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Saint Louis University Revision No. 01

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Effectivity June 07, 2021

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REF STELA-PSYCHSTAT-2021

COURSE GUIDE

I. Course Title: Psychological Statistics

II. Course Overview

A. Introduction
Psychological Statistics is a course that focuses on methods of descriptive
and inferential statistics and their use in the design, analysis, and
interpretation of psychological research.

B. Course Learning Outcomes

At the end of the course, you should be able to:
1. examine commonly used statistical techniques for numerical data
analysis in psychological research;
2. apply basic concepts in the interpretation of statistical results in the study
of human behavior;
3. demonstrate analytical and critical thinking skills in the understanding of
concepts related to human behavior and how these may be translated
into numerical data for the purpose of quantitative research;
4. use appropriate statistical tools and methods to properly and empirically
answer psychological research problems;
5. report numerical data and statistical output;
6. practice accuracy in computing for numerical data manually and using
computer applications;
7. show deeper understanding and appreciation for the use of statistics and
its relevance in the study of human behavior;
8. generate insights and engage in constructive discussions about the
diverse use of statistics;
9. practice honesty and integrity in handling and reporting numerical data;
and
10. utilize statistics in a wide range of disciplines particularly in the area of
research.

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 Document Code FM-STL-013
Saint Louis University Revision No. 01
School of Teacher Education and Liberal Arts
Effectivity June 07, 2021

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C. Module and Unit Topics

PRELIMS

MODULE 1: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGICAL STATITISTICS

This module shall discuss a brief overview of the discipline of statistics. It will
also introduce basic terminologies, concepts, and quickly focus on
classifying and organizing data.

Unit 1: Basic Statistical Concepts

This unit will introduce you to the world of statistics, thereby enabling
you to: define statistics; become aware of the applications of statistics
in Psychology; differentiate between descriptive and inferential
statistics; and classify numbers by level of data and understand why
doing so is important.

Unit 2: Frequency Distributions

This unit aims to explore techniques for summarizing and depicting
data, enabling you to construct a frequency distribution.

Unit 3: Graphical Depiction of Data

This unit aims to explore techniques for summarizing and depicting
data, enabling you to construct a histogram, a frequency polygon
and an ogive.

MODULE 2: DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS

The focus of this module is the use of statistical techniques to describe data,
allowing you to distinguish between measures of central tendency, measures
of variability, and measures of association. It will also concentrate on the
characteristics and application of a normal curve.

Unit 1: Measures of Central Tendency

This unit will focus on how to summarize data, using the measures of
central tendency: mean, median and mode. It will discuss the
meaning of these measures and explain the process on how to
compute them for both ungrouped and grouped data.

Unit 2: Measures of Variability

This unit will focus on how to describe data using measures of variation,
such as range, quartile range, semi-quartile range, standard deviation,
and variance. It will discuss the meaning of the different measures, as

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Saint Louis University Revision No. 01
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well as explain the process on how to compute them along with other
positional measures like quartiles, deciles and percentiles, for both
ungrouped and grouped data.

Unit 3: Measures of Association

This unit aims to discuss Pearson coefficient which is used to quantify
the relationship between two variables. It will also explain the process
on how to compute and interpret the correlation coefficient.

Unit 4: Principles of Probability and the Normal Distribution Curve

This unit will discuss the characteristics of the normal distribution curve.
It will allow you to recognize normal distribution problems and know
how to solve such problems.

MIDTERMS

MODULE 3: INFERENTIAL STATISTICS

This module aims to discuss techniques that allow us to make inferences
about a population based on the data gathered from a sample.

Unit 1: Randomization, Sampling Techniques and Sampling Error

This unit discusses the statistical process of selecting a subset called a
“sample” of a population of interest, for purposes of making
observations and statistical inference about that population. It will
explain the concept of sampling error, nature of sampling errors, and
standard error of the mean.

Unit 2: Hypothesis Testing

This module discusses hypothesis testing. It will focus on the steps
involved in arriving at a statistical decision: rejecting the null hypothesis
or accepting the null hypothesis.

MODULE 4: STATISTICAL INFERENCES ABOUT THE MEAN

The main objective of this module is to help you to learn how to test
hypotheses on single populations, thereby enabling you to test hypotheses
about a single population mean when σ is known and when the σ is
unknown.

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MODULE 5: THE STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SAMPLE

MEANS
This module aims to discuss how to perform a test of hypotheses when
comparing the means of two groups. It will also explain the distinction
between independent/uncorrelated and dependent/correlated samples.

FINALS

MODULE 6: THE STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CORRELATION COEFFICIENT

This module aims to discuss how to perform a test of hypotheses to determine
if an obtained sample correlation coefficient is representative for a
hypothetical parameter correlation coefficient, and to test the significance
of the difference between two correlation coefficients.

MODULE 7: THE STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF FREQUENCIES

This module aims to explain the chi-square test which is designed to analyze
categorical data. That means that the data has been counted and divided
into categories.

MODULE 8: ONE WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

This module aims to discuss the method of one-way analysis of variance to
conduct a hypothesis test of equality of three or more population means.

III. Course Study Guide

The key to the successful achievement of the intentions of this course would be
your participation as demonstrated by the following:
a) Take part in the class/course activities that require your feedback and
responses to show your understanding and application of the various
discussions in this course.
b) Complete exercises and assignments that will show your engagement in the
process of scientific thought and practice as a psychologist-learner.

To be on track on the course, the following classroom rules are to be observed.

1. Manage your learning time. It is advisable to be conscious of the time. Post the time
and day of our class schedule on your calendar and place it in a conspicuous area
so that you can always be reminded of it. This will remind you of course activities
and deadlines.

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2. Focus your attention. The best way to take the course is by completing the readings,
and assignments in the order they're displayed. Strive to be diligent and
independent in understanding the material.

3. Do your best. Do not procrastinate. Turn in your assignments, reports, and other
requirements on time as much as you can. Remember, your participation and
diligence are critical in the success of your learning.

4. Motivate yourself. You are free to browse and read the materials in the different
modules even prior to its specified schedule. The suggested study schedule will
ensure that you may cover all the materials in this learning module during this term.

5. Be honest. Uphold academic integrity. In doing your requirements, think well and
practice scholarly work. Plagiarism is not tolerated in any academic institution. Cite
your sources using appropriate references format (ex: APA Format).

6. Practice Independent Learning. Learning is a self-activity. As the learner, you can

benefit from this distant learning mode by your active engagement in the materials
we have prepared for you. Statistics is not a spectator's sport. You need to practice,
practice, practice by working on problems/exercises that will be given by your class
facilitator. Enjoy the process of learning!

7. From our end as facilitators to yours as a learner, we can work together to make
learning fruitful as we uphold our commitment to upholding the Louisian values of
competence, creativity, social involvement, and Christian spirit.

IV. Study Schedule

Week Schedule Topic Learning Outcomes Activities

MODULE 1: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGICAL STATITISTICS

Unit 1 Basic Statistical Concepts
Week 1 Integrate common Engage: The Research
statistical concepts such as Process
various levels of Elaborate: Processes
measurement, sample, Involved in Statistics
population, and the like in Explain: Differentiate
various scholarly practices. between the two branches
of statistics and identify types
of data.

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Elaborate: Demonstration
Problem
Evaluate:
Laboratory Exercise 1
Summative Quiz at the end of
Module 2

Unit 2 Frequency Distributions

Week 1 Integrate common Engage: Organization of Data
statistical concepts such as into Tables
various levels of Elaborate: Components of a
measurement, sample, Frequency Distribution
population, and the like in Explain: Steps in constructing a
various scholarly practices. Frequency Distribution
Elaborate: Guidelines for
constructing Frequency
Distribution
Evaluate:
Answer Laboratory Exercise 1
Summative Quiz at the end of
Module 2

Unit 3 Graphical Depiction of Data

Week 2 Integrate common Engage: Organization of Data
statistical concepts such as into Graphs
various levels of Elaborate: Types of Graphs:
measurement, sample, Different Ways to Represent
population, and the like in Data
various scholarly practices. Explain: Steps on how to make
a histogram, frequency
polygon and ogive.
Elaborate: Shape of a
Distribution
Evaluate:
Answer Laboratory Exercise 1
Summative Quiz at the end of
Module 2

MODULE 2: DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS

Unit 1 Measures of Central Tendency

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Week 2 Demonstrate a clear Engage: Statistics Fun Facts

understanding of measures Explore: How are measures of
employed in Descriptive central tendency applied in
Statistics, including Psychological practice?
management, presentation, Explain: Discuss the measures of
and interpretation of central tendency
numerical data. Elaborate: Example on how to
compute measures of central
tendency
Evaluate:
Answer Laboratory Exercise 2
Summative Quiz at the end of
Module 2

Unit 2 Measures of Variability

Week 3 Demonstrate a clear Engage: Analyze the scatter
understanding of measures plot
employed in Descriptive Explore: How are measures of
Statistics, including variability applied in
management, presentation, Psychological practice.
and interpretation of Explain: Discuss the measures of
numerical data. variability
Elaborate: Example on how to
compute for measures of
variability
Evaluate:
Answer Laboratory Exercise 2
Summative Quiz at the end of
Module 2

Unit 3 Measures of Association

Week 3 Demonstrate a clear Engage: Correlation as

understanding of measures Measure of Association
employed in Descriptive Explore: Understanding
Statistics, including Pearson’s Correlation
management, presentation, Coefficient (r)
and interpretation of Explain: Steps on how to
numerical data. Compute the Correlation
Coefficient (r)
Elaborate: Correlation in Excel
Evaluate:
Answer Laboratory Exercise 3

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Summative Quiz at the end of

Module 2

Unit 4 The Normal Distribution Curve

Week 4 Demonstrate an Engage: Discovering

understanding of the Probabilities
Normal Distribution Curve Explore: Principles of Probability
and exhibit the prediction Explain: The Normal Distribution
scores and frequencies Curve
based on the principles of Elaborate: Types of Problems
probability and the normal Evaluate: Answer Laboratory
distribution curve. Exercise 4
Summative Quiz at the end of
Module 2

MODULE 3: INFERENTIAL STATISTICS

Unit 1 Randomization, Sampling Techniques and Sampling Error
Week 4 Compare and contrast Engage: Interesting Uses of
Descriptive and Inferential Inferential Statistics
Statistics both in concept Explore: Descriptive Statistics VS
and in applicability. Inferential Statistics
Explain: Randomization and
Sampling Techniques
Elaborate: Sampling Error
Evaluate:
Answer Laboratory Exercise 5
Summative Quiz at the end of
Module 3

Unit 2 Hypothesis Testing

Week 4 Evaluate concepts in Engage: Statistical Inference
Inferential Statistics in an Explore: Keys to Understand
appropriate and organized Hypothesis Testing
manner as a relevant tool Explain: Steps in Hypothesis
in psychological research Testing
and in the general Elaborate: Understanding
Important Concepts in
understanding of human
Hypothesis Testing
behavior.
Evaluate:
Answer Laboratory Exercise 6

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Summative Quiz at the end of

Module 3

Prelim Examination

MODULE 4: STATISTICAL INFERENCES ABOUT THE MEAN

Week 1 Test and assess hypotheses Engage: Proving the sample as
about the sample’s representative of the
representativeness of the population.
population. Explore: Understanding the
Standard Error of the Mean
Explain: Interpreting the
Standard Error of the Mean
Elaborate: Hypothesizing
Representativeness
Evaluate: Answer Laboratory
Exercise 3
Summative Quiz at the end of
Module 2

MODULE 5: STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

SAMPLE MEANS
Week 2 and Week 3 Execute appropriate Engage: Understanding the T-
statistical methods and Statistic
tools in managing, Explore: Correlated Samples
organizing, presenting, and Versus Uncorrelated Samples
interpreting numerical Explain: Hypothesis Testing
output. making use of the T Test as Test
Statistic
Elaborate: Performing T Test in
Excel
Evaluate:
Answer Laboratory Exercise 8
Summative Quiz at the end of
Module 5

MODULE 6: STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CORRELATION

COEFFICIENT
Week 4 Execute appropriate Explore: Correlation Coefficient
statistical methods and as a Measure of Association
tools in managing,

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organizing, presenting, and Explain: Hypothesis Testing

interpreting numerical making use of Correlation
output. Coefficient as Test Statistic
Elaborate: Demonstration
Problem
Evaluate:
Answer Laboratory Exercise 9
Summative Quiz at the end of
Module 6

Midterm Examination

MODULE 7: THE STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF FREQUENCIES

Week 1 and Week 2 Execute appropriate Engage: Karl Pearson and the
statistical methods and Chi Square
tools in managing, Explore: Applications of Chi-
organizing, presenting, and Square
interpreting numerical Explain: Hypothesis Testing
output. Making use of Chi Square as
Test Statistic
Elaborate: Demonstration
Problem
Evaluate:
Answer Laboratory Exercise 10
Summative Quiz at the end of
Module 7

MODULE 8: ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

Week 3 and Week 4 Execute appropriate Engage: T - Test VS ANOVA
statistical methods and Explore: Applications of Single
tools in managing, Factor ANOVA
organizing, presenting, and Explain: Hypothesis Testing
interpreting numerical making use of ANOVA (single
output. factor) as Test Statistic
Elaborate: Demonstration
Problem
Evaluate:
Answer Laboratory Exercise 11
Summative Quiz at the end of
Module 8

Final Examination

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V. Evaluation
Grades are earned. Your grade is determined by your participation and performance
on the various learning assessments in the course, whether it is done individually or as a
group.

To pass this course, you must:

1. Read all course readings and answer the summative quizzes and laboratory
exercises.
2. Submit all required laboratory exercises and outputs on the deadline.
3. Do the Prelim, Midterm and Final Examination.

Formative Assessment. You are required to answer sample problems and self-
assessment problems to provide me an assessment of your understanding of the
course. It will also provide you with information on the progress of your learning and
the areas to which you need to improve on and for me to assist and reinforce.

Summative Assessment Activities:

A. Quizzes and Examination
● 2 quizzes for the prelims shall be done.
● 3 quizzes for the midterms shall be done.
● 2 quizzes for the finals shall be done.
● Prelim, Midterm and Final examinations shall also be conducted.

B. Laboratory Exercises
There will be 11 Laboratory Exercises that will comprise this course.

Grading System

Prelim Grade Midterm Grade Tentative Final Grade

Graded 20% Graded 20% Graded 20%
exercises and exercises and exercises and
assignments assignments assignments
Quizzes 30% Quizzes 30% Quizzes 30%
Theoretical 25% Theoretical 25% Theoretical 25%
Exam Exam Exam
Computational 25% Computational 25% Computational 25%
Exam Exam Exam
Total 100% Total 100% Total 100%

Final Grade (Averaging)

Prelim Grade + Midterm Grade + Tentative Final Grade/3

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VI. Technological Tools

To be able to accomplish all the tasks in this course, you will be needing a scientific
calculator and excel application in your laptop or desktop. All materials and activities
will be facilitated through the Google Suite Application available for you as subscribed
by Saint Louis University.

VII. Contact Information of the Facilitator

COURSE FACILITATOR email address: [email protected]

STELA DEAN'S OFFICE CONTACT NOS.: 0938-757-7842 OR 0953-134-9220

Prepared by:

Psychology Department

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