Grade 8

ICT workbook

- Waruni Wickramasinghe
 Number Systems

❖ Humans use computers for their daily activities because they are,
● ______________
● ______________
● ______________
❖ Computers cannot understand the human language but they can
understand it in a different way. That representation is called
__________________
❖ Each number system has a fixed number of different symbols.
❖ Images,__________ ,________ , _______ are converted into different
numbers and symbols in the memory.

Types of number systems

★ There are ___ different number systems.

★ They are,
○ _________________

○ _________________

○ _________________

○ _________________

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Number system Symbols Base
Binary
Octal
Decimal
Hexadecimal

★ Base always represents the available numbers in a number system.

★ The base is shown at the ______ of the number as a ___________.

Fill the blanks…

1. The base for 100110₂ is ..........................

2. The base of 568 is ……………………..
3. The base of the hexadecimal number system is ……………

Decimal number system

1. Write the symbols in the decimal number system.

Lets represent the decimal numbers in a counting frame…

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Eg :

1. 231

● Represent the following numbers in counting frames.

1. 312
2. 514
3. 433
4. 200

Lets expand the decimal numbers…

e.g. - 23110
1=100
10=101
100=102
1000=103 3
Expand those.

1. 528
2. 186
3. 308

Binary number system

1. Write the symbols in the binary number system.

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Expand the following numbers.

1. 1010
2. 100
3. 10

Why do we need to convert the decimal numbers into binary

numbers?

● Inputs which are inserted into the computer exist as binary

form.
● The data in the binary form in the computer is processed and
the output is information in the form of text, image, sound,
video, etc.

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Representation of a decimal number in binary form conversion steps

Converting decimal numbers to binary numbers

1. Converting 1010 to a binary number

2 10
2 5 0
10102
2 2 1
2 1 0
0 1
Converting binary numbers to decimal numbers

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 1.Converting 101112 to decimal number

Convert these decimal numbers to binary…

1. 1610
2. 3210
3. 2710
4. 1110
5. 4510

6. 1410

Convert these binary numbers to decimal…

1. 100102
2. 110112
3. 10110112
4. 1111112
5. 100000002

Flow of binary data in a computer

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 Configuring and Formatting a Computer

Formatting date, time zone, currency and numbers

1. What are the importances of setting up the date, the time zone
and time in a computer?

a. …………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………
b. …………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………
c. …………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………

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 d. …………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………

|Date and time of a computer|

What parts of the computer use the date and time?

● ………………………………………………….

● …………………………………………………

● …………………………………………………

● ………………………………………………..

Arrange the following diagrams or the steps of formatting a date or a

time in a computer.

A. B. C.

D E.

F.

1
2
3
4 9
5
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|changing numbers,currency,time and date|

Number the images in an order..

File attributes

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1. How do the file extensions show as a file type?

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

2. What is the main task of file permission attributes?

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

3. Write the advantages of file permission attributes.

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

We can search our files using this method in our computer when
the file is unknown

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1. What are the two types of problems in a computer?

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………

2. Write the 2 main hardware related problems.

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………

PORTS
Port Image uses

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13
3. Write the examples for the hardware problems.

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………

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 ………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………
PROBLEM SOLUTION STEPS

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4. Write the 2 main software related problems.

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………

5. Name 4 application softwares in the computer.

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………

6. Write 5 examples for application software problems.

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

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 ………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………

7. What is a computer virus?

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………

8. Problems in operating system

problem solution

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 Word Processing

1. What is word processing?

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

2. What is word processing software?

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

3. Some examples for documents that can be made by this.

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………

4. Name the parts

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 Tool Image use

5. Name the following

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 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
9.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

6. Name the following,

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7. Write the steps of opening a new document.

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

8. Write the steps of saving a document with the name “my self”
in the folder named “projects” in the documents.

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

9.

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10.

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 Programming

1. Name the 3 parts when developing a computer program?

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

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 ………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….

2. Extract the above 3 parts from the following examples.

a. Those who are 18 years or above are ''eligible to vote.''
Those who are below 18 years are "not eligible to vote."
i. Input :
ii. process:
iii. Output:
b. Withdrawing money from a bank
i. Input:
ii. Process:
iii. output:
c. Find the cost of purchasing five pens

d. Adding two numbers

3. What are the 3 types of control structures,

Main symbols used for drawing a flowchart:

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Drawing simple flowcharts using above symbols

1. Addition of two numbers.

Draw the below flowcharts and practice well with the symbols in your
exercise book.

A. Making a cup of tea

B. Making a vesak lantern
C. Finding a price of 2 pens

SEQUENCE

1. What is called a sequence?

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 2. Draw a flowchart representing the total of 12 pencils.

SELECTION

1. Explain the main idea in the selection.

2. Draw the symbol.

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3. Draw the following selection flowcharts.
a. Finding someone is a child or an adult
b. Finding a number odd or even

4. Write the two types of selection control structures that can be

used in developing Scratch programs.

Note : In the programming, there are many operations such

as +,-,*,÷and MOD and DIV.

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Applications for mobile and smart devices
1. Name 5 smart devices you use or know and write the uses of
them in front of it.

2. What are the applications for use with mobile and smart devices
and write the uses of them infront it.

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 Physical Computing

LOGIC GATES

A logic gate is an electronic component that can be used to conduct electricity

based on a rule. The output of the gate is the result of applying this rule to one
or more "inputs". These inputs may be two wires or the output of other logic
gates.

There are 3 basic types of gates in the logic gates

1. ………………..
2. ……………….
3. ……………….

AND gate

1. Draw the symbol of the AND gate.

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 2. Draw the truth table for AND gate.

NOTE: Always for inputs we take 2 to the power (no of inputs)= 4 rows for the table.
And always we start to fill the truth table with “0”. Availability of an electric signal is
shown by state ''1'' and the unavailability is by state ''0''.

OR gate

3. Draw the symbol of the OR gate.

4. Draw the truth table for OR gate.

NOT gate

5. Draw the symbol of the NOT gate.

6. Draw the truth table for NOT gate.

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When we enter a input as 0 for the NOT gate in turns into
“..........”

When we enter a input as 1 for the NOT gate in turns into

“..........”

Writing the outputs of the logic gates…

● NOTE: AND gate represent the “multiplication”. OR gate represent

the “addition”. While the NOT gate represent the complement of the
input.

1. Write the outputs of the following gates.

Draw the truth tables for the above gates.

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 Internet

1. What is called internet?

2. Write 5 examples for the search engines

3. Different methods can be used to explore the Internet for

information. Write 6 of them and explain briefly.

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 4. What are the 5 factors we should consider when developing a web
page.

Main features necessary to create websites

1. What are the tools that can be used to develop web pages.

2. Write 5 Software which is used to develop these web pages.

3. What are used to create the inside html page?

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 4. Write the uses of the following tags.

TAG USE
<html></html>
<head></head>
<title></title>
<body></body>
<h></h>
<b></b>
<i></i>
<u></u>
<center></center>
<ul></ul>
<ol></ol>
<li></li>
<br></br>
<p></p>
<img src= “....”>
<a href= “....”></a>

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 5.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

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