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Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Background of the Study

Scholarship grants are vital for enabling access to higher

education and fostering academic success, reducing financial burdens for

students from diverse backgrounds. However, persistent issues surround

their distribution, adequacy, sustainability, and impact, impacting both

students and educational institutions. Disparities in access based on

socioeconomic status raise concerns about fairness and inclusivity,

while inadequate funding may hinder students' ability to cover essential

expenses beyond tuition fees, leading to academic challenges.

Additionally, the sustainability of scholarship programs is a concern

for educational institutions grappling with budgetary constraints and

competing priorities, potentially jeopardizing vital financial support

for students (Eliseeva,, Myagkova, & Litvinov (2021).

Merely 40 percent of Filipino high-school graduates possess the

financial means to pursue higher education, a predicament detrimental to

the nation's prospects for sustainable development. This pressing issue

affecting students and the education sector has spurred lawmakers to

explore avenues for enhancing the dissemination of scholarships and

other forms of financial aid.

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It is imperative to investigate the effects of scholarships on

academic performance in order to increase opportunity to higher

education, particularly for underprivileged students. Examining this

connection reveals ways in which scholarships reduce financial

obligations and free up time for students to concentrate more on their

education. By comprehending the variables that lead to enhanced academic

performance, governments may create scholarship programs that serve

students more effectively. Furthermore, this study provides valuable

insights for addressing achievement and access gaps, resulting in

focused interventions that enhance the academic performance of students.

Ultimately, it advances equity and excellence in education, empowering

individuals to achieve their educational goals and contribute to

societal development.

A shortage of research on investigating the relationship between

students' perceived adequacy of various scholarship types and their

academic performance, creates an inconsistency in our understanding of

how scholarships affect the recipients' academic performance. There are

only a few local empirical data on how different scholarship types, such

as full tuition, stipends, or a combination of both, affect student

achievement, despite the fact that previous research has acknowledged

the significance of scholarships in helping students. Understanding this

correlation is vital in order to develop methods for allocating

scholarships and managing resources that enhance academic performance.

This research would offer important information on how well various

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scholarship programs encourage academic success among Saint Theresa

College of Tandag, Inc. recipient students.

Theoretical Framework

This study is anchored on Becker's Human Capital Theory (1975)

emphasizes the value of scholarships in enabling access to higher

education by stating that educational investments increase productivity

and earning potential. Scholarships enable students to focus more time

and energy on their academics by easing financial obligations.

Scholarships foster an environment that is favorable to academic

performance by lowering financial stress and providing opportunities

(Ahmed, Barkat, & Ullah, 2022). Human capital theory views education as

a funding that yields returns to the individual in the conformation of

higher earnings and to the state in the form of employment and economic

growth, thus molding education instrumental for economic growth (Gillies

2015)

This study is also supported by Wigfield's Expectancy-Value Theory

(2002) connotes by changing people's views about their own skills and

the importance they place on education, scholarships may have a positive

effect on academic achievement. A scholarship increases a student's

self-confidence in their academic abilities because it is an

acknowledgement of their potential and accomplishments. Furthermore,

scholarships frequently have requirements or expectations, such as

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upholding a particular GPA, which encourages students to excel in school

(Shittu, 2019). Addditionaly, Expectancy-value theory is one of the

major approaches to the study of academic motivation, has been widely

utilized to predict and elucidate students' task choices, learning

persistence and academic performance (Wigfield & Eccles, 2000).

Lastly, Deci and Ryan's Self-Determination Theory (2000) highlights

how scholarships enable students to independently pursue their academic

goals by offering aid in the form of money. Scholarships free up funds

so that students may concentrate more on their education, which

increases their sense of competence and self-efficacy. Furthermore,

students' intrinsic motivation is strengthened by the acknowledgement

and assistance that come with scholarship programs, which in turn

increases engagement and promotes student achievement, as demonstrated

by Graham and Vaughann (2022). Thus, according to self-determination

theory, scholarships not only offer financial support but also satisfy

basic psychological needs, which has a favorable impact on student

success. Moreover, this theory proposes that student’s stimulus and

performance are driven by their perception of autonomy, capability, and

relatedness. Scholarship grantees who feel empowered to

establish their own academic choices, believe in their abilities, and

feel associated to their academic community are doubtlessly to perform

better academically.
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Conceptual Framework

The schematic diagram presented in Figure 1 maps the entire process

of the study.

The first box consists two (2) independent variables which are the

scholarship type of the grantees and the grantees’ perceived adequacy of

scholarship. The grantees’ scholarship type includes full tuition,

stipend/allowance, and full tuition with stipend/allowance, while the

grantees’ perceived adequacy of scholarships includes the financial

aspect, academic aspect, and psychological aspect. These variables will

be correlated with the dependent variable which is shown in the second

box.

The second box contains the dependent variable of the study, which

is the academic performance of the scholarship grantees at Saint Theresa

College of Tandag, Inc. This pertains to the grades acquired from the

recent semester of the scholarship grantees, specifically from the

academic year 2023-2024.

The last box presents the output of the study, which corresponds to

the improved academic performance of scholarship grantees at Saint

Theresa College. This will be accomplished by implementing the

recommended measures that the researchers will put forth, which will be

supported by the findings of the study.

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Impact of Academic
Scholarship Performance as
programs among the to:
Grantees as to: Improved
Academic
 Self- Performance of
 Financial Aspect Efficacy Scholarship
 Motivatio Grantees among
 Academic Aspect n the College
 Academic Students at
 Psychological Saint Theresa
Activitie
Aspect
s College of
Engagemen Tandag, Inc.
t
 Social
Activitie
s

````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
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Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of the Study

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to examine the impact of scholarship programs on

academic performance of the scholarship grantees 1 ST Semester A.Y. 2023-

2024 at Saint Theresa College of Tandag City, Inc.

1. What is the level of impact of scholarship programs among the

grantees as to:

1.1. Financial Aspect;

1.2. Academic Aspect, and

1.3. Psychological Aspect?

2. What is the status of academic performance of scholarship grantees

as to:

2.1 Self Efficacy

2.2 Motivation

2.3 Academic Activities Engagement

2.4 Social Activities

3. Is there a significant relationship between impact of scholarship

programs and their academic performance?

4. What measures can be suggested to possibly enhance the academic

performance of the scholarship grantees at Saint Theresa College of

Tandag, Inc.?
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Hypotheses

This study will be hypothesized at 0.05 level of significance.

H01: There is no significant relationship between the grantees’

perceived adequacy of scholarships and their academic performance.

Significance of the Study

The researchers believe that the results of this study will be of

great benefit to the following:

Scholarship Program Administrators. Understanding the correlation

between scholarships and academic performance can help administrators

optimize their scholarship programs. They can tailor eligibility

criteria and conditions to maximize the positive impact on students'

academic outcomes.

Institution Administrators. Insights from this study can aid

institution administrators in evaluating the effectiveness of their

scholarship programs. They can use the findings to refine their

strategies for supporting students financially and academically,

ultimately enhancing overall institutional success and reputation.

Criminology Instructors. Knowledge about the influence of

scholarships on academic performance can assist criminology instructors

in identifying and supporting students who may face challenges due to

financial constraints. By understanding the link between financial

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support and academic success, instructors can provide targeted guidance

and resources to help students thrive.

Criminology Students. This study's findings can directly benefit

Criminology students by highlighting the importance of scholarships in

facilitating academic achievement. Students may gain a deeper

understanding of how financial assistance can impact their educational

journey, motivating them to pursue scholarship opportunities and excel

academically.

Future Researchers. The insights generated by this study can serve

as a valuable foundation for future research endeavors in the field of

scholarships and academic performance. Researchers can build upon the

findings to explore additional factors or delve deeper into specific

aspects of scholarship programs, contributing to a broader understanding

of this critical area in education.

Scope and Limitation

This study aims to assess the impact of scholarship programs on the

academic performance of scholarship grantees across all academic

programs at Saint Theresa College of Tandag, Inc., situated in Tandag

City, Surigao del Sur, Philippines. The primary objective is to

determine whether the provision of scholarships influences the academic

outcomes of these students.

The respondents of this study will be students who have been

granted scholarships across each of the programs offered by this

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particular educational institution, particularly during the academic

year 2023–2024. With the goal of determining whether there is

significant relationship between the variables, the researchers are

going to gather necessary data.

Furthermore, the researchers will utilize the insights gained from

this study as a basis for crafting recommendations aimed at enhancing

academic performance among scholarship grantees at Saint Theresa College

of Tandag, Inc.

Definition of Terms

The following are defined operationally for the better

understanding of the study:

Academic Aspect. This refers to the perceived impact of the

scholarship grant on the grantee's academic pursuits, including its

ability to facilitate academic success, access to educational resources,

and opportunities for academic enrichment.

Academic Performance. This refers to the level of achievement

demonstrated by students in their educational pursuits as assessed

through their recently acquired grades.

Athletic Scholarships. This type of scholarship is awarded to

student-athletes based on their athletic abilities and participation in

sports.
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Financial Aspect. This refers to the perceived sufficiency of the

scholarship grant in meeting the financial needs of the grantee,

including tuition fees, living expenses, and other educational costs.

Improved Academic Performance. This refers to the anticipated

enhancement in the level of academic achievement among scholarship

recipients throughout the institution, which is addressed through the

implementation of measures recommended by the researchers.

Merit-Based Scholarship. This type of scholarship is awarded based

on academic achievement, extracurricular activities, leadership

qualities, or other merit-based criteria.

Need-Based Scholarships. This type of scholarship is awarded based

on financial need, typically determined by family income, assets, and

other financial circumstances.

Psychological Aspect. This refers to the perceived influence of the

scholarship grant on the grantee's psychological well-being and

motivation, including feelings of recognition, support, and confidence

in their academic abilities.

Scholarship Adequacy. This refers to the students' subjective

evaluation of how effectively the scholarships meet their financial

needs, support their academic endeavors, and contribute to their

psychological well-being and motivation.

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Self-efficacy. Refers to an individual's belief in their ability to

succeed in academic tasks and challenges. It influences the effort they

put forth, their perseverance in the face of obstacles, and ultimately,

their academic achievements.

Motivation. Refers to the internal or external factors that drive

individuals to engage in learning activities, persist in the face of

challenges, and strive for academic success. It can encompass a variety

of factors such as personal goals, aspirations, intrinsic interest in

the subject matter, extrinsic rewards, encouragement from others, and a

sense of competence and autonomy.

Social Activities. Refers to interactions and engagements beyond

academics, such as joining clubs, participating in extracurricular,

forming study groups, and building positive relationships with peers and

mentors. These activities provide support, motivation, and a sense of

belonging, ultimately boosting academic success.

Academic Activities. Refers to an engagement encompasses the active

involvement of students in various learning experiences, both within and

beyond the classroom, contributing to their overall academic success and

learning outcomes.

CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents related literature and studies relevant to

the present study. The literature and studies reviewed in this chapter
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discuss various concepts and ideas that served as supporting evidence

for the study.

Related Literature

Foreign

Patterson (2022) elucidates that scholarships serve as invaluable

financial resources for college students, providing funds for education

without the obligation of repayment. Originating from diverse sources

like government agencies, colleges, and private organizations,

scholarships encompass various types tailored to different eligibility

criteria and application processes. While scholarships may not cover all

expenses, combining them with other funding sources is advisable, with

early initiation and strategic utilization of resources enhancing the

chances of securing financial aid.

Scholarship America (2024) underscores the transformative impact of

scholarships in enabling students from economically disadvantaged

backgrounds to access higher education opportunities. By alleviating the

financial burden of college costs, scholarships empower students to

pursue academic aspirations without fear of overwhelming debt. Moreover,

scholarships contribute to breaking the cycle of poverty by promoting

equity and access in education, ensuring that all students can achieve

their full potential, irrespective of economic circumstances.

Building upon this, South Dakota State University (2024) emphasizes

that scholarships offer more than just financial assistance, serving as

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catalysts for students to pursue their dreams and overcome financial

challenges. By fostering a sense of equilibrium and wellness,

scholarships enable students to maintain focus on academics while

actively engaging in extracurricular pursuits. SDSU highlights the

tangible benefits of scholarship support, enriching the overall

educational journey and enhancing career prospects for students.

In tandem with this perspective, John (2023) asserts that

scholarships play a pivotal role in realizing educational and career

aspirations, providing students with the means to pursue their goals

without financial constraints. Not only do scholarships cover tuition

fees, but they also alleviate living expenses, offering a pathway to

enhanced career prospects. However, it is essential to exercise

diligence in meeting eligibility criteria and adhering to application

instructions to maximize the benefits of scholarships while mitigating

potential risks.

Furthermore, Mahuron (2019) underscores the significance of

prestigious or merit-based scholarships in bolstering one's appeal as a

job applicant. Recognized as achievements by prospective employers,

these scholarships signify outstanding capabilities in academic,

athletic, or artistic domains, distinguishing candidates in the

competitive job market and facilitating the realization of desired

career paths.

Local
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In Morato's (2022) report, she discussed how scholarships can

really help students who don't have a lot of money to afford school. She

added that scholarships are like a key that opens the door to education,

especially for those who come from families with low incomes. However,

challenges may arise such as that some students are refusing to go to

school because of political reasons, which is not helping anyone. The

author stated that the government needs to do more to help students,

like providing scholarships and making sure everyone can go to school.

Also, she emphasized that scholarships are really important because they

not only help students financially but also give them the chance to

succeed in life.

However, scholarship privileges can sometimes inadvertently foster

procrastination among student grantees, according to Asio (2020). With

the financial security provided by scholarships, students may perceive

less immediate pressure to excel academically. This sense of security

might lead to a lax approach to studying and completing assignments,

resulting in procrastination tendencies. On the other hand, non-grantees

often face greater urgency to manage their time efficiently to secure

financial aid through other means, such as part-time jobs or loans.

Consequently, while scholarships undoubtedly offer essential support,

they may inadvertently contribute to procrastination tendencies among

recipients compared to non-recipients.

In essence, according to Lalu (2021) need-based scholarships are

awarded to students based on financial need, considering factors such as

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family income and assets. These scholarships aim to assist students who

demonstrate financial need but may not necessarily excel academically or

in other areas. On the other hand, merit-based scholarships are awarded

based on academic achievement, extracurricular involvement, talent, or

other accomplishments. These scholarships recognize students for their

outstanding performance or contributions in specific areas, regardless

of their financial need. Overall, while need-based scholarships

prioritize financial assistance for students facing economic challenges,

merit-based scholarships reward excellence and achievement in various

domains.

However, accoring to Makanda (2021), merit-based scholarships,

while offering financial support, come with their share of challenges.

This expectation often creates significant pressure for students to

excel in their studies. Maintaining the required academic standards can

be challenging and stressful, especially when coupled with other

responsibilities. Consequently, students may feel compelled to

prioritize academic achievement above all else, potentially neglecting

other aspects of their personal and social development. The stringent

academic requirements of scholarships highlight the competitive nature

of these financial awards.

However, athletic Scholarships, as stated by Ateneo de Manila

University (2022), offer a unique opportunity for student-athletes who

excel in both sports and academics. These scholarships are typically

awarded to individuals who demonstrate outstanding athletic prowess and

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maintain strong academic performance. To apply for an Athletic

Scholarship, prospective students usually need to coordinate with the

respective university's Athletics Office or similar department. This

process involves meeting specific eligibility criteria and fulfilling

application requirements outlined by the institution. Athletic

Scholarships aim to support student-athletes in balancing their athletic

pursuits with academic commitments, fostering a conducive environment

for their overall growth and development.

Related Studies

Foreign

The study conducted by Habiba and Liaqat (2022) emphasizes the

significant influence of scholarships on student achievement and

behavior in the education sector, highlighting the pivotal role of

finance in educational opportunities. Through mean and weighted score

calculations, the study underscores the positive impact of scholarships

on fostering a competitive environment and motivating students to excel

academically. This suggests that scholarships play a crucial role in

promoting student success and supporting equitable access to education.

Similarly, R. Ahmed, A. Ahmed, Barkat, and Ullah (2022) further

investigate the impact of government financial aid on students' success

outcomes, utilizing a difference-in-differences (DID) model to

demonstrate the positive relationship between need-based scholarships

and academic performance, particularly for male students. This study

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underscores the effectiveness of scholarship programs in promoting

student success and suggests the importance of continuing such

initiatives to support students' academic endeavors.

Shaikh, Channa, Afshan, and Memon (2023) delve into the influence

of scholarships on university students' academic achievement and

identify various factors affecting their performance. Through semi-

structured interviews and purposive sampling, the study reveals the

challenges faced by scholarship recipients, such as financial

constraints and psychological stress, underscoring the importance of

providing support to address students' needs. This highlights the

importance of ongoing support and intervention programs to support

socioeconomically vulnerable students.

Additionally, Mulyaningsih, Dong, Miranti, Daly, and Purwaningsih

(2022) investigate the impact of a scholarship program in Indonesia,

finding a positive association between scholarships and student

performance, particularly among those from disadvantaged backgrounds.

These findings collectively emphasize the significant role of

scholarships in enhancing academic outcomes and supporting

socioeconomically vulnerable students. This suggests the importance of

ongoing support and intervention programs to promote student success and

mitigate educational inequalities.

Moreover, Moreira, Passeri, Velho, Ferraresi, Appenzeller, and

Amaral (2019) examine the performance of undergraduate medical students

in Brazil, comparing scholarship recipients with non-recipients. The

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study reveals that scholarship recipients achieved better academic

performance, highlighting the positive impact of scholarships on student

success in medical courses. These findings reinforce the importance of

scholarship programs in supporting students' academic endeavors and

promoting equitable access to education.

Local

To initiate the discussion locally, Cagasan, Belonias, and Cuadra

(2020) embarked on a thorough exploration of how scholarship grants

significantly shape the academic trajectory of graduate students at

Visayas State University. Their study meticulously examined the profound

impact of these grants on students' academic achievements and career

development. Through a comprehensive survey and insightful focus group

discussions, they unearthed the pivotal role of scholarship grants in

motivating students to excel academically and complete their degrees

within the allotted timeframe. The findings underscored the

indispensable contribution of scholarship grants in fostering human

resource development, thereby enriching the academic landscape and

propelling national advancement.

Transitioning to another dimension, Purigay (2020) delved into the

intricate realm of the Tertiary Education Subsidy (TES) program's

initial implementation within the 4th Congressional District of Quezon

Province. Employing a meticulous blend of descriptive and quantitative

research methodologies, Purigay meticulously assessed the program's

impact on student persistence, academic performance, and financial

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capacity. In unraveling the multifaceted dynamics of TES, the study

provided invaluable insights into the program's efficacy in alleviating

financial burdens and fostering academic engagement among beneficiaries.

However, amidst the program's promising prospects, the study also

brought to light critical implementation challenges that warrant urgent

attention and strategic intervention.

In line with student support, Capinig, Godoy, Guinoo, Dela Cruz,

and Tus (2023) embarked on a profound exploration of the Tertiary

Education Subsidy (TES) program's impact on students navigating

financial adversities in their educational journey. Through a nuanced

qualitative analysis, the study delved into the lived experiences,

challenges, and coping mechanisms of TES beneficiaries. The findings

resonated with a resounding affirmation of the program's transformative

influence in addressing students' financial exigencies and bolstering

their academic performance. By providing essential financial support and

serving as a motivational catalyst, TES emerged as a beacon of hope for

students striving to realize their educational aspirations amidst

financial constraints.

Moreover, Jurada and Balaoro (2022) directed their scholarly lens

towards unraveling the nexus between scholarships and academic

performance among aspiring teachers at Laguna State Polytechnic

University. Through meticulous surveys and in-depth inquiries, the study

meticulously dissected the intricate interplay between scholarships,

financial needs, and academic achievements. While scholarships were

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lauded for their instrumental role in alleviating financial burdens and

fostering academic pursuits, the study unveiled a surprising revelation—

their limited impact on students' grades. This paradoxical finding

underscored the complex web of factors shaping academic outcomes and

underscored the imperative for further research to elucidate strategies

for supporting students from underprivileged backgrounds.

Shifting focus yet again, Banayo, Cuenca, Cacao, and Wong (2023)

embarked on an ambitious quest to unravel the intricate dynamics between

student support services and college persistence in STEM education

within the Philippines. By meticulously dissecting the correlation

between satisfaction with scholarship services and college persistence,

the study illuminated the nuanced interplay between institutional

support and student perseverance. Despite high levels of satisfaction

with scholarship services, the study revealed a surprising disconnect

between satisfaction and college persistence, hinting at underlying

complexities warranting deeper exploration. Through its incisive

findings and compelling recommendations, the study paved the way for

future research endeavors aimed at fortifying student support mechanisms

and nurturing a conducive environment for academic success.

Insights Gained

The review of related literature and studies offers a nuanced

perspective on the multifaceted impact of scholarships on student

success and educational outcomes. Across both foreign and local

contexts, scholarships serve as indispensable tools for facilitating

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access to higher education, particularly for students from economically

disadvantaged backgrounds. These financial resources not only alleviate

the financial burdens associated with pursuing a college degree but also

contribute to breaking the cycle of poverty by promoting equity and

access in education. However, the efficacy of scholarship programs

extends beyond mere financial assistance, as they also play a pivotal

role in fostering academic excellence and supporting students in

achieving their educational aspirations.

While scholarships undoubtedly offer essential support, they also

present challenges that warrant careful consideration. Academic pressure

stemming from the competitive nature of scholarship acquisition can

place undue stress on students, leading to heightened expectations and

performance anxiety. Moreover, implementation complexities, such as the

uncertainty surrounding scholarship renewal and eligibility criteria,

can create additional hurdles for students navigating the scholarship

landscape. Despite these challenges, scholarships remain invaluable

tools for promoting educational equity and empowering students to

realize their full potential. Thus, comprehensive support mechanisms and

intervention programs are essential to maximize the benefits of

scholarships while addressing the barriers to student success.

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CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter describes the research design, research locale and

the respondents, sampling procedure, research instruments, data

collection procedure, and statistical treatment to be used in the study.

Research Design

This study will employ quantitative research specifically

descriptive-correlational design to assess the scholarship grantees at

Saint Theresa College of Tandag, Inc. The descriptive aspect will be

utilized to determine the level of impact of scholarship programs among

the grantees while the quantitative-correlational aspect seeks the

relationships between impact of scholarship programs and academic

performance. Through data description and correlational analysis, the

study aims to provide insights into how scholarship programs may

influence students' academic performance.

Research Locale

This study will be conducted at Saint Theresa College of Tandag,

Inc., a private higher educational institution situated in Tandag City,

Surigao del Sur, 8300. The selection of this site for the research is

based on the substantial presence of scholarship recipients among

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COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
24
students granted with different category of scholarship programs at the

institution, strengthening its suitability for the study.

Research Respondents

The participants in this study will comprise students from various

college departments who have been awarded scholarship programs at Saint

Theresa College of Tandag, Inc. for the academic year 2023-2024. These

students play a vital role in offering perspectives regarding their

scholarship programs. Additionally, by exploring their personal

experiences and viewpoints, the researchers aim to gain a deeper

understanding of the potential impact of scholarship programs on

students’ academic performance.

Table 1

Distribution of Respondents

N=

Group of
Frequency Percentage
Respondents
COLLEGE OF
197
CRIMINOLOGY
CASTE 48
COA 16
CBME 26
CIT 16
Total 100%
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Sampling Technique

In this study, a stratified random sampling method will be utilized

to select respondents from college department ensuring representation

across the academic programs of Saint Theresa College of Tandag, Inc.

The departments include College of Criminology, College of Accountancy,

College of Teacher Education, College of Arts and Sciences, College of

Business and Management Education, and College of Information

Technology. First, the total population in each program will be

determined. Then, a proportional sample size will be calculated based on

the size of grantees in each program. This approach aims to gather

insights into how scholarship programs impact academic performance of

the grantees across the college department in the institution.

Research Instrument

In this study, a researchers made questionnaire will be used as the

primary data collection tool. To ensure its suitability and accuracy,

the questionnaire will undergo validity and reliability procedures to

guarantee its effectiveness in thoroughly evaluating not only the

various types of scholarships but also the overall adequacy of the

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COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
26
scholarship programs under careful review. Furthermore, the

questionnaire will be structured into two (2) sections to facilitate a

comprehensive exploration of the research objectives. The first part

will focus on collecting detailed information about the level of impact

of scholarship programs. The second part will focus deeper into the

level of academic performance of scholarship grantees. The division of

the questionnaire aims to provide an understanding of scholarship

provision and its impact on academic performance.

Validation of Instrument

To validate the research instrument for this study, a thorough

review process will be taken together with the research adviser and a

panel of expert validators in research studies. Following the initial

development of the survey questionnaire, the research adviser will

thoroughly evaluate its clarity, relevance, and alignment with the study

objectives. Thereafter, the instrument will be submitted to the selected

experts in research methodology and relevant fields for further review.

These validators will assess the questionnaire's validity, reliability,

and effectiveness in measuring the intended variables. Their feedback

and recommendations will be carefully considered to clarify the

instrument and ensure its suitability for the study's objectives. This

validation process will uphold the standards necessary for the research

instrument's reliability and validity.

Data Gathering Procedure

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The researchers will initiate the data gathering process by seeking
permission from the important institutional officials of Saint Theresa
College, including the school president, vice president of academic
affairs, and dean of the College of Criminology. Once permitted, the
researchers will systematically identify grantees in various type of
scholarship programs of Saint Theresa College of Tandag, Inc.
Afterwards, the researchers will distribute the validated survey
questionnaire to these students, followed by the collection of initial
data. The collected data will be referred to the statistician for
accurate interpretation. The researchers will then present their
findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on the survey results
and statistical interpretation.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The following statistical tools will be used to treat the problems
in the study:
Frequency and Percentage. The frequency and percentage
distributions will be used to categorize the respondents according to
their college department and the respondents’ scholarship type received.
Weighted Mean. It will be used to determine the adequacy of the
scholarship programs received by the students across the college
departments.
Pearson r Correlation. This will be employed to determine the
significant relationships between the types of scholarship received by
the students and their academic performance; and the students’ perceived
adequacy of received scholarship programs and their academic
performance.

Scoring and Parameter

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The researcher will use the standard scoring below to determine the
Impact of Scholarship Programs on Academic Performance of College
Students in Saint Theresa College of Tandag Inc.

Impact of Scholarship Programs.

SCORE RANGE ADJECTIVAL DESCRIPTION INTERPRETATION

5 4.20 – 5.00 Very High

4 3.40 – 4.19 High

3 2.60 – 3.39 Moderate

2 1.80 – 2.59 Low

1 1.00 - 1.79 Very low

STATUS OF ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF GRANTEES

SCORE RANGE ADJECTIVAL DESCRIPTION

5 4.20 – 5.00 Strongly Agree

4 3.40 – 4.19 Agree

3 2.60 – 3.39 Niether Agree nor Disagree

2 1.80 – 2.59 Disagree

1 1.00 - 1.79 Strongly Disagree

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