest importance. You have a
great number committed to your charge. What a dreadful thing will it be
for any of them to perish through your neglect? And yet I fear, Sir, you
do not walk worthy of the holy vocation wherewith you are called. It is
no good report that I hear of you in common life. Your practice
contradicts your doctrine, and what good can you do, if every one of
your parishioners, whilst you are preaching, may reply, “Physician heal
thyself?” Besides, Sir, how can you preach C to others, when you
are a stranger to his power yourself? It is next to impossible. I make no
apology for this plainness of speech. Simplicity becomes embassadors of
C . I am, reverend Sir,
 Your obliged friend and servant,

G. W.

LETTER CXLII.
Philadelphia, Nov. 28, 1739.

Dear Mr. G.,

I NDEED I love you, though it was so long before I came to see you.
Want of time, not of respect, was the cause. G is my judge how
earnestly I long after your salvation, and how willingly I would spend
and be spent in order to promote it. Oh how closely does true faith in
J C our head, knit all his members in love to one another; what
a divine harmony and attraction is there between them, when they have
drank into and been made partakers of one and the same spirit? How
does the love of G dilate and enlarge their hearts! How do all little
distinctions about externals fall away, and every other name is
swallowed up in the name of J C ? This, my dear brother, is that
catholic spirit, which will cement all denominations of sincere professors
together. This is the spirit of which free distinguishing grace has made
you a partaker, and which I pray G we both may partake of every day
more and more. He is faithful who has promised, who also will do it. I
find it is not in vain that we have believed in J . He is G , and his
work is perfect; his love is like himself unchangeable; his gifts and
callings are without repentance, and therefore, though I am but a babe in
C , yet I am persuaded I shall see you crowned with glory. Then, my
dear brother, we shall have time enough together. Then, there will be no
parting, no fear of falling; but we shall drink eternally of those pleasures
which flow from G ’s right hand for evermore. Supported with this
hope, what hinders but I may come once again, when the L permits,
and offer C ’s everlasting righteousness to poor perishing sinners.
The devil and his servants will rage horribly, and perhaps cast me into
prison, nay, put me to death: But if you will come and visit me, by the
help of my G , I will preach to you even there; for I am not ashamed of
the gospel of C . I have felt it to be the power of G unto my
salvation. Oh, my brother, the fire kindles whilst I am writing; but I must
have done. Pray salute those dear souls that I spoke to at your house, and
all other friends. Entreat them to pray and give thanks for me; and assure
them they are not forgotten by

Ever yours in C ,

G. W.

LETTER CXLIII.
Philadelphia, Nov. 28, 1739.

Mr. H――,

A S you stand so nearly related to your daughter, who is with me,

though I am unknown to you in person, yet I make bold to send
you a line to inform you of her welfare. I find she did not confer
much with you about her intended voyage; but I hope both you and her
will have great reason to rejoice in the end. G has been pleased to visit
her with some illness, but now she is perfectly recovered. What is best of
all, I hope her soul prospers, and is fitting more day by day for the
enjoyment of G . This was the chief end of her going abroad, and give
me leave to tell you, this is the chief thing you ought, and must pursue at
home. But why do I say at home? A christian hath no home but heaven.
He is a stranger and pilgrim while here on earth. I hope you know better,
Mr. H――, than to think you was born to drive a team, or plough a piece
of ground. These things must be done, but then they should be done in
subordination to the care of your better part, the soul. Your daughter tells
me, you are now grey headed. Take heed, dear Mr. H――, to make your
calling and election sure. Rest not in outward things. Do not flatter
yourself that you are a christian, because you go to church, and do no
one any harm. Nothing but a living faith in C J our dear L ,
can qualify you for eternal life. Without this, G will be to us a
consuming fire; and unless we are born again, and made new creatures in
C , we never shall enter into the kingdom of G . If you know not
what I mean by these terms, you may depend upon it, you are a stranger
to this new-birth, and consequently in a state of death: but you need not
fear; even at the eleventh hour C will accept you, if you come to
him by faith. He hath shewn mercy to your son and daughter. Why may
he not shew mercy to their father also? Whosoever cometh to him, he
will in no-wise cast out. Haste then, dear Sir, out of your spiritual Sodom.
Linger not. Nothing will more rejoice your dear children, than to see you
brought to an experimental knowledge of the truth, that you may be
saved. For their sakes, you are particularly remembered by

Your unknown but sincere friend and servant in C ,

G. W.

LETTER CXLIV.
To the Rev. Mr. P――.

Upper Marlborough (Mary Land) Dec. 8, 1739.

Rev. and dear Sir,

T ILL now, I have neither had leisure nor freedom to answer your
kind letter. Blessed be G , who has opened the hearts of some of
his people at New York to receive the word. May he enable you to
water what his own right hand hath planted, and grant to your labours a
divine increase! Indeed I wish you good luck in the name of the L .I
wish all his servants were prophets. Oh that he would be pleased to send
forth experimental labourers into his harvest:—for I fear amongst you, as
well as in other places, there are many who are well versed in the
doctrines of grace, having learned them at the university, but
notwithstanding are heart-hypocrites, and enemies to the power of
godliness.—Dear Sir, I use this freedom, because I love simplicity. I
confess I am but a child in grace, as well as years. Pardon this freedom,
for out of the fulness and sincerity of my heart my pen writeth.—I thank
your son and dear Mr. S―― for what they did on my account. Alas, I
fear they think too highly of me. Oh dear Sir, entreat the G of all grace
to give me humility, so shall success not prove my ruin. My most cordial
respects and hearty thanks attend dear Mrs. P――, I pray G in all
things to make her a help meet for you—As fast as I can snatch a few
moments from public business, more New York friends may expect to
hear from me—A sense of their favours is still upon my heart—I would
willingly remember them, whenever I go in and out before the L . Mr.
N――’s letter, and my next journal, will acquaint you, how the L
J has been getting himself the victory, since I left New York—There
has been such little opposition, that I have been tempted almost to cry
out, “Satan, why sleepest thou?” But G pities my weakness. Oh, dear
Sir, thank him in my behalf, for indeed he deals most lovingly with, Rev.
Sir,

Your most unworthy brother and fellow-labourer,

G. W.

LETTER CXLV.
Upper Marlborough, Dec. 8, 1739.

Dear Sir,

I Cannot defer writing to dear Mr. N―― any longer.—This afternoon

G brought us hither. Some are solicitous for my staying here to-
morrow. As it seems to be a call from providence, I have complied
with their request. Oh that I may be enabled to lift up my voice like a
trumpet, and to speak with the demonstration of the spirit and with
power. These parts are in a dead sleep. At Anapolis, I preached twice,
and spoke home to some ladies concerning the vanity of their false
politeness. But alas, they are wedded to their Quadrille and Ombre. The
minister of the place was under convictions—He wept twice, and
earnestly begged my prayers. He will not frighten people I believe with
harsh doctrine,—he loves to prophesy smooth things.—G blessed the
word wonderfully at Philadelphia. I have great reason to think many are
brought home to G . When I return, it will then be seen, who has
received the word into an honest and good heart. By the divine
assistance, I propose revisiting Philadelphia, New York, and to go as far
as Boston, and so return to Georgia, before I take shipping again for
England—The L direct my going in his way! About May you may
expect to see me. My dear friend, pray that I may so improve the time of
my absence, that at my return my progress may be made known to all
men. It shames me to see what little proficiency I have made in the
school of C . If I do not begin to press forwards, how shall I appear
before my blessed L ? I feel myself to be the chief of sinners; surely
never was a greater instance of redeeming distinguishing love. G
forbid that I should glory in any thing but free grace: had not G
plucked me as a brand out of the fire, I had now either been given over to
a reprobate mind, or cast into a place of torment. Oh help me, help me,
dearest Mr. N――, help me to be thankful, and accept my thanks, though
late, for all favours received when at New York. Indeed I love you in the
bowels of our dear L J . Salute your dear wife my kind hostess:
exhort her to be severely kind to her little boy.—My most cordial
respects attend all who ask after me. Entreat them to continue their
prayers, dearest Mr. N――, for

Your weak, but affectionate friend, brother and servant in C ,

G. W.

LETTER CXLVI.
To Mr. B――.

Upper Marlborough, Dec. 8, 1739.

 Dear Sir,

G RATITUDE obliges me to send you a letter of thanks for your last

kind present, and all other favours; but the love of our L
C
J
constrains me to write to you, exhorting you earnestly to
contend for the faith once delivered to the saints. I humbly hope the
L has been pleased to bless my coming in these parts to many, and
amongst them to you also. It rejoiced me to find dear Mr. B―― was
convinced that I preached the truth as it is in J . It pleased me
exceedingly, to find how his eyes were opened to see the direct
contrariety there is, between the spirit of C and the spirit of the
world. What has my dear friend now to do, but to prosecute these
convictions, and never rest till they end in a sound conversion. G has
given you richly all things to enjoy. Be persuaded henceforward not to be
so cumbered about the many trifles of this life, as to neglect the one
thing needful, Dare, Sir, to be singularly good, Oh dare to let your light
shine before men—Be not ashamed of C and his gospel. Come out
from your carnal acquaintance, and live as becomes a true follower of
our L J . Dear Mr. B――, I hope will join with you. G ’s spirit
has been and is now striving with his heart. I pray G to make this the
accepted time, and cause it to be the day of his salvation. How will it fill
me with joy at my return to Philadelphia, to see dear Mr. B―― and
some other excellent well-meaning people, whom I love, become
despised followers of the Lamb of G . If my prayers may be any ways
assisting, as G shall enable me you may depend on them—Our dear
friend B―― can inform you what G has done for us, since we saw
you. One favour more I beg of you; give thanks as well as pray for

Your most obliged friend and servant,

G. W.

LETTER CXLVII.
To Captain B――.
 Williamsburgh, (Virginia) Dec. 15, 1739.

H ITHER G brought us last night; I trust the same gracious being,

by his good providence, has conducted you safe to Philadelphia. I
cannot say, I have met with so much as even an almost christian,
since I parted from you, till I came to Colonel Whiting’s—There, G
put in my way a planter, that is seeking to know the way of G more
perfectly—He is now with us, and I hope our conversation will be
blessed unto him. Oh dear Mr. B――, strive, I beseech you by the
mercies of G in C J , strive to enter in at the strait gate. G
of late has loudly called you—Take heed that neither the lust of the eye,
the lust of the flesh, nor the pride of life prevail on you to lie down in a
carnal security again. I am confident you will be most heartily despised,
if you are a real christian; but dear Mr. B――’s resolution will be built
on a better foundation, than to let a little breath blow it down. In C
is your strength; look up to him day by day, and as your day is, so shall
your strength be. I fear and pray for you. G only knows, how often
you have been upon my heart. We have not failed interceding for you at
the throne of grace. I shall be much mistaken, if Mr. B―― does not
prove a christian indeed. About May I propose, G willing, to be with
you again. Then I shall rejoice to sit and hear you tell what G has
done for your soul—Be not afraid of conviction. Be not afraid of inward
feelings. Now pray to the L J , to lay the ax of mortification to
the root of your heart. Make thorough work with it. Do not spare
yourself in the least.—Now is the accepted time, and that it may be the
day of salvation, is the earnest prayer of, dear Mr. B――,

Your obliged affectionate friend and servant in C ,

G. W.

LETTER CXLVIII.
To the Rev. Mr. G―― T――.
 Williamsburgh, Dec. 15, 1739.

My dear Brother,

B E not angry because you have not heard from me. Indeed I love and
honour you in the bowels of J C . You are seldom out of
my thoughts; but till now I have not had liberty given me, to send
you a line—I trust the work goes on gloriously in your parts. The hand of
the L brought wondrous things to pass, before we left Pensilvania;
but in these parts satan seems to lead people captive at his will. The
distance of the plantations prevents people’s assembling themselves
together.—Here are no great towns, as in other provinces, and the
commonalty is made up of Negroes and convicts, and if they pretend to
serve G , their masters, Pharaoh like, cry out, “Ye are idle, ye are
idle.” Last night I read the affecting account of your brother John; let me
die, O L , the death of that righteous man, and let my future state be
like his! O my dear friend, my brother, entreat the L that I may grow
in grace, and pick up the fragments of my time, that not a moment of it
may be lost. Teach me, oh teach me the way of G more perfectly.
Rebuke, reprove, exhort me with all authority—I feel I am but a babe in
C . I long to know more of the holy J . He has manifested
himself to my soul, both in a way of humiliation and exaltation. Since I
saw you, both his rod and staff have comforted me. At present, he makes
me young and lively as an eagle; I only wish I was more worthy to
subscribe myself

Your affectionate friend and servant in C ,

G. W.

LETTER CXLIX.
To Mrs. C.

Newton, Cape Fear, Dec. 28, 1739.

 My dear Sister in C ,

J UST now we have been singing the hymn, which we sung at Broad-
oak; and as I generally do at such seasons, I thought of that happy
time wherein we sung it in your great hall. It was a time much to be
remembered, an anticipation, I believe, of that blessed time when we all
shall meet to sing the song of the Lamb in the heavenly Jerusalem—For
the adoption of the spirit, if truly received, is the earnest of our promised
inheritance. We are sealed thereby to the day of redemption, and
therefore may give both men and devils the challenge to separate us, if
they can, from the love of G which is in C J our L —I
am verily persuaded, that since I left you, all things have worked
together for your good. As I am travelling, often does my soul think both
of you and yours, and out of the fulness of my heart, do I often pour forth
this or such like petitions, “Dearest L , be for ever gracious to the
houshold of ――!” My conscience hath smote me frequently, for not
writing you a longer letter. I send this to ask pardon, and to assure you
how often you and your daughters are upon my heart, when I go in and
out before the L —I long to hear how the L J hath magnified
his strength in your weakness. It would fill a volume to tell his goodness
and truth; and my base ingratitude sometimes comes with such
conviction upon my heart, that I can scarce forbear getting off my horse,
and humbling myself in the way side. Indeed, I am the chief of sinners,
and yet overflowing hath the L J been in his love. You will hear
more soon by the journal which will be sent. Dear Mrs. C――, my love
to all.

Your affectionate though unworthy brother in C ,

G. W.

LETTER CL.
Savannah, Jan. 16, 1740.
 Reverend and dear Sir,

W ITH much pleasure (tho’ not till last week) I received your kind
affectionate letter. I thank you for it with all my soul, and pray
G to reward you for this, and all other your works of faith and
labours of love. You may depend on my not being prejudiced against you
or your brethren, by any evil report. They only endear you to me more
and more; and were your enemies to represent you as black as hell, I
should think you were the more glorious in the sight of heaven. Your
sweet criticisms and remarks upon my journal and sermons, were
exceeding acceptable, and very just. I assure you, dear Sir, I am fully
convinced of the doctrine of election, free justification, and final
perseverance. My observations on the Quakers, were only intended for
those particular persons with whom I then conversed. The tenets of the
quakers in general, about justification, I take to be false and unscriptural.
Your adversaries need take no advantage against you, by any thing I have
written; for I think it every minister’s duty to declare against the
corruptions of that church to which they belong, and not to look upon
those as true members of their communion, who deny its publick
constitutions. This is your case in Scotland, and ours in England. I see no
other way for us to act at present, than to go on preaching the truth as it
is in J ; and then if our brethren cast us out, G will direct us to take
that course which is most conducive to his glory, and his people’s good. I
think I have but one objection against your proceedings; “Your insisting
only on presbyterian government, exclusive of all other ways of
worshipping G .” Will not this, dear Sir, necessarily lead you
(whenever you get the upper-hand) to oppose and persecute all that differ
from you in their church government, or outward way of worshipping
G ? Our dear brother and fellow-labourer Mr. G―― T―― thinks this
will be the consequence, and said he would write to you about it. As for
my own part, (though I profess myself a minister of the church of
England) I am of a catholic spirit; and if I see a man who loves the L
J in sincerity, I am not very solicitous to what outward communion
he belongs. The kingdom of G , I think, does not consist in any such
thing. These are my sentiments, dear Sir, and I write them out of love—I
am ashamed (because only a babe in C ) to pretend as it were to
direct; but true friendship needs no apology. G is doing great things in
America. My journal, which I send over with this, will shew you what he
has done already. Your welfare is much upon my heart, and as I am
enabled, I make mention of you in my prayers. Affairs of the Orphan-
house go on well. Some few, even here, love the L J . Oh, dear
Sir, pray for us, and especially for

Your weak unworthy brother and fellow-labourer in C ,

G. W.

LETTER CLI.
Savannah, Jan. 22, 1740.

My Hon. Friend and Brother in C ,

Y OUR last letter quite confounded me. What am I, that I should be

thus highly favoured! I can only say, that “Less than the least of
all G ’s mercies,” shall be my motto still. I have experienced
many inward trials, since I saw you last. But I find they work continually
for my good. I rejoice in what our dear L J has done for your
soul. May a double portion of his blessed spirit rest upon you; may our
glorious ever-blessed Emanuel cause all his glory to pass before you, and
may you be filled with all the fulness of G ! Since my arrival here, I
have received a sweet endearing instructive letter from Mr. Ralph E――;
I have answered it, and told him you promised to write about the
necessity of a catholic spirit. Dr. C―― also has favoured me with a
loving epistle. I have received and read his sermons since I saw you: they
are acute and pointed, but I think not searching enough by many degrees
—My dear brother, I love writers that go to the bottom—G willing, I
hope to be with you at the synod—But what think you? I am sometimes
doubting, whether I shall have sufficient matter given me to preach upon.
Methinks I hear you say, “O thou of little faith! wherefore dost thou
doubt? As thy day is, so shall thy strength be.” Michael and the dragon, I
hear, are carrying on war most bravely in England. I really believe we
shall not die, till we see the kingdom of G come with power. The
affairs of the orphan-house are in great forwardness. I have much to say;
but time and business will not permit. Blessed be G , eternity is at
hand, and then we shall have time enough. I have read some of your
books to my great profit. I want to be taught the way of G more
perfectly all the day long. My tenderest respects await the brethren; my
dear fellow-travellers salute you—You are often remembered both by
them, and

Your affectionate though very weak and unworthy brother, servant and
fellow-labourer in C ,

G. W.

LETTER CLII.
To the Rev. Mr. C.

Savannah, Jan. 24, 1740

Rev. and dear Sir,

I Received your kind, though undeserving letter, and now snatch a few
moments from my other avocations, in order to send you a short
answer. May G who knits the elect in one communion and
fellowship, sanctify our friendship and correspondence to the stirring up
each other to love and to good works!—It pleased me to find you breathe
so catholic a spirit.—O that bigotry and party zeal were not so much as
once named amongst us, as becometh saints! Since C is not divided
in himself, why should christians be divided one amongst another?
Bigotry, I am sure, can never be the fruit of that wisdom which cometh
from above.—No, it is earthly, sensual, and devilish. When I come to
New England I shall endeavour to recommend an universal charity
amongst all the true members of C ’s mystical body. Perhaps
therefore, the fields may be the most unexceptionable place to preach in.
You and your brethren, I am persuaded, will follow our L even
without the camp, and rejoice to bear his sacred reproach. Assist me,
dear Sir, in your prayers, that my coming may be in the fulness of the
gospel of peace—I shall come only with my sling and with my stone.—
If the L shall be pleased so to direct me, that I may strike some self-
righteous Goliahs to the heart, I know you will rejoice with, Rev. and
dear Sir,

Yours most affectionately in the love of our dear L J ,

G. W.

LETTER CLIII.
To Mr. W. D.

Savannah, Jan. 31, 1740.

My dear Brother in C ,

B LESSED be G , for the good report I hear of your zeal for our
dear Emanuel. Go on, I beseech you by the mercies of G
C J ; go on, and I am persuaded the pleasure of the L
in

shall prosper in your hands. If I am thrown aside as a broken vessel, so I

see you and others stirred up to carry on our dear L ’s kingdom, if my
heart does not deceive me, I shall rejoice, yea, and will rejoice. G
blesses the affairs of the orphan-house. The work is large, but we have
omnipotence for our support.—I believe I shall take in near fifty
children. G lets me see every day, that he orders my goings. He visits
me with inward trials; but if I had not such thorns in the flesh, what
would become of me? Fear not to speak the truth; if driven out of
England, here is a noble range for you in America. At present I am
restrained; but I could not rest, without letting you have a line from

Your most affectionate friend brother, and servant,

G. W.
 LETTER CLIV.
To Mrs. D.

Savannah, Jan. 31, 1740.

Dear Madam,

I Rejoice to hear that you are likely to be cast out of your mother’s Will
only for following C . This may be only the beginning of
temptations. G , I believe, out of love will try you to the uttermost.
You have drank deep of heavenly comforts; you must pledge our L
in his cup of sufferings. Those who saw him on mount Tabor afterwards
were with him in the garden. But fear not—The L is with you—
Neither men nor devils shall hurt you. The sweet communion we have
had with G , and through him with one another, often comforts my
soul. Who knows, but that time may be again repeated? Indeed, I want
words as well as time to express with what thankfulness I desire to
subscribe myself, dear madam,

Your unworthy brother and obliged servant in our common L ,

G. W.

LETTER CLV.
To Captain M.

Savannah, Jan. 31, 1740.

Dear Sir,

I Rejoice to hear of your good health, and take this opportunity of

sending you Mr. Law’s and Mr. Haliburton’s life; which I pray G
to sanctify to your benefit and comfort. I hope you will watch over
your heart, and take care to keep up those convictions, which G once
put into your soul. I am afraid of Mr. B. The world, the world I fear has
got hold of him. Dear Captain M――, I trust, will not desert his Master.
—I am sure he would die, rather than prove false to an earthly prince.—
Oh let him not desert his dear Redeemer’s colours. Dear Sir, beg of G
to root out of your heart a desire for that honour which cometh of man.
Till dead to the world you will not be alive to G . Honour, falsely so
called, has destroyed millions. That you may be never carried away with,
or ruined by it, is the hearty prayer of, dear Sir,

Your’s, &c.

G. W.
 LETTER CLVI.
To the Rev. Mr. W. T.

Savannah, Jan. 31, 1740.

My dear and honoured Brother,

B LESSED be G , who hath pleasure in the prosperity of his

servants.—I am abased to think what our all-gracious Redeemer
hath done by my unworthy hands, and rejoice to hear that he is
working by your’s. Oh that you may experience fresh anointings and
teaching from above! O that you may be strengthened by G ’s mighty
power in the inner man, and pull down satan’s strong-holds daily. G
willing, I hope to be with you at the Synod. I find as yet I scarce know
any thing; but if I give out of my little stock, I trust the L will
increase it, as he did the little lad’s loaves and fishes. My journal, which
I have sent to Philadelphia, will tell you what G has done in
Maryland and Virginia. A foundation of great things I believe is laying
here. Oh pray that a sense of his own littleness, may be given to

Your affectionate, though unworthy brother and fellow-labourer in

C ,

G. W.

LETTER CLVII.
 Savannah, Jan. 31, 1740.

My dear Sister,

I Rejoice to hear that you are enabled to see not only the freeness but
eternal duration of G ’s grace. Till the sinner is convinced of this, I
am persuaded he can neither work from a principle of true love, nor
give J C the honour due unto his name. He must always be
making his salvation to depend partly at least on his own doings; “If I do
so and so, J C will give me his grace:” But can any believer
who knows himself, help confessing, that after he had received grace, he
should have finally fallen from it, had the continuance of it depended on
his own will? Indeed, my dear Sister, nothing so much comforts my own
soul as the thought that G will never leave me nor forsake me; if he
does, it must be for my unworthiness: But on that account it cannot be;
for he never chose me on account of my unworthiness. He loved me
freely, he prevented me by his grace; he chose me from eternity, he
called me in time, and I am persuaded will keep me till time shall be no
more.—This consideration makes my faith to work by love. Now, I can
live not barely upon my frames, which notwithstanding are blessed
things, but on the promises. Now, I can go on my way rejoicing, and,
amidst all dejections, lift up my head in prospect of a certain and
exceeding weight of glory. Though I fall, I know I shall rise again; for he
that is brought truly to believe on J C , his faith shall never die.
The L J will not suffer to be lost the purchase of his blood. He
knew for whom he died, and neither men nor devils shall ever pluck
them out of his hands. Such as have been taught most of G , I find, are
thus minded. And I am persuaded were the effects of our L ’s
redemption to depend on a man’s own compliance, or was the
continuance of G ’s grace to depend solely on man’s improvement,
J C would have died in vain. Adam could not stand in paradise
when left to his own free-will, how then can we? No, blessed be G ,
our salvation is put into better hands than our own. J C has
purchased not only wisdom, righteousness, and sanctification, but also
eternal redemption for us. Let this thought, my dear Sister, lift up our
hands when they hang down, and strengthen our feeble knees; G ’s
gifts and callings are without repentance. There is no condemnation to
them that are truly in C J . And I write thus peremptorily to you,
because I find now you are able to bear it.—Blessed be G ! my dear
Sister, flesh and blood has not revealed this unto you. I hope ere long our
brethren will lay all carnal reasoning aside, and see and preach the truth
in this respect, as it is in J . My kindest love to your sister.—What I
write to one, I write to both. The L direct your going in his way, and
cause you to continue instant in prayer for

Your weak brother and servant in C ,

G. W.

LETTER CLVIII.
To Mrs. Elizabeth W――.

Savannah, Jan. 31, 1740.

My dear Sister,

I Have been just reading over your letter, and felt a sweet sympathy
with the writer. Oh that it may increase till we are filled with all the
fulness of G ! Some passages in your letter were dangerous to my
soul. Whenever you see any growth of grace, pray that I may grow in
humility in particular. Oh that I was lowly in heart! Honour and
dishonour, good report and evil report would then be alike, and prove a
furtherance to me in my christian cause.—I believe the time is shortly
coming in which I am to endure something for my L and Master;
then will I cry out, Who is on the L ’s side? Nothing supports me
under a prospect of a trying time, so much as a sense of G ’s
everlasting love. I am persuaded, that neither men nor devils shall ever
pluck me out of his Almighty hands. Let this support you, my dear
Sister, in your change of life. Wherever you are, I am confident you will
have reason to say, “Surely G is in this place.” That you may wax
stronger and stronger, and ripen daily for glory, is the hearty prayer of

Your affectionate brother and servant in our dear Emanuel,

 G. W.

LETTER CLIX.
To Mr. J. N.

Savannah, Jan. 31, 1740.

Dear Sir,

I Hope you will excuse my not answering your kind letter sooner.—The
many avocations that at present surround me, prevented it. I rejoice to
hear that our L J is getting himself the victory in the hearts of
poor sinners. I hope many will now rejoice in his salvation. One good
sign is, that he has employed the meanest, as well as vilest wretch, that
he ever yet sent forth.—When I hear that any good is done by my
unworthy hands, it almost makes me to blush.—Oh that I could humble
myself in the dust, that the L alone may be exalted in his strength. I
purpose to revisit New-York at the appointed time. You told me, “Our
L has not sent me into his vineyard at my own charge.” Indeed, I
always find he furnishes me with things convenient: Nay, he is often so
abundant in goodness and truth, that I am obliged to cry out in holy
admiration, “My L and my G !” Dear Sir, help me to be thankful.
Blessed be G , the Orphan-house affairs succeed well. Many souls will
be redeemed by it from temporal, and I trust, from eternal bondage. I
have taken in upwards of twenty children already, and I take in more
daily.—I am building a large house, have many servants, and a good
stock of cattle. It will cost much money.—But our L will see to that.
My friends at New-York will assist me when I come amongst them. Oh
that my coming may be in the fulness of the blessings of the gospel of
peace! I am persuaded, you will not be wanting in your prayers on behalf
of, dear Sir,

Your obliged friend and servant in C J ,

 G. W.

LETTER CLX.
To Mrs. Elizabeth D――.

Savannah, Feb. 1, 1740.

My dear Sister in C ,

I Generally observe that whom the L loves, for the most part he
keeps from preferment.—Your grandmother cannot do any more than
she is permitted. It is G ’s free grace alone, that has made the
difference between us and others. Oh that we were duly sensible of
electing love! Indeed it must necessarily constrain us to obedience. I am
glad you like Boehm. His works are truly evangelical, and afford sweet
nourishment to the new-born soul. The nearer we come to G , the
better we shall relish searching books. It is an evident sign of a false
heart, when it is unwilling to be probed. Blessed be G , you are not
thus minded. I trust the L J has apprehended you, and will
henceforward never let you go. O that I may hear of your growth in
grace, and of your zeal for the L H .—You do well to go about
doing good; your Master did so before you. Dare, dear Miss, to follow
his good example, and never fear the revilings of men. Set your face as a
flint against all the adversaries of our L ; for shortly you shall tread
all your enemies under feet. I beseech you by the mercies of G in
C J our Saviour, to keep up a close walk and communion with
G . Nothing else can preserve you from idols; and you know when
once the soul is off its watch, the devil makes sad ravages in it. There is
nothing I dread more than having my heart drawn away by earthly
objects.—When that time comes, it will be over with me indeed; I must
then bid adieu to zeal and fervency of spirit, and in effect, bid the L
J to depart from me. For alas, what room can there be for G , when
a rival hath taken possession of the heart? Oh my dear Sister, pray that
no such evil may befal me. My blood runs cold at the very thought
thereof. I cannot, indeed; I cannot away with it. In a multiplicity of
business, have I wrote you these lines. I thank you for your kind letter,
and hope I shall always retain a grateful sense of the many favours I have
received from your dear family. My kindest respects attend your sister; I
long to hear of her being brought into the glorious liberty of the children
of G . How does your father? Oh that he may have a well-grounded
interest in C ! How does my dear brother Charles? I pray G to fill
him with all joy and peace in believing. And how does your little sister?
Dearest Redeemer, keep her unspotted from the world! My heart is now
full. Writing quickens me. I could almost drop a tear, and wish myself,
for a moment or two, in England. But hush, nature: G here pours
down his blessings on

Your sincere friend and servant in C ,

G. W.

LETTER CLXI.
To the Rev. Mr. D. R.

Savannah, Feb. 4, 1740.

My reverend and dear Brother,

I Received your kind letter just on my arrival at this place.—My

journal, which I suppose you will have read ere this reaches Wales,
can best inform you what G hath done for my own and other
people’s souls.—Even here, he is pleased to be with and assist us. The
Orphan-house goes on bravely. I believe I shall take in near fifty children
before I return to England. He that feedeth the young ravens which call
upon him, will not suffer them to want.—I rejoice to hear that the L
J is so publicly confessed among your countrymen.—If the L is
pleased to send me, I shall gladly take a tour into Wales.—In this time of
retirement, I expect many inward conflicts. How otherwise shall I be