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VL2022230500824 Da

The document discusses an assignment on analog communication systems. It contains 17 questions related to topics like amplitude modulation, antenna height requirements, modulation indices, spectral components, bandwidth calculations, power calculations, and different modulation and demodulation techniques. Students are asked to show steps and submit handwritten work.

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Aditya Bonnerjee 21BEC0384
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30 views

VL2022230500824 Da

The document discusses an assignment on analog communication systems. It contains 17 questions related to topics like amplitude modulation, antenna height requirements, modulation indices, spectral components, bandwidth calculations, power calculations, and different modulation and demodulation techniques. Students are asked to show steps and submit handwritten work.

Uploaded by

Aditya Bonnerjee 21BEC0384
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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School of Electronics Engineering

Winter Semester 2022-23

B. Tech (Electronics and Communication Engineering)

Course Name : Analog Communication Systems

DIGITAL ASSIGNMENT – 1

Only handwritten material is allowed. Include all the steps. Submit your hard copy

and upload copy of it.

1 i) If communication happens at audio frequency range, what is the range of antenna height
approximately needed? If the amplitude modulation is used, then what is the antenna
height required?
ii) When the modulation percentage is 75%, an AM transmitter radiates 20kW Power. How
much of this is carrier Power?
2 An AM transmitter has an unmodulated carrier power of 10 kW. It can be modulated by a
sinusoidal modulating voltage to a maximum depth of 40%, without overloading. If the maximum
modulation index is reduced to 30%, what is the extent up to which the unmodulated carrier
power can be increased without overloading?
3 Calculate the percentage power saving when the carrier and one of the sidebands are suppressed
in an AM wave modulated to a depth of (i) 100%, (ii) 50%.and (iii) 0%.
4 i) To transmit an audio frequency signal of 5 kHz without modulation, what is the
antenna size required? Comment, if there is any difficulty in designing and erecting
such an antenna, how do you overcome it?
ii) List the portions of the electromagnetic spectrum used for VHF and UHF services and
discuss the AM and FM radio broadcast carrier frequencies with intervals for both.
iii) Explain with suitable example of types of communication systems.
6 In an analog communication system, a modulator with amplitude variation has two inputs. One
signal has the peak to peak amplitude of 15V with one cycle period as 0.1 ms. Second signal is
defined with the magnitude of 20V peak value and 500kHz frequency. Determine,
a) Modulated signal expression in time domain
b) Depth of modulation in percentage
c) Number of spectral components and its magnitude
d) Frequency domain representation of modulated signal in graphical form
e) Bandwidth required
7 Consider an audio signal 0.2 𝑠𝑖𝑛(2𝜋 × 500𝑡) + 0.1 𝑠𝑖𝑛5(2𝜋 × 500𝑡), is to be transmitted using
a carrier wave, 4𝑠𝑖𝑛(2𝜋 × 400 × 103 𝑡), by the students of analog communication lab using
amplitude modulation techniques,
a) Modulated signal expression in time domain
b) Depth of modulation in percentage and identify the type of modulation.
c) Number of spectral components and its magnitude
d) Frequency domain representation of modulated signal in graphical form
e) Bandwidth required from its spectrum.
f) Power in sidebands and carrier
g) Total current
8 The transmitted AM signal is 𝑠(𝑡) = 𝑎(𝑡)cos(𝜔𝑐 𝑡) with the envelope 𝑎(𝑡) = 𝐴𝑐 [1 + 𝑘𝑎 𝑚(𝑡)]
where, 𝑠(𝑡) is a bandpass signal with its spectrum limited to the bandwidth of 2𝜔. The receiver
observes the transmitted signal corrupted by additive noise. Demodulate the signal using
envelope detector. Also define the characteristics of the filter used. Write the necessary
expression to explain the step by step process.
9 a) Obtain an expression for VSB with tone modulation taking f m   so the VSB filter has

H ( f c  f m )  0.5   . Then show that SVSB (t ) reduces to DSB when   0

1 1
b) The signal x  t   cos  2 70t   cos  2120t  is input to the square law modulator with a
2 3
carrier frequency of 10 kHz as shown in Fig.1
Fig.1. Square law modulator
Determine the values of a1 and a2 such that carrier amplitude Ac =10 V and modulation index is
0.5.
10 a) A signal 𝑥𝑐 (𝑡) = 20(1 + 5𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑚 𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑐 𝑡 is to be demodulated. Check whether the
following detectors can be used? (i) An envelope detector (ii) a square-law detector, and (iii)
a synchronous detector or coherent detector. Prove the choice of detector using mathematical
relations.
b) An amplitude modulated signal transmitted over an antenna of height 37.5 m with the message
signal frequency one hundredth of the carrier signal. The modulated signal is given by
𝑥𝐴𝑀 (𝑡) = 40𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝜋 𝑓𝑐 )𝑡 + 4𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝜋𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑏 )𝑡 + 4𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝜋𝑓𝑙𝑠𝑏 )𝑡. Find the message frequency,
carrier frequency, carrier power sideband power.

11 For an AM DSB-FC wave with a peak unmodulated carrier voltage Vc= 10Vp , load resistance
RL = 10Ω, and a modulation coefficient m=1, determine
i. Powers of the carrier and the upper and lower side bands.
ii. Total sideband power
iii. Total power of the modulated wave
iv. Draw the power spectrum
v. Determine the total power for AM-DSB-SC and SSB-SC.

12 An amplitude modulated signal is shown in Fig.1. Determine the following


a) The modulation index and the expression of the expression of the modulated signal.
b) The total average power of the modulated signal, the carrier power, the USB power and the
LSB power (assume unit load).
c) The modulation efficiency.
d) d) The amplitude of the message signal
13 The message bandwidth W=1 kHz is applied to a product modulator, together with a carrier wave
𝐴𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑐 𝑡 , producing the DSB-SC modulated signal s(t) . The modulated signal is next applied
to a coherent detector. Assuming perfect synchronism between the carrier waves in the modulator
and detector, determine the spectrum of the detector output when:
i. the carrier frequency 𝑓𝑐=1.75 𝑘𝐻𝑧 and
ii. The carrier frequency 𝑓𝑐=0.75 𝑘𝐻𝑧.
iii. What is the lowest carrier frequency for which each component of the modulated signal s(t)
is uniquely determined by m(t)?
14
15

16 i) The antenna current of an AM broadcast transmitter, modulated to a depth of 40 percent by


an audio sine wave is 11 A. It increases to 12 A as a result of simultaneous modulation by
another audio sine wave. What is the modulation index due to the second sine wave?
ii) Find the transmission efficiency of AM signal considering the modulation index as 0.5 and
1.
17 A signal (𝑡)=5(1+2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑚𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑐𝑡 is to be demodulated. Check whether the following detectors
can be used? (i) an envelope detector (ii) a square-law detector, and (iii) a synchronous detector
or coherent detector. Prove the choice of detector using mathematical relations.

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