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Aliasing and Anti-Aliasing

The document discusses different methods for reducing aliasing effects in computer graphics including anti-aliasing, supersampling, area sampling, and pixel phasing. It provides details on how each method works to minimize jagged lines and adjust pixel intensities along lines and edges.

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nishagarghnd825
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111 views

Aliasing and Anti-Aliasing

The document discusses different methods for reducing aliasing effects in computer graphics including anti-aliasing, supersampling, area sampling, and pixel phasing. It provides details on how each method works to minimize jagged lines and adjust pixel intensities along lines and edges.

Uploaded by

nishagarghnd825
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ALIASING AND ANTI-ALIASING

CONTENTS
 1. Aliasing
 2. Anti-aliasing
 3. Post-filtering
 4. Pre-filtering
 5. Pixel Phasing
ALIASING
 In computer graphics, the process by which
smooth curves and other lines become jagged
because the resolution of the graphics device or
file is not high enough to represent a smooth
curve.
 In the line drawing algorithms, we have seen
that all rasterized locations do not match with
the true line and we have to select the optimum
raster locations to represent a straight line. This
problem is severe in low resolution screens. In
such screens line appears like a stair-step. This
effect is known as aliasing. It is dominant for
lines having gentle and sharp slopes.
ANTI-ALIASING

The aliasing effect can be reduced


by adjusting intensities of the pixels
along the line. The process of
adjusting intensities of the pixels
along the line to minimize the effect
of aliasing is called antialiasing.
ANTI-ALIASING
 The aliasing effect can be minimized by
increasing resolution of the raster display.
 By increasing resolution and making it
twice the original one, the line passes
through twice as many column of pixels
and therefore has twice as many jags, but
each jag is half as large in x and in y
direction.
ANTIALIASING METHODS ARE BASICALLY
CLASSIFIED AS :-
SUPERSAMPLING OR POSTFILTERING:-
 Supersampling or Postfiltering is the process by
which aliasing effects in graphics are reduced by
increasing the frequency of the sampling grid and
then averaging the results down. This process
means calculating a virtual image at a higher
spatial resolution than the frame store resolution
and then averaging down to the final resolution.
It is called Postfiltering as the filtering is carried
out after sampling.
SUPERSAMPLING OR POSTFILTERING:-
Supersampling is basically a three stage process:
 A continuous image I(x , y) is sampled at n times
the frame resolution. This is a virtual image.
 The virtual image is then lowpass filtered.

 The filtered image is then resampled at the final


frame resolution.
AREA SAMPLING OR PREFILTERING:-
 In this antialiasing method pixel intensity is
determined by calculating the areas of overlap of each
pixel with the objects to be displayed. Antialiasing by
computing area is referred to as Area sampling or
Prefiltering.
 In this algorithm, each pixel is given intensity
depending on the area of overlap of the pixel and the
line. So, due to the blurring effect along the line edges,
the effect of anti-aliasing is not very prominent,
although it still exists.
PIXEL PHASING:
 It’sa technique to remove aliasing. Here
pixel positions are shifted to nearly
approximate positions near object
geometry.
 Some systems allow the size of
individual pixels to be adjusted for
distributing intensities which is helpful
in pixel phasing.

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