Title: Design and Analysis of an Anti-Theft
System Incorporating Laser, Switch, and
Touch-Based Detection Circuits
By
Bushra Khan 2022139
Umar Mushtaq Mughal 2022602
Syed Hanan Shabir 2022565
Submitted to
Dr. Fahad Bin Muslim
Abstract:
Smart security systems have been developed because of growing concerns about theft and illegal
access. This report provides a thorough examination of an anti-theft system that combines two
different types of detection circuits: touch, switch, and laser. Every circuit has a distinct function
that strengthens the system's security. The report describes each circuit's layout, operation, and
performance assessment, emphasizing how each one contributes to the anti-theft system's overall
potency. The system makes sure that another circuit can identify the entry of the intruder if one
circuit fails.
Introduction:
For a variety of purposes, including the protection of cars and homes as well as priceless assets,
the necessity for strong anti-theft systems has grown. In order to improve security and ensure
that our valuable assets are protected in the event of a system failure, this project will design and
analyze an advanced anti-theft system that combines two distinct detection mechanisms.
These two are:
1. Laser-Based Detection Circuit
2. Touch-Based Detection Circuit
The components, working and simulation of these circuits are given below.
1) Laser-Based Detection Circuit
The laser-based detection circuit utilizes a laser emitter and a receiver to create a virtual
perimeter. When the laser beam is interrupted by an intruder, the receiver detects the change and
triggers an alarm. This circuit is ideal for securing specific areas or entry points.
Components
LDR (Light Dependent Diode)
L.E.D (Light Emitting Diode)
BC547 Transistor (1)
100K Ohm Resistor (1)
Buzzer (1)
9v Battery with holder
Working
Op-Amp Comparator: The Op-Amp functions as a comparator, comparing voltages at
its inverting and non-inverting terminals.
LDR Voltage Divider: A voltage divider consisting of an LDR and a 10 KΩ resistor is
linked to the Op-Amp's non-inverting terminal.
POT Linkage: The Op-Amp's inverting terminal is linked to a Potentiometer.
Normal State: LDR is continuously illuminated by the laser, which lowers its resistance-
Amp output is low when the voltage is flipped from non-inverting to inverting. The
transistor is still off.
Intruder Detection: Laser interference increases LDR resistance. The Op-Amp output
becomes HIGH when the non-inverting voltage exceeds the inverting voltage. The
transistor has been enabled.
Alarm Activation: Pin 2 of the 555 Timer is triggered by the transistor output. The 555
Timer output is set to HIGH by a brief, low pulse. The buzzer is now on.
Alarm Reset: The 555 Timer is a bi-stable multivibrator. To turn off the alarm, the
owner needs to press the reset button. The reset button is kept in a hidden spot that only
the owner knows about.
Simulation
Below is the circuit simulation for our laser-based detection circuit done through Proteus:
2) Touch-Based Detection Circuit
The touch-based detection circuit adds an extra layer of security by sensing physical contact on
surfaces such as doors or windows. Capacitive touch sensors are employed to detect changes in
capacitance when touched, activating the alarm system. We used the following components:
Components
555 Timer IC
NPN Transistor (BC547)
Buzzer
LED (optional)
Momentary Push Button Switch
Resistors 1 x 10K, 1 x (The series resistor for LED)
9V Power Supply
Working
Default OFF State: The 555-timer IC’s pin 6 is linked to the positive rail to guarantee
that it consistently senses a voltage greater than two-thirds of the supply voltage. When
the circuit is powered on or the reset button is pressed, this configuration keeps the output
(buzzer/alarm) in the off state by default.
Touch Detection: Pin 2 of the 555-timer integrated circuit is connected to a conducting
wire that is designated as the Touch Probe. Our skin serves as ground when it contacts
the touch probe, which allows Pin 2 to sense a voltage that is less than one-third of the
supply voltage.
Momentary Activation: When Pin 2 detects a touch, it momentarily activates the output
(the buzzer rings).
Latching the Output ON: A transistor is utilized to invert the output signal to keep the
output always ON, even after the finger is taken out of the touch probe. Upon receiving
its first touch, the transistor applies 0V at Pin 2, which causes the output to latch
continuously in the ON state.
Resetting the Circuit: There is a momentary push button switch that is used to reset the
circuit and turn off the buzzer or alarm. By applying a positive voltage at Pin 2, pressing
the push button switch resets the latch and turns off the output.
Simulation
The circuit simulation for our touch-based detection circuit on Proteus is given as:
Conclusion:
In conclusion, our comprehensive anti-theft system consists of two essential components: the
touch-based detection circuit and the laser-based detection circuit. Both provide distinct benefits
in strengthening security measures. With the help of a 555 Timer and an Op-Amp comparator,
the laser-based circuit can effectively create a virtual perimeter, which makes it perfect for
securing locations or points of entry. The touch-based circuit adds an extra degree of security by
detecting physical contact on surfaces and improving the overall dependability of the system. It
does this by using a 555 Timer IC and a transistor latch mechanism. Both circuits demonstrate
efficient designs: the touch-based circuit senses physical touch, and the laser-based circuit reacts
to variations in the laser beam. When combined, these circuits offer a multifaceted anti-theft
system that is precise and adaptable, providing a strong barrier against unwanted access. These
circuits' integration shows a careful approach to security, addressing a variety of threat scenarios
and offering a comprehensive solution for protecting priceless assets.
