Written as per the latest HSC syllabus prescribed by the Maharashtra State Board

of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education, Pune.

STD. XII Sci.

A collection of

Board

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1994
to
2020

Questions

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Physics • Chemistry • Mathematics • Biology

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Chapterwise compilation of relevant board questions
from 1994 to 2020
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Salient Features
• Subjects covered: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Biology
• Covers questions from previous curriculum which fall under the latest syllabus from
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1994 to 2020.
• Chapterwise and Subtopic wise segregation of theory questions
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• Questions that belong to reduced syllabus 2020-21 have been marked.

• Board questions include: MCQs, Theory questions and Numericals.
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Printed at: India Printing Works, Mumbai

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No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, C.D. ROM/Audio Video Cassettes or electronic, mechanical
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TEID: 1752
 PREFACE

‘Target’s: Std. XII Sci. Board Questions’ is a compilation of all the relevant questions (MCQs + theory
+ numericals) that have been asked in the previous year’s HSC Maharashtra Board Papers of science stream for
Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Biology.

nt
The book has been prepared with an aim to help the students get quick access to all the relevant board questions of
previous years. Only those questions from previous years which fall under the latest syllabus prescribed by
Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education are included. Questions belonging to reduced
syllabus of 2020-21 have been marked to aid the students in their exam preparation.

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Constructive criticism and feedback for improving the book are always appreciated. Please write to us on :
[email protected]

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Best of luck to all the aspirants!
C
Yours faithfully,
Publisher

Edition: First
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 CONTENT
Chapter No. Units Page No.
Physics 1
1 Rotational Dynamics 2
2 Mechanical Properties of Fluids 10
3 Kinetic Theory of Gases and Radiation 14
4 Thermodynamics 18
5 Oscillations 19

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6 Superposition of Waves 25
7 Wave Optics 33
8 Electrostatics 41

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9 Current Electricity 45
10 Magnetic Fields due to Electric Current 50
11 Magnetic Materials 52
12 Electromagnetic Induction 54

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13 AC Circuits 56
14 Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 59
15 Structure of Atoms and Nuclei 63
16 Semiconductor Devices 67
Chemistry 69
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1 Solid State 70
2 Solutions 72
3 Ionic Equilibria 74
4 Chemical Thermodynamics 75
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5 Electrochemistry 78
6 Chemical Kinetics 81
7 Elements of Groups 16, 17 and 18 84
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8 Transition and Inner Transition Elements 86

9 Coordination Compounds 88
10 Halogen Derivatives 90
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11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 92

12 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 94
13 Amines 97
14 Biomolecules 99
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15 Introduction to Polymer Chemistry 101

16 Green Chemistry and Nanochemistry 103
Maths – I 104
1 Mathematical Logic 105
2 Matrices 108
3 Trigonometric Functions 110
4 Pair of Straight Lines 112
5 Vectors 114
6 Line and Plane 117
7 Linear Programming 120
 Chapter No. Units Page No.
Maths – II 121
1 Differentiation 122
2 Applications of Derivatives 124
3 Indefinite Integration 126
4 Definite Integration 128
5 Application of Definite Integration 129

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6 Differential Equations 130
7 Probability Distributions 132
8 Binomial Distribution 134
Biology 136

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1 Reproduction in Lower and Higher Plants 137
2 Reproduction in Lower and Higher Animals 139
3 Inheritance and Variation 141

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4 Molecular Basis of Inheritance 143
5 Origin and Evolution of Life 145
6 Plant Water Relations 147
7 Plant Growth and Mineral Nutrition 148
8 Respiration and Circulation 149
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9 Control and Coordination 151
10 Human Health and Diseases 153
11 Enhancement of Food Production 155
12 Biotechnology 158
13 Organisms and Population 160
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14 Ecosystem and Energy Flow 161
15 Biodiversity, Conservation and Environmental Issues 162
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Note: Questions belonging to the reduced syllabus for year 2020-21 are represented with R mark
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Physics
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 

Std. XII Sci.: Board Questions (Physics)

01 Rotational Dynamics

7. Angular speed of a minute hand of a wrist watch

Multiple Choice Questions
in rad/s is [Oct 10]
 

nt
1. A car is moving along a horizontal curve of (A) (B)
radius 20 m and coefficient of friction between 60 900
the road and wheels of the car is 0.25. If the  
(C) (D)
acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2, then its 1800 3600
maximum speed is _______. [Mar 08]
8. If a cycle wheel of radius 0.4 m completes one

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(A) 3 m/s (B) 5 m/s revolution in 2 seconds, then acceleration of the
(C) 7 m/s (D) 9 m/s cycle is _______. [Mar 11]
2. A body performing uniform circular motion has (A) 0.4 π m/s2 (B) 0.4 π2 m/s2
_______. [Oct 08] 2 0.4

on
(A) constant velocity (C) m/s2 (D) m/s2
0.4 2
(B) constant acceleration
(C) constant kinetic energy 9. The radius of gyration of a ring of radius R
(D) constant displacement about a tangent perpendicular to its plane is
_______. [Mar 11]
3. A body is acted upon by a constant torque. In 4 (A) 2R (B) 2 R
seconds its angular momentum changes from L
C
R R
to 4L. The magnitude of the torque is _______. (C) (D)
2 2
[Oct 08]
L 3L 10. The time period of conical pendulum is
(A) (B)
4 4 _______. [Oct 11]
(C) 3L (D) 12L l cos  l sin 
(A) (B) 2π
e
g g
4. Radius of gyration of a ring about a transverse
axis passing through its centre is _______. l cos  l sin 
(C) 2π (D)
[Mar 09] g g
pl

(A) 0.5 × diameter of ring

(B) diameter of ring 11. Out of the following equations which is
(C) 2 × diameter of ring WRONG? [Mar 12]
     
(D) (diameter of ring)2 (A)  r F (B) ar    v
m

     
5. A stone is tied to a string and rotated in a (C) at    r (D) v r  
horizontal circle with constant angular velocity.
If the string is released, the stone flies _____ 12. The moment of inertia of a body does not
[Mar 10; Oct 09] depend on [Feb 13 old course]
Sa

(A) radially inward (A) the mass of body.

(B) radially outward (B) the angular velocity of a body.
(C) tangentially forward (C) the axis of rotation of a body.
(D) tangentially backward (D) the distribution of the mass in the body.
13. The moment of inertia of a thin uniform rod of
6. The radius of gyration of a solid sphere of mass
mass M and length L, about an axis passing
M and radius R rotating about an axis with its
through a point, midway between the centre and
diameter N is [Mar 10]
one end, perpendicular to its length is [Mar 13]
1 2 48 7
(A) R (B) R (A) ML2 (B) ML2
5 5 7 48
3 7 1 1
(C) R (D) R (C) ML2 (D) ML2
5 5 48 16
22
 

Chapter 01: Rotational Dynamics

14. If ‘L’ is the angular momentum and ‘I’ is the 21. The body is rotating with uniform angular
L2 velocity (ω) having rotational kinetic energy
moment of inertia of a rotating body, then (E). Its angular momentum (L) is: [July 16]
2I
represents its [Oct 13] 2E E2
(A) (B)
(A) rotational P.E. ω ω
(B) total energy E E
(C) (D)
(C) rotational K.E. ω2 2ω
(D) translational K.E.
22. When the angular acceleration of a rotating
body is zero, which physical quantity will be

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15. A thin wire of length L and uniform linear mass
density  is bent into a circular coil. Moment of equal to zero? [Mar 17]
inertia of the coil about tangential axis in its (A) Angular momentum
plane is _______. [Oct 14] (B) Moment of inertia
3L2 8 2
(C) Torque
(A) (B)

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(D) Radius of gyration
8 2 3L3
3L3 8 23. A body of mass ‘m’ performs uniform circular
(C) (D) motion along a circular path of radius ‘r’ with
8 2 3L2
velocity ‘v’. If its angular momentum is L, then
16. The period of a conical pendulum in terms of its the centripetal force acting on it is _______.

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length (l), semivertical angle (θ) and [July 17]
acceleration due to gravity (g) is: [Mar 15] mL2 L2
(A) (B)
1 l cos  1 l sin  r3 mr
(A) (B) L2 L2
2 g 2 g (C) (D)
mr 2 mr 3
l cos  l tan 
(C) 4 (D) 4
C
4g g
R 24. If a rigid body of radius ‘R’ starts from rest and
rolls down an inclined plane of inclination ‘θ’
17. The kinetic energy of a rotating body depends then linear acceleration of body rolling down
upon [Mar 15] the plane is _______. [July 17]
(A) distribution of mass only. g sin   K
(A) (B) g sin   1  
(B) angular speed only. K  R
1
e
(C) distribution of mass and angular speed. R
(D) angular acceleration only. g sin   K2 
(C) (D) g sin   1  2 
K2  R 
1 2
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18. A particle rotates in U.C.M. with tangential R

velocity ‘v’ along a horizontal circle of diameter
‘D’. Total angular displacement of the particle 25. A particle of mass m performs vertical motion
in time ‘t’ is _______. [Mar 16] in a circle of radius r. Its potential energy at the
highest point is _______.
v
m

(A) vt (B)  t (g is acceleration due to gravity) [Mar 18]

D (A) 2 mgr (B) mgr
vt 2vt (C) 0 (D) 3 mgr
(C) (D)
2D D
26. A thin ring has mass 0.25 kg and radius 0.5 m.
A body of moment of inertia 5 kgm2 rotating
Sa

19. Its moment of inertia about an axis passing

with an angular velocity 6 rad/s has the same through its centre and perpendicular to its plane
kinetic energy as a mass of 20 kg moving with a is _______.
velocity of _______. [Mar 16] [Mar 18, Similar in Mar 12]
(A) 5 m/s (B) 4 m/s (A) 0.0625 kg m2
(C) 3 m/s (D) 2 m/s (B) 0.625 kg m2
(C) 6.25 kg m2
20. The difference in tensions in the string at lowest (D) 62.5 kg m2
and highest points in the path of the particle of
mass ‘m’ performing vertical circular motion is 27. The dimensions of angular momentum are
_______. [July 18, Similar in Mar 08]
[July 16]
(A) 2 mg (B) 4 mg (A) [L–2 M1 T–1] (B) [L2 M1 T–1]
(C) 6 mg (D) 8 mg (C) [L1 M2 T1] (D) [L2 M2 T–2]
3
 

Std. XII Sci.: Board Questions (Physics)

28. In rotational motion of a rigid body, all particles 3. Obtain an expression for optimum speed of a car
move with _______. [Mar 20] on a banked road. [Oct 99]
(A) same linear velocity and same angular
velocity 4. Derive the expression for the maximum speed
(B) same linear velocity and different angular of a vehicle on the banked road. State the factors
velocity on which the optimum speed depends.
(C) different linear velocities and same [Mar 01]
angular velocities
5. Obtain an expression for angle of banking of a
(D) different linear velocities and different
curved road and show that angle of banking is
angular velocities

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independent of the mass of the vehicle.
[Oct 03; Mar 03, 97]
Theory Questions
6. What is banking of road? Obtain an expression
for angle of banking. On what factors does it
1.2 Characteristics of Circular Motion

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depend? [Mar 06; Oct 04, 02, 2000]
1. What is pseudo force? Why centrifugal force is 7. Derive an expression for period of a conical
called pseudo force? [Oct 99] pendulum. [Mar 08]
2. Explain 8. Define period of conical pendulum and obtain

on
i. Centripetal force an expression for its time period. [Oct 09, 08]
ii. Centrifugal force. [Mar 2000]
3. What is centripetal and centrifugal force? v2
9. For a conical pendulum prove that tan θ =
[Mar 04] rg
[Oct 09]
4. A certain body remains stationary on the
vertical inner wall of a cylindrical drum of 10. Obtain an expression for maximum speed with
C
radius ‘r’, rotating at a constant speed. Show which a vehicle can be driven safely on a
that the minimum angular speed of the drum is banked road. Show that the safety speed limit is
independent of the mass of the vehicle.
g
, where “” is coefficient of friction [Oct 10; Mar 10]
r
between the body and surface of the wall. 11. Show that the angle of banking is independent
of mass of vehicle. [Oct 10; Mar 10]
e
[Oct 06]
5. Define centripetal force and give its any two 12. What is banking of road?
examples. [Mar 11] [Mar 12, 99; Oct 06, 01]
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6. Explain the concept of centripetal force. 13. Obtain an expression for maximum safety speed
[Mar 17] with which a vehicle can be safely driven along
7. Distinguish between centripetal force and curved banked road. [Mar 12, 10; Oct 10]
centrifugal force.
m

14. Draw a diagram showing all components of

[Mar 18, 10, 09, 05; Feb 13 old course]
forces acting on a vehicle moving on a curved
8. What is the value of tangential acceleration in banked road. Write the necessary equation for
U.C.M.? [Mar 19] maximum safety, speed and state the
significance of each term involved in it.
9. Define U.C.M.
Sa

Name the forces acting on a body executing [Oct 14]

nonuniform circular motion. [July 19] 15. Draw a neat labelled diagram of conical
10. Define uniform circular motion. [Mar 20] pendulum. State the expression for its periodic
time in terms of length. [Oct 15]
1.3 Applications of Uniform Circular Motion
16. Draw a neat labelled diagram showing the
1. Draw a neat labelled diagram showing different various forces and their components acting on a
forces and their components acting on a vehicle vehicle moving along curved banked road.
moving on a banked road. [July 16]
[Oct 97]
17. Draw neat, labelled diagram showing different
2. Explain the necessity of banking of the road. forces acting on a vehicle moving along a
[Mar 99; Oct 06, 01] banked road. [July 17]
44
 

Chapter 01: Rotational Dynamics

1.4 Vertical Circular Motion 4. Define radius of gyration. Write its physical
significance. [Mar 19]
1. Show that total energy of a body performing
vertical circular motion is conserved. [Mar 11] 1.7 Theorem of Parallel Axes and Theorem
of Perpendicular Axes
2. Derive an expression for linear velocity at
lowest point and at highest point for a particle 1. The moment of inertia of a thin uniform rod of
revolving in vertical circular motion. [Oct 11] mass ‘M’ and length ‘L’ about a transverse axis
3. A particle of mass m, just completes the vertical ML2
passing through its centre is . Determine its
circular motion. Derive the expression for the 12

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difference in tensions at the highest and the M.I about a transverse axis passing through its
lowest points. [Mar 13] one end. [Oct 96]
4. Obtain expressions of energy of a particle at 2. State an expression for moment of inertia of a
different positions in the vertical circular solid cylinder of uniform cross section about
motion. [Mar 19] i. its own axis of symmetry

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ii. an axis passing through its centre and
1.5 Moment of Inertia as an Analogous
perpendicular to its length. [Oct 09]
Quantity for Mass
3. State and prove the principle of perpendicular
1. Define moment of inertia of a body. [Mar 98] axes. [Mar 10]

on
1
2. Show that for a rotating body, K.E = Iω2 4. State and prove theorem of parallel axes.
2 [Mar 14, 96; Oct 05]
Also show that K.E  n2,
where, n = frequency of revolution. [Mar 99] 5. State theorem of parallel axes and theorem of
perpendicular axes about moment of inertia.
3. Obtain an expression for K.E of a rotating body [Mar 15]
about a given axis, hence show that it is directly
C
proportional to square of the frequencies of a 6. State an expression for the moment of inertia of
body. [Oct 99] a solid uniform disc, rotating about an axis
passing through its centre, perpendicular to its
4. Explain the physical significance of moment of plane. Hence derive an expression for the
inertia. State SI Unit and dimensions of moment moment of inertia and radius of gyration:
of inertia. [Mar 04, 99]
i. about a tangent in the plane of the disc,
e
5. Explain the physical significance of moment of and
inertia. [Mar 08] ii. about a tangent perpendicular to the plane
of the disc. [Oct 15]
pl

6. Define moment of inertia. State its unit and

dimension. State the factors on which moment 7. State and prove theorem of parallel axes about
of inertia depends. [Oct 08] moment of inertia. [Mar 16]
7. Derive an expression for the kinetic energy of a 8. State and prove the principle of parallel axes in
body rotating with uniform angular velocity.
m

rotational motion. [Mar 20]

[Mar 09]
1.8 Angular Momentum or Moment of Linear
8. Define moment of inertia. State its SI unit and Momentum
dimensions. [Mar 18]
1. Derive the relation between angular momentum
Sa

1.6 Radius of Gyration

and angular velocity of a rigid body. State the SI
1. Derive an expression for the kinetic energy of a units and dimensions of angular momentum.
body of mass M rotating uniformly about a [Oct 96]
given axis. Show that the rotational kinetic 2. Define angular momentum. State its unit and
2
1 L dimension. [Oct 05]
energy = ×  [Mar 12]
2M  K 
3. Derive expression for the K.E of a body of a mass
2. Explain the physical significance of radius of ‘M’ rotating uniformly about a given axis. Hence,
gyration. [July 17] 1 L
2

show that rotational K.E =   where ‘L’ is

3. Define radius of gyration and give its physical 2M  K 
significance. angular momentum of the body and ‘K’ is radius
[July 18, Oct 13, 03, Mar 08, 98] of gyration. [Oct 06]
5
 

Std. XII Sci.: Board Questions (Physics)

4. Show that the kinetic energy of a rotating body R 3. Obtain an expression for total kinetic energy of
1 1
a rolling body in the form MV2 1  K 2  .
2
about a given axis is equal to Lω, where L is
2 2  R 
angular momentum and ω is angular velocity.
[Mar 16]
[Oct 02, Mar 08]
5. State S.I. unit of angular momentum. Obtain its Numericals
dimensions. [Mar 12]
1.9 Expression for Torque in Terms of Moment 1.2 Characteristics of Circular Motion

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of Inertia
1. Determine the angular acceleration of a rotating
1. Obtain relation between torque and angular body which slows down from 500 r.p.m. to rest
acceleration of a rotating body. [Oct 2000] in 10 seconds. [Mar 2000]
2. Prove the relation: 2. An object of mass 400 g is whirled in a

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Torque = M.I. × angular acceleration. horizontal circle of radius 2 m. If it performs 60
[Feb 13 old course] r.p.m, calculate the centripetal force acting on it.
3. Obtain an expression for torque acting on a [Mar 01; Oct 96]
body rotating with uniform angular acceleration.
3. If the frequency of revolution of an object
[July 16]

on
changes from 2 Hz to 4 Hz in 2 second,
4. Obtain an expression for torque acting on a calculate its angular acceleration. [Oct 03]
rotating body with constant angular
4. What is the angular speed of the minute hand of
acceleration. Hence state the dimensions and SI
a clock? If the minute hand is 5 cm long. What
unit of torque. [Mar 17]
is the linear speed of its tip? [Oct 04]
1.10 Conservation of Angular Momentum
C
5. The minute hand of a clock is 8 cm long.
1. State the relation between torque and angular Calculate the linear speed of an ant sitting at its
acceleration. Hence prove the principle of tip. [Mar 05]
conservation of angular momentum. [Mar 96]
6. The frequency of a spinning top is 10 Hz. If it is
2. State and prove law of conservation of angular brought to rest in 6.28 sec, find the angular
acceleration of a particle on its surface.
e
momentum. Give its examples.
[Oct 11, 04, 03, 98; Mar 11] [Oct 05]
3. State the law of conservation of angular 7. An object of mass 2 kg attached to wire of
pl

momentum and explain with a suitable example. length 5 m is revolved in a horizontal circle. If it
[Oct 14] makes 60 r.p.m. Find its
i. angular speed
4. State and prove: law of conservation of angular
ii. linear speed
momentum. [Oct 15]
m

iii. centripetal acceleration

5. State and prove principle of conservation of iv. centripetal force [Mar 09]
angular momentum. [Mar 18]
8. A coin kept on a horizontal rotating disc has its
6. Explain the principle of conservation of angular centre at a distance of 0.1 m from the axis of the
momentum with the help of two appropriate rotating disc. If the coefficient of friction
Sa

examples. [July 19] between the coin and the disc is 0.25; find the
angular speed of disc at which the coin would
1.11 Rolling Motion
be about to slip off.
R 1. Show that the total energy of a sphere of mass (Given g = 9.8 m/s2) [Oct 11]
M rolling along horizontal plane with velocity v
9. A car of mass 1500 kg rounds a curve of radius
7 250 m at 90 km/hour. Calculate the centripetal
is Mv2 . [Mar 2000]
10 force acting on it. [Mar 13]
R 2. Derive an expression for kinetic energy, when a 10. A racing car completes 5 rounds of a circular
rigid body is rolling on a horizontal surface track in 2 minutes. Find the radius of the track if
without slipping. Hence find kinetic energy for a the car has uniform centripetal acceleration of
solid sphere. [Mar 13] π2 m/s2. [Oct 13]
66
 

Chapter 01: Rotational Dynamics

11. A stone of mass 1 kg is whirled in horizontal 6. Calculate the angle of banking for a circular
circle attached at the end of a 1 m long string. If track of radius 600 m as to be suitable for
the string makes an angle of 30° with vertical, driving a car with maximum speed of
calculate the centripetal force acting on the 180 km/hr. [g = 9.8 m/s2] [Mar 06]
stone. (g = 9.8 m/s2). [Mar 14]
7. A vehicle is moving along a curve of radius 200
12. The spin dryer of a washing machine rotating at m. What should be the maximum speed with
15 r.p.s. slows down to 5 r.p.s. after making 50 which it can be safely driven if the angle of
revolutions. Find its angular acceleration. banking is 17°? (Neglect friction)
[Mar 15] [g = 9.8 m/s2] [Mar 07]

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13. A coin kept at a distance of 5 cm from the 8. A motorcyclist rounds a curve of radius 25 m at
centre of a turntable of radius 1.5 m just begins the speed of 36 km/hr. The combined mass of
to slip when the turnable rotates at a speed of 90 motorcycle and motorcyclist is 150 kg.
r.p.m. Calculate the coefficient of static friction (g = 9.8 m/s2)
between the coin and the turntable.

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What angle the motorcycle makes with vertical?
[g = 9.8 m/s2]. [Mar 16]
[Feb 13 old course]
14. The frequency of revolution of a particle
performing circular motion changes from 9. In a conical pendulum, a string of length
60 r.p.m. to 180 r.p.m. in 20 seconds. Calculate 120 cm is fixed at rigid support and carries a

on
the angular acceleration of the particle. mass of 150 g at its free end. If the mass is
(π = 3.142) [July 18, Similar in Oct 98] revolved in a horizontal circle of radius
0.2 m around a vertical axis, calculate tension in
15. Find the frequency of revolution of a round the string. (g = 9.8 m/s2) [Oct 13]
disco stage revolving with an angular speed of
300 degree/second. [July 19] 10. A stone of mass 2 kg is whirled in a horizontal
circle attached at the end of 1.5 m long string. If
C
1.3 Applications of Uniform Circular Motion the string makes an angle of 30° with vertical,
1. Calculate the maximum speed with which a car compute its period. (g = 9.8 m/s2) [July 16]
can be safely driven along a curved road of 11. A vehicle is moving on a circular track whose
radius 30 m and banked at 30° with the surface is inclined towards the horizon at an
horizontal [g = 9.8 m/s2]. [Mar 96] angle of 10°. The maximum velocity with which
e
2. A train rounds a curve of radius 150 m at a it can move safely is 36 km / hr. Calculate the
speed of 20 m/s. Calculate the angle of banking length of the circular track. [π = 3.142]
so that there is no side thrust on the rails. Also [Mar 17]
pl

find the elevation of the outer rail over the inner

rail, if the distance between the rails is 1 m. 12. A small body of mass 0.3 kg oscillates in
[Oct 96] vertical plane with the help of a string 0.5 m
long with a constant speed of 2 m/s. It makes an
3. Find the angle which the bicycle and its rider angle of 60° with the vertical. Calculate tension
in the string (g = 9.8 m/s2).
m

will make with the vertical when going round a [July 17]
curve at 27 km/hr on a horizontal curved road of
radius 10 m. [g = 9.8 m/s2] [Mar 98] 13. A flat curve on a highway has a radius of
curvature 400 m. A car goes around a curve at a
4. Find the angle of banking of curved railway speed of 32 m/s. What is the minimum value of
track of radius 600 m, if the maximum safety coefficient of friction that will prevent the car
Sa

speed limit is 54 km/hr. If the distance between from sliding? (g = 9.8 m/s2) [Mar 18]
the rails is 1.6 m. find the elevation of the outer
track above the inner track. [g = 9.8 m/s2] 14. A metre-gauge train is moving at 72 km/ hr
[Oct 98] along a curved rail-way of radius of curvature
500 m at a certain place. Find the elevation of
5. The vertical section of a road over a bridge in the outer rail above the inner rail so that there is
the direction of its length is in the form of an arc no side pressure on the rail. (g = 9.8 m/s2)
of a circle of radius 4.4 m. Find the greatest
[July 18]
velocity at which a vehicle can cross the bridge
without losing contact with the road at the 15. A car rounds a curve of radius 625 m with a
highest point, if the centre of the vehicle is speed of 45 m/s. What is the minimum value of
0.5 m from the ground. coefficient of friction which prevents the car
[Given: g = 9.8 m/s2] [Oct 01] from sliding? [July 19]
7
 

Std. XII Sci.: Board Questions (Physics)

1.4 Vertical Circular Motion 2. A circular disc of mass 10 kg and radius
0.2 m is set into rotation about an axis passing
1. An object of mass 1 kg is tied to one end of a through its centre and perpendicular to its plane
string of length 9 m and whirled in a vertical by applying torque 10 N m. Calculate the
circle. What is the minimum speed required at angular velocity of the disc at the end of 6 s.
the lowest position to complete a circle? [Oct 99]
[Oct 08]
3. Calculate the M.I of thin uniform rod of mass 10
2. A stone of mass one kilogram is tied to the end g and length 60 cm about an axis perpendicular
of a string of length 5 m and whirled in a to its length and passing through

nt
vertical circle. What will be the minimum speed i. its centre
required at the lowest position to complete the
ii. one end of the rod. [Mar 2000]
circle?
[Given: g = 9.8 m/s2] [Oct 10] 4. Radius of gyration of disc about an axis
passing through its centre and perpendicular

te
3. A stone of mass 5 kg, tied to one end of a rope
of length 0.8 m, is whirled in a vertical circle. to its plane is 2 cm. Determine the radius of
Find the minimum velocity at the highest point gyration of the disc about its diameter.
and at the midway point. [g = 98 m/s2] [Mar 01]
[Oct 14] 5. Four particles of masses 0.2 k, 0.3 kg, 0.4 kg

on
4. A stone of mass 100 g attached to a string of and 0.5 kg respectively are kept at the corners
length 50 cm is whirled in a vertical circle by A, B, C and D of square ABCD of side 1m. Find
giving velocity at lowest point as 7 m/s. Find the the moment of inertia about an axis passing
velocity at the highest point. through the point A and perpendicular to the
plane of the square. [Oct 02]
[Acceleration due to gravity = 98 m/s2]
[Oct 15] 6. Calculate the M.I of a solid sphere of mass
C
10 kg and radius 0.5 m, rotating about an axis
5. In a Circus, a motor-cyclist having mass of
passing through a point at a distance of 0.2 m
50 kg moves in a spherical cage of radius 3 m.
from the centre of the sphere. [Mar 05]
Calculate the least velocity with which he must
pass the highest point without losing contact. 7. Two point masses each of 100 g are fused at the
Also calculate his angular speed at the highest end of a thin uniform rod of length one metre
e
point. [Mar 20] and negligible mass. Find the M.I of the system
1.5 Moment of Inertia as an Analogous Quantity about an axis passing through the centre of the
for Mass rod and perpendicular to it. [Oct 06]
pl

8. Moment of inertia of a disc about an axis

1. Energy of 1000 J is spent to increase the angular
passing through its centre and perpendicular to
speed of a wheel from 20 rad/s to 30 rad/s.
its plane is 10 kg m2. Find its moment of inertia
Calculate the moment of inertia of the wheel.
about the diameter. [Oct 10]
[Mar 20]
m

9. A uniform solid sphere has radius 0.1 m and

1.6 Radius of Gyration
density 8000 kg/m3. Find its M.I. about a
1. The moment of inertia of the earth about its axis tangent to its surface. [Feb 13 old course]
of rotation is 9.83 ×1037 kg m2 and if its angular
10. A solid cylinder of uniform density of radius
Sa

velocity is 7.3 ×10–5 rad/s. Calculate

2 cm has mass of 50 g. If its length is 12 cm,
i. kinetic energy of rotation calculate its moment of inertia about an axis
ii. radius of gyration. passing through its centre and perpendicular to
[Mass of the earth = 6 × 1024 kg] [Oct 01] its length. [Mar 14]
1.7 Theorem of Parallel Axes and Theorem 11. A uniform solid sphere has a radius 0.1 m and
of Perpendicular Axes density 6 × 103 kg/m3. Find its moment of
inertia about a tangent to its surface. [July 16]
1. Mass of a thin uniform rod is 200 g and its
length is 10 cm. Find its moment of inertia and 12. A uniform solid sphere has radius 0.2 m and
radius of gyration about an axis passing through density 8 × 103 kg/m3. Find the moment of
its midpoint and perpendicular to its length. inertia about the tangent to its surface.
[Oct 97] (π = 3.142) [July 17]
88
 

Chapter 01: Rotational Dynamics

13. The radius of gyration of a body about an axis, 6. A body starts rotating from rest. Due to a couple
at a distance of 0.4 m from its centre of mass is of 20 Nm it completes 60 revolutions in one
0.5 m. Find its radius of gyration about a minute. Find the moment of inertia of the body.
parallel axis passing through its centre of mass. [Oct 14]
[Mar 19] 7. A solid sphere of diameter 50 cm and mass
14. Find the radius of gyration of a rod of length 3 25 kg rotates about an axis through its centre.
m about its transverse axis passing through its Calculate its moment of inertia. If its angular
one end. [July 19] velocity changes from 2 rad/s to 12 rad/s in
5 seconds, calculate the torque applied.

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15. The M.I. of solid sphere about an axis passing [July 18]
through its centre is 2 kg-m2. Calculate its M.I. 8. A wheel of moment of inertia 1 kg m2 is rotating
about a tangent passing through any point on its at a speed of 30 rad/s. Due to friction on the
surface. [July 19] axis, it comes to rest in 10 minutes. Calculate
the average torque of the friction. [Mar 19]

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1.8 Angular Momentum or Moment of Linear
Momentum 1.10 Conservation of Angular Momentum
1. The kinetic energy of rotation of a body about a 1. A horizontal disc is freely rotating about a
given axis is 157 J. Its angular momentum about transverse axis passing through its centre at the
the same axis is 12.5 kg m2/s. Find the

on
rate of 100 revolutions per minute. A 20 gram
frequency of rotation of the body and moment blob of wax falls on the disc and sticks to the
of inertia about the given axis. [Mar 06] disc at a distance of 5 cm from its axis. Moment
of inertia of the disc about its axis passing
2. A wheel of moment of inertia 1 kg m2 is rotating through its centre of mass is 2 × 10–4 kg m2.
at a speed of 40 rad/s. Due to friction on the Calculate the new frequency of rotation of the
axis, the wheel comes to rest in 10 minutes. disc. [Mar 15]
C
Calculate the angular momentum of the wheel,
two minutes before it comes to rest. 1.11 Rolling Motion
[Mar 13] R 1. A solid sphere of mass 1 kg rolls on a table with
1.9 Expression for Torque in Terms of Moment linear speed 2 m/s, find its total kinetic energy.
of Inertia [Mar 17]
e
1. A circular disc of M.I 10 kg m2 rotates about its
own axis at a constant speed of 60 r.p.m under
the action of electric motor of power 31.4 watt.
pl

If the motor is switched off, how many rotations

will it cover before coming to rest? [Mar 97]
2. The speed of rotation of the body increases from
60 r.p.m to 90 r.p.m in 1 minute. Calculate the
m

torque acting on the body, if its moment of

inertia is 500 kg m2. [Oct 97]
3. Moment of inertia of a disc about the axis of
rotation is 10 kg m2. A constant torque of
Sa

50 N m acts on it. Find

i. angular acceleration.
ii. angular velocity at the end of 10 s, if the
disc is initially at rest. [Mar 07]
4. A torque of 1500 Nm acting on a body produces
an angular acceleration of 3.2 rad/s2. Find M.I.
of the body. [Mar 09]
5. A torque of magnitude 1000 N m acting on a
body produces an angular acceleration of
2 rad/s2. Calculate the moment of inertia of the
body. [Mar 10; Oct 09]
9