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(Wk1a) 1.0 Introduction To Process Dynamics - 606

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(Wk1a) 1.0 Introduction To Process Dynamics - 606

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2022830634
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CPE606 – PROCESS MODELLING

& SIMULATION

Introduction to Process Modelling &


Simulation
PM DR NORNIZAR ANUAR
In this lecture, we will be covering:
1.0 Introduction to Process Dynamics
CLO1 Understand the importance of process dynamics
to industrial applications. (CO1, PO1)
CLO2 Explain the categories of applications of process
modelling techniques to various stages of design.
(CO1, PO1)
CHAPTER 1
҉ Introduction to Process Dynamics
1.1 Use of Mathematical Modelling for various
purposes.
1.2 Principles of formulation
1.1 Use of Mathematical Models
҉ Mathematical models are useful in chemical
engineering in the following areas:
A) Research and development
B) Design stage
C) Plant operations, and
C) Business in economic studies
A. Research and development
҉ Determining chemical kinetics mechanisms and
parameters from laboratory and/or pilot plant
reaction data.
҉ Exploring the effects of different operating
conditions for optimization and control studies.
҉ Aiding in scale-up calculations.
B. Design stage
҉ Exploration the sizing and arrangement of
processing equipment for dynamics performance.
҉ The study of interactions of various parts of the
process, particularly when the materials are
recycled or heat integration is used.
҉ Evaluation of alternative process and control
structures and strategies.
҉ Simulating start-up, shutdown and emergency
situation and procedures.
C. Plant operation
҉ Troubleshooting control and processing problems.
҉ Aiding in start-up and operator training.

҉ Studying the effects of and the requirements for


expansion of projects
҉ Optimizing plant operation
1.2 Principles of Formulation
҉ Basis
– The bases for mathematical models are the
fundamental physics and chemical laws such as laws of
conservation of mass, energy and momentum.
҉ Assumptions
– Types of valid assumptions that can be made of a
process – difficult task.
– Too details : results in a tedious model and take a long
time to solve.
҉ Mathematical consistency of Model
– Number of variables equals the number of equations
– DOF must be zero to obtain a solution
҉ Solution of the model equations
– Available solution techniques and tools must be kept
in mind as a mathematical model is developed
҉ Verification
– Important part but often being neglected: proving the
model describes the real world.
– Design stage – this cannot be done but usually data
from pilot plant or similar plant study could be used.
Conclusion
҉ Itis usually cheaper, safer and faster to conduct
the studies on a mathematical model rather than
experimentally on an operating unit.
END OF LECTURE

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