Skolverket: NpMaAVT05 part II

NV-College - Sjdalsgymnasiet

(National Agency for Education)

National Test in

MATHEMATICS
Course A Spring 2005 Part II

Stockholm Institute of Education Skolverket 2005

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 Skolverket: NpMaA vt 2005 part II

NV-College - Sjdalsgymnasiet

The National Agency for Education, referring to 4 kap 3 Sekretesslagen, emphasises that this material is to be kept confidential. This material must remain confidential until June 10, 2005.

National Test in Mathematics Course A Part II Spring 2005 Instructions

Time Tools Part II 180 minutes altogether for Part I and Part II. We recommend that you spend at least 30 minutes working on Question 11. Calculator, approved formula pages and ruler. Part II consists of 11 questions. A mere answer is not sufficient for most of the questions. You must also express your solutions explain your line of thought so that it is easy to follow draw clear figures when necessary. Some questions require only the answer. These are indicated by the text Only answer is required. After each question the maximum number of points possible is shown. For example (2/3) indicates that the question can give 2 g-points and 3 vg-points. In questions marked you have an opportunity to demonstrate MVG-quality (Pass with Special Distinction). This means that you for example use general methods, models and reasoning, that you analyse your results and present a clear line of thought with correct mathematical language. Question 11 is a larger task that requires more time than the other questions. In the box below this question you can see the criteria the teacher will use in assessing your solution. Grade Limits The test (Part I and Part II) gives a maximum of 60 points, of which 27 are vg-points. Lower limit for examination grade Pass (G): 19 points Pass with Distinction (VG): 35 points of which at least 11 vg-points Pass with Special Distinction (MVG): Over and above the requirements for Pass with Distinction you must show several Pass with Special Distinction qualities in at least two of the -marked questions. In addition you must have at least 20 vg-points (Pass with Distinction points). Write your name, adult education/secondary school program and school name on the papers you hand in. Name: Adult education/secondary school program: School:

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 Skolverket: NpMaA vt 2005 part II 1.

NV-College - Sjdalsgymnasiet

Carlos swam the 800 m race at a swimming competition. The pool was 25 m long. a) How many pool lengths did Carlos swim in this race? Only answer is required.
(1/0)

b) Carlos reaches the finish line and his time for the race is 9 minutes and 24 seconds. What was his average speed? (2/0)
Pool length

Suggested solution: a. x =
800 m = 32 25 m

Answer: x = 32

(1/0) (1/0) (1/0)

b. t = 9 min, 24 sec = 9 60 + 24 sec = 540 + 24 sec = 564 sec

v= 800 m = 1.4184 m / s 1.4 m / s 564 s

Answer: v 1.4 m / s

Second method:

t = 9 min, 24 sec = 9 +
v=

24 min = 9.4 min 60

(1/0) Answer: v 85 m / min (1/0)

800 m = 85.1064 m / min 85 m / min 9.4 min

2.

The average age for the five employees in a sports store was 24 years. A woman, aged 36, is hired as the new store manager. What will the new average age be for all the personnel in the store? (2/0)

Suggested solution:
x = 24 years

x new =

5 24 + 36 120 + 36 156 years = years = years = 26 years 6 6 6

Answer: x new = 26 years

(1/0) (1/0)

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 Skolverket: NpMaA vt 2005 part II 3. Lisa is designing a piece of jewellery in the form of a small ball, made of silver. How many grams of silver does she need for a silver ball with diameter 12 mm? 1 cm3 of silver weighs 10.5 g. Suggested solution: Data: Density = 10.5
(2/1)

NV-College - Sjdalsgymnasiet

g , Diameter d = 12 mm = 1.2 cm Problem: m = ? cm3

g 4 4 3 3 mass = Density Volume r = 10.5 (0.6 cm ) = 9.5 g 3 cm 3 3

Note that the volume of the spherical ball is

Volume V =

4 3 4 3 r = (0.6 cm) = 0.9048 cm 3 0.905 cm 3 3 3

Answer: x new = 26 years

(2/0) (0/1)

4.

Below you see some measurements, including units.

4.5 dm 2.1 dm3

0.4 dm2 5 dl

3.2 litres

Some of these can be added together. Determine which ones and calculate their total sum. (2/0) Suggested solution:

3.2 litres 2.1 dm3 5 dl

2.1 dm 3 = 2.1 lit , 5 dl = 0.5 lit , 3.2 lit are are measure of volume and are therefore may be added together: (1/0)
V = 2.1 lit + 0.5 lit + 3.2 lit = 5.8 lit

Answer: V = 5.8 lit

(1/0)

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 Skolverket: NpMaA vt 2005 part II 5.

NV-College - Sjdalsgymnasiet

When a freezer is turned off, the temperature inside rises. The following formula can be used to calculate the temperature (y) in degrees Celsius after the freezer has been turned off for x hours.

y = 0.2 18 0.2x
a) Find the temperature inside the freezer if it has been turned off for two hours.
(1/0)

b) How long has the freezer been turned off if the temperature inside it is 0 C? c) Explain in your own words what the formula means. Suggested solution: a. y = 0.2 x 18 y = 0.2 2 18 = 0.4 18 = 17.6C Answer: y = 17.6C b. y = 0.2 x 18 0 = 0.2 x 18 0.2 x = 18 x =

(1/1) (0/2)

(1/0) (1/0) (0/1)

18 180 h= h = 90 h 0.2 2

Answer: y = 90 h

c. The formula y = 0.2 x 18 means that the temperature of the freezer is initially y0 = 18C . If it is turned off the its temperature increases at the rate of (0/2) 0.2C / h . b. Second method: Graphical method: Plot y = 0.2 x 18 . The x-intercept of the graph is the solution of y = 0.2 x 18 = 0 :
5

0 0 -5 y [C] 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

-10

y = 0.2 x 18

-15

-20 x [h]

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 Skolverket: NpMaA vt 2005 part II 6.

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Table showing numbers of visitors at some swimming facilities in 2002, and changes from 2001. Swimming facility Location Number of visitors 2002 1 106 000 700 000 641 000 627 000 554 200 507 319 50 100 483 925 Change from previous year 199 000 51 800 156 400 7 000 16 900 24 630 3 219 17 092

Eriksdalsbadet Fyrishov, bad Eyrabadet Aq-Va-Kul Gustavsvik, bad Valhallabadet Rosenlundsbadet Hgevallsbadet

Stockholm Uppsala rebro Malm rebro Gteborg Jnkping Lund

Source: Turistdelegationen

a) How many visitors were there at the Valhalla facility in 2001? (1/0) b) The number of visitors has increased at both the Eriksdal and the Eyra facilities. Andreas claims that the increase is greatest at Eyra while Johan says that the increase at Eriksdal is greatest. Explain how they might have reasoned. Present your solution with explanations and calculations. Suggested solution: a. N Valhallabadet_2001 = 507 319 + 24 630 = 531949 Answer: N Valhallabadet_2001 = 531949 Swimming facility Valhallabadet Location Number of visitors 2002 507 319 Change from previous year 24 630 (1/0)

(1/2)

Gteborg

b. Due to the fact that number of visitors to Eriksdal increased by 199 000 as oppose to 156 400, Johan concludes that the increase at Eriksdal is greatest. Eriksdalsbadet N = Eyrabadet N =
/// 199 000 0.2194 = +22% /// /// 1106 000 199 000

// 156 400 = 0.3227 +32% // // 641000 156 400

Due to the fact that the percentage increase of visitors to Eyrabadet (32%) is larger than that of the Eriksdalsbadet (22%) Andreas claims that the increase is greatest at Eyra. (1/2)

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 Skolverket: NpMaA vt 2005 part II

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7.

In the picture to the right you can see how to use a measuring device for spaghetti. a) The amount of pasta for 2 portions can be measured in two ways. Show, with calculations, that the portions will be equal in size. (1/1) b) Make some calculations to show what diameter is needed for a similar device, in order to measure out 4 portions of spaghetti. (1/1)

Suggested solution: a. A2 = r22 =

2 r1

= 2 r12 = 2 A1

Therefore, we may measure the two portion spaghetti either by getting two portions of number 1, or by getting one measure of portion 2. (1/1) b. A4 = 4 A1 r42 = 4 r12 (1/0)

r42 = 4r12 r4 = 2r1

Answer: r4 = 2r1 (0/1) circle must be twice that of the 1-

The radius of the 4 portion portion circle

Measuring device for spaghetti

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 Skolverket: NpMaA vt 2005 part II 8.

NV-College - Sjdalsgymnasiet

At the swimming pool there are four separate pools A, B, C and D. These are al being filled with water, flowing in at the same rate.

The diagram below shows how the water depth changes with time while pools A, B and C are being filled. a) Mark pools A and B in the diagram. Only answer is required. b) Describe in words the appearance of the pool C corresponding to graph C. c) Pool D is filled with water in the same way. Describe in words and with a graph how the water depth changes.(0/2) Suggested solution: a. See the figure: (1/0)

Water depth C

Time

(1/0)

(1/0)

Water depth

b. The C may have the same width and height as that of A and B, but the length of the C is shorter than that of A but longer than that of B. (0/1) c. The pool C, starts getting filled relatively at a higher rate, i.e. the slope of the linear equation is relatively large. The curve may look like that B above. Immediately after the level of the water reaches the step in the pool, the rate of filling the pool decreases. This is illustrated in the figure to the right.

Time

160 D 120

Water depth [C]

80

40

0 0 10 20 30 Time [h] 40 50 60

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 Skolverket: NpMaA vt 2005 part II 9.

NV-College - Sjdalsgymnasiet

The figure shows an isosceles right-angled triangle. Two of the sides are divided into four equal parts. What fraction, or percentage, of the area of the triangle is shaded? Explain your reasoning. [2/1/]

(2/1)

Suggested solution: Lets assume the base and height of the largest triangle is denoted by 4 a : The area of the shaded part is

AShaded

1 1 9a 2 4a 2 9a 2 4a 2 5a 2 = 3a 3a 2a 2a = = = 2 2 2 2 2 2

(1/0)

1 16a 2 Atot = 4a 4a = 2 2

AShaded 5a 2 16a 2 5 a 2 2 / 5 / = = 0.3125 0.31 = 31% = = 2 / 2 2 2 16a 16 Atot /

Second method: We may divide the triangles to 16 small isosceles triangles as illustrated in the figure to the right. Only five of the 16 triangles are shaded. Therefore:
AShaded 5 = = 0.3125 0.31 = 31% 16 Atot

(1/1/)

(1/0)

(1/1/)

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 Skolverket: NpMaA vt 2005 part II

10.

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Martin and Johanna are going to buy a new car. Johanna likes a car which costs 194 000 kr. Martin says that the value of this type of car falls by about 17 % per year. They wonder how much the car would be worth in 3 years and each of them calculates in their own way.
Martins calculations

Johannas calculations

Which of them has interpreted the problem correctly? How might Martin and Johanna have reasoned in their calculations? (1/2)
Suggested solution: Johanna has interpreted the problem correctly. According to Johannas calculations, the value of the car decreases exponentially at the rate 17% per year. Originally the car cost 194 000 kr . After one year its value will decrease to 1 0.17 = 0.83 = 83% of its original value, i.e. the cars value one after its purchase is dropped to 194 000 (0.83) kr . Cars value after another year drops to 83% of 194 000 (0.83) kr , i.e. to 194 000 (0.83) three years to 194 000 (0.83)
3

kr and after

kr = 110 927 kr

According to Martins model the value of the car decreases at a constant rate of 17% of the original value per year, i.e.:
194 000 (0.17 ) kr = 32 980 kr / year

Therefore, according to his linear model the value of the car after three year is dropped by 3 32 980 kr = 98 940 kr to
194 000 3 32 980 kr = 194 000 98 940 kr = 95 060 kr

According to Martins model the value of the car is negative after just six years, which is of course unreasonable and unrealistic. [1/2/]

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 Skolverket: NpMaA vt 2005 part II

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In assessing your solution, the teacher will take into consideration what mathematical knowledge you have demonstrated how your have motivated your conclusions how you have written your solution.

11. Sequences of numbers

Choose three integers that follow directly after one another, e g: 6, 7, 8 Add the numbers: 6 + 7 + 8 = 21 Multiply the number of numbers by the middle number: 3 7 = 21

Make the corresponding calculations for some other number sequences consisting of three numbers following directly after each other. Describe the result of your investigation. Explain the relationship with words or a formula. Investigate in a similar way the sum of five or seven numbers following directly after each other. Describe the result of your investigation. Explain the relationship with words or formulas. Investigate what can be said about the sum of four or six numbers following directly after each other. Describe the result of your investigation. Explain the relationship with words and formulas. What relationship holds if the number of numbers is n?
Suggested solution: Sum 3 consecutive numbers 5 consecutive numbers 7 consecutive numbers
n = 2m + 1 consecutive numbers
(5/6)

Sum
3x

S 3 = (x 1) + x + ( x + 1) = 3x

S 5 = ( x 2) + ( x 1) + x + ( x + 1) + ( x + 2 ) = 5 x

5x

S 7 = ( x 3) + ( x 2 ) + ( x 1) + x + ( x + 1) + ( x + 2) + (x + 3) = 7 x

7x

S n = ( x m ) + ( x m + 1) + .. + x + .. + ( x + m 1) + ( x + m ) = nx

nx

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 Skolverket: NpMaA vt 2005 part II

Sum
4
consecutiv e numbers

NV-College - Sjdalsgymnasiet
sum

S 4 = ( x 2 ) + ( x 1) + ( x + 1) + ( x + 2 ) = 4 x

4x

6
consecutiv e numbers

S 6 = ( x 3) + ( x 2) + ( x 1) + ( x + 1) + ( x + 2) + ( x + 3) = 6 x

6x

8
consecutiv e numbers

S 8 = ( x 4 ) + ( x 3) + ( x 2) + (x 1) + (x + 1) + ( x + 2) + ( x + 3) + ( x + 4) = 8 x

8x

n = 2m
consecutiv e numbers

S n = ( x m ) + ( x m + 1) + .. + ( x 1) + ( x + 1) + .. + ( x + m 1) + (x + m ) = nx

nx

Conclusions: The sum of n consecutive numbers is always nx where:

n = 2m + 1

S n = ( x m ) + ( x m + 1) + .. + x + .. + ( x + m 1) + ( x + m ) = nx

nx

(Odd) consecutive numbers

n = 2m (even ) consecutive numbers

S n = ( x m ) + ( x m + 1) + .. + x + .. + ( x + m 1) + ( x + m ) = nx

nx

As illustrated clearly in the table above, in case n = 2m + 1 is an odd number, there are even number of terms in both side of the middle table. The difference between a given number and the middle term has a pair in each side of the middle term, and their sum is just twice that of the middle terms, i.e. (x m ) + ( x + m ) = 2 x / /

S n = ( x m ) + ( x m + 1) + .. + x + .. + ( x + m 1) + ( x + m ) = nx .
Similarly, if n = 2m , i.e. if the number of terms are even, the similar terms cancel one another and the only survivor is the x from each term.

S n = ( x m ) + ( x m + 1) + .. + ( x 1) + ( x + 1) + .. + (x + m 1) + ( x + m ) = nx

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