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WT Unit 4 Server Side Technology 2

Php javascript

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12 views

WT Unit 4 Server Side Technology 2

Php javascript

Uploaded by

Harshitha Poluju
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 98

Pune Vidyarthi Griha’s

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, NASHIK

“SERVER SIDE
TECHNOLOGYIES - II”
By
Prof. Anand N. Gharu
(Assistant Professor)
PVGCOE Computer Dept.
Note: The material to prepare this presentation has been taken from internet and are generated only

for students reference and not for commercialuse.


16 Feb 2020
Outline

PHP

WAP & WML,

AJAX
PHP
Outline

Introduction to PHP,
Features,

sample code,

PHP script working,

PHP syntax,

conditions & Loops,

Functions,

String manipulation,

Arrays & Functions,

Form handling,

Cookies & Sessions,

using MySQL with PHP,


Introduction to PHP
• PHP is an acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor"

• PHP is a widely-used, open source scripting language

• PHP scripts are executed on the server

• PHP is free to download and use

• What is a PHP File?

• PHP files can contain text, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP code

• PHP code are executed on the server, and the result is returned
to the browser as plain HTML

• PHP files have extension ".php"


Introduction to PHP
• What Can PHP Do?

• PHP can generate dynamic page content

• PHP can create, open, read, write, delete, and close files on the server

• PHP can collect form data

• PHP can send and receive cookies

• PHP can add, delete, modify data in your database

• PHP can be used to control user-access

• PHP can encrypt data

• With PHP you are not limited to output HTML. You can output images,
PDF files, and even Flash movies. You can also output any text, such as
XHTML and XML.
Features /Advantages of PHP
• PHP runs on various platforms (Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac OS X,
etc.)

• PHP is compatible with almost all servers used today (Apache, IIS, etc.)

• PHP supports a wide range of databases

• PHP is free. Download it from the official PHP resource:


www.php.net

• PHP is easy to learn and runs efficiently on the server side.

• Advantages :
• Simple , Interpreted , Faster , Open Source , Platform Independent ,
Efficiency, Flexibility.
PHP Syntax
• Basic PHP Syntax

• A PHP script can be placed anywhere in the document.

• A PHP script starts with <?php and ends with ?>:

• <?php
// PHP code goes here
?>

• The default file extension for PHP files is ".php".


sample code –
Example 1 to print Hello World using PHP
• <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1>My first PHP page</h1>

<?php
echo "Hello World!";
?>

</body>
</html>
sample code –
Example 2 variable declaration
<html>
<body>
Out Put
<?php
$txt = "Hello world!"; "Hello world!"
$x = 5; 5
10.5
$y = 10.5;

echo $txt;
echo "<br>";
echo $x;
echo "<br>";
echo $y;
?>

</body>
</html>
PHP Variables
• Rules for PHP variables:

• A variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable

• A variable name must start with a letter or the underscore character

• A variable name cannot start with a number

• A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and

underscores (A-z, 0-9, and _ )

• Variable names are case-sensitive ($age and $AGE are two different

variables)
sample code –
Example 3- To output text and a variable

• <html>
• <html>
<body>
<body>
<?php
<?php
$txt = "W3Schools.com";
$txt = "W3Schools.com";
echo "I love " . $txt . ;
echo "I love $txt";
?>
?>
</body>
</body>
</html>
</html>
Program for addition oftwo numbers

• <body>

• <?php

• $n1=5;

• $n2=6;

• $sum=$n1+$n2;

• Echo “Summation is”.$sum;

• ?>

• </body>
PHP Variables Scope
• In PHP, variables can be declared anywhere in the script.

• The scope of a variable is the part of the script where the variable
can be referenced/used.

• PHP has three different variable scopes:


• local

• global

• static
PHP Variables Scope-
Global and Local Scope
Example Out put
<?php • Variable x inside function is:
$x = 5; // global scope
• Variable x outside function is: 5
function myTest() {
echo "Variable x inside function is: $x";
}

myTest();

echo "Variable x outside function is: $x”;


?>

A variable declared outside a function has a GLOBAL SCOPE and can only
be accessed outside a function:
PHP Variables Scope-
Global and Local Scope
Example Out put
<?php • Variable x inside function is: 5
function myTest() • Variable x outside function is:
{
$x = 5; // local scope
echo "Variable x inside function is: $x";
}

myTest();
echo "Variable x outside function is: $x";
?>

A variable declared within a function has a LOCAL SCOPE and can only be
accessed within that function:
PHP Variables Scope-
The global Keyword
Example Out put
<?php 15
$x = 5;
$y = 10;

function myTest() {
global $x, $y;
$y = $x + $y;
}

myTest(); // run function


echo $y; // output the new value for variable $y
?>
The global keyword is used to access a global variable from within a
function
PHP Comparison Operators
Operator Name Example Result
== Equal $x == $y Returns true if $x is equal to $y
Returns true if $x is equal to $y, and they are
=== Identical $x === $y
of the same type

!= <> Not equal $x != $y Returns true if $x is not equal to $y


Greater
> $x > $y Returns true if $x is greater than $y
than

< Less than $x < $y Returns true if $x is less than $y


Greater
Returns true if $x is greater than or equal to
>= than or $x >= $y
$y
equal to

Less than
<= $x <= $y Returns true if $x is less than or equal to $y
or equal to
Outline

Introduction to PHP,
Features,

sample code,

PHP script working,

PHP syntax,

conditions & Loops,

Functions,

String manipulation,

Arrays & Functions,

Form handling,

Cookies & Sessions,

using MySQL with PHP,


Conditions and Loops

• If else
Conditional • Elseif ladder
Statements • Switch case

• While
Loop • Do while
Statements • For
• Foreach
If…else
Syntax Example

• If(condition) • <body>
• statements; • <?php
• else • $n=5;
• statements; • If($n%2 == 0)
• Echo “Number is Even”;
• Else
• Echo “Number is Odd”;
• ?>
• <body>
Elseif
Syntax Example

• If(condition) • <body>
• <?php
• statements; • $day=date(“l”);
• Elseif(condition) • If($day == “Saturday”))
• statements; • Echo “Happy Weekend”;
• Elseif($day == “Sunday”))
• Else
• Echo “Happy Sunday”;
• statements; • Else
• Echo “Nice Working day”;
• ?>
• <body>
Example
Switch case
• <?php
Syntax $favcolor = "red";
switch ($favcolor) {
• Switch(expression) case "red":
• { echo "Your favorite color is red!";
• Case constant_expression: break;
• statements;
• break;
• case "blue":
echo "Your favorite color is blue!";
• Default: break;
• statements;
default:
• }
• echo "Your favorite color is neither
red, blue!";
}
?>
While Loop
Syntax Example

• while (condition is true) { • <?php


• code to be executed; $x = 1;
• }
while($x <= 5) {
echo "The number is: $x <br>";
$x++;
}
?>
Do-While Loop
Syntax Example

• do { • <?php
code to be executed; $x = 1;
} while (condition is true); do {
echo "The number is: $x <br>";
$x++;
} while ($x <= 5);
?>
For Loop
Syntax Example

• for (init counter; test counter; • <?php


increment counter) for ($x = 0; $x <= 10; $x++)
• { {
code to be executed; echo "The number is: $x <br>";
} }
?>
Foreach Loop
Syntax Example

• foreach ($array as $value) { • <?php


code to be executed; $colors = array("red", "green", "blue");
} foreach ($colors as $value)

{
echo "$value <br>";
}
?>
Outline

Introduction to PHP,
Features,

sample code,

PHP script working,

PHP syntax,

conditions & Loops,

Functions,

String manipulation,

Arrays & Functions,

Form handling,

Cookies & Sessions,

using MySQL with PHP,


User Defined Functions
Syntax Example

• function functionName() • <body>


{
code to be executed; <?php
} function writeMsg() {
echo "Hello world!";
}

writeMsg();
?>

</body>
Parameterized Functions
Example Output

• <html> • Sum is 30
• <body>
• <?php
function Add($a,$b) {
$sum=$a+$b;
echo “Sum is $sum";
}

Add(10,20);
?>
• </body>
• </html>
Returning value through function
Example Output

• <html> • Sum is 30
• <body>
• <?php
function Add($a,$b) {
$sum=$a+$b;
return $sum;
}
$Result=Add(10,20);
echo “Sum is $Result";
?>
• </body>
• </html>
Setting default valuesfor function
parameter

Example Output
<html>
<body> • Sum is 310
<?php • Sum is 30
function Add($a,$b=300)
{
$sum=$a+$b;
echo “Sum is $sum";
}

Add(10);
Add(10,20);
?>
</body>
</html>
Dynamic Function Calls

Example Output
<<html>
Hello How R U?
<body>
<?php
function Hello() {
echo "Hello How R U?";
}
$fh = "Hello";
$fh();
?>
</body>
</html>
Outline

Introduction to PHP,
Features,

sample code,

PHP script working,

PHP syntax,

conditions & Loops,

Functions,

String manipulation,

Arrays & Functions,

Form handling,

Cookies & Sessions,

using MySQL with PHP,


String Manipulation
String Description Example
Manipulation
Function
strlen() returns the length of a <?php
string echo strlen("Hello world!"); ?>
// outputs 12
str_word_count() counts the number of <?php
words echo str_word_count("Hello world!"); ?>
// outputs 2
strrev() reverses a string <?php
echo strrev("Hello world!"); ?>
// outputs !dlrow olleH
strpos() searches for a specific <?php
text within a string. echo strpos("Hello world!", "world"); ?>
// outputs 6
str_replace() replaces some <?php
characters with some echo str_replace(“Ram", “Holly", "Hello Ram");
other characters in a ?>
string. // outputs Hello Holly!
Outline

Introduction to PHP,

Features,

sample code,
PHP script working,

PHP syntax,

conditions & Loops,

Functions,

String manipulation,

Arrays & Functions,

Form handling,

Cookies & Sessions,

using MySQL with PHP,


Arrays

• Create an Array in PHP

• In PHP, the array() function is used to create an array:


• array();

• In PHP, there are three types of arrays:


1. Indexed arrays - Arrays with a numeric index
2. Associative arrays - Arrays with named keys
3. Multidimensional arrays - Arrays containing one or more
arrays
Arrays- Indexed Arrays
• There are two ways to create indexed arrays:

1. The index can be assigned automatically as below :


• $cars = array("Volvo", "BMW", "Toyota");

2. The index can be assigned manually:


• $cars[0] = "Volvo";
$cars[1] = "BMW";
$cars[2] = "Toyota";
Arrays- Indexed Arrays

• To create and print array


• Example-
• <?php
$cars = array("Volvo", "BMW", "Toyota");
echo "I like " . $cars[0] . ", " . $cars[1] . " and " . $cars[2] . ".";
?>

• Get The Length of an Array - The count() Function


• Example
• <?php
$cars = array("Volvo", "BMW", "Toyota");
echo count($cars);
?>
Arrays- Indexed Arrays
• Loop Through an Indexed Array

• Example

• <?php
$cars = array("Volvo", "BMW", "Toyota");
$arrlength = count($cars);

for($x = 0; $x < $arrlength; $x++) {


echo $cars[$x];
echo "<br>";
}
?>
Arrays- Associative Arrays
• Associative arrays are arrays that use named keys that you
assign to them.

• There are two ways to create an associative array:

1. $age = array("Peter"=>"35", "Ben"=>"37", "Joe"=>"43");

2. $age['Peter'] = "35";
$age['Ben'] = "37";
$age['Joe'] = "43";
Arrays- Associative Arrays
• Example
• <?php
$age = array("Peter"=>"35", "Ben"=>"37", "Joe"=>"43");
echo "Peter is " . $age['Peter'] . " years old.";
?>

• Loop Through an Associative Array


• Example
• <?php
$age = array("Peter"=>"35", "Ben"=>"37", "Joe"=>"43");
foreach($age as $x => $x_value) {
echo "Key=" . $x . "Value=" . $x_value;
echo "<br>";
}
?>
Arrays- Multidimensional Arrays
• PHP understands multidimensional arrays that are two, three, four, five, or
more levels deep.

• PHP - Two-dimensional Arrays


• A two-dimensional array is an array of arrays
• First, take a look at the following table:

Name Stock Sold


Volvo 22 18
BMW 15 13

• Example
• $cars = array
(
array("Volvo",22,18),
array("BMW",15,13),
);
Functions on Array

• print_r() –Prints all elements of an array in standard format


• extract()-Converts array into variables
• compact()-Converts group of variables into array
• is_array() –to check weather a particular elements is an array or
not.
• sort() - sort arrays in ascending order
• rsort() - sort arrays in descending order,
• asort()-sorts associative arrays in ascending order, on values
• ksort()-sorts associative arrays in ascending order,on keys
• arsort()- sorts associative arrays in descending order,on values
• krsort()-sorts associative arrays in descending order,on keys
Functions on Array: print_r()

Example Out Put

Array
<?php
$a = (
array ('a' => 'apple', 'b' => 'banana‘) [a] => apple
print_r ($a); [b] => banana
?> )
Functions on Array:extract()

Example Out Put


<?php
$my_array = array(“Rno" => “1", 1
“ Name" => “Anna", Anna
“Class" => “TE Comp"); TE Comp

extract($my_array);

echo $Rno;
echo $Name;
echo $Class;
?>
Functions on Array:compact()

Example Out Put


<?php Array
$firstname = "Peter";
(
$lastname = "Griffin";
[firstname] => Peter
$age = "41";
[lastname] => Griffin
[age] => 41
$result = compact("firstname",
"lastname", "age"); )

print_r($result);
?>
Functions on Array:sort()

Example
<?php
$numbers = array(4, 6, 2, 22, 11);

sort($numbers); //sort in ascending order


print_r ($numbers); //sort in ascending order

rsort($numbers);
print_r ($numbers);

?>
Outline

Introduction to PHP,

Features,

sample code,
PHP script working,

PHP syntax,

conditions & Loops,

Functions,

String manipulation,

Arrays & Functions,

Form handling,

Cookies & Sessions,

using MySQL with PHP,


FORM HANDING IN PHP
What is Form?
When you login into a website or into your mail box, you are interacting with a
form.

Forms are used to get input from the user and submit it to the web server for
processing.

The diagram below illustrates the form handling process.


FORM HANDING IN PHP
When and why we are using forms?
Forms come in handy when developing flexible and dynamic applications that
accept user input.
Forms can be used to edit already existing data from the database

Create a form
We will use HTML tags to create a form. Below is the minimal list of things
you need to create a form.
Opening and closing form tags <form>…</form>
Form submission type POST or GET
Submission URL that will process the submitted data
Input fields such as input boxes, text areas, buttons,checkboxes etc.
FORM HANDING IN PHP
PHP POST method
This is the built in PHP super global array variable that is used to get values
submitted via HTTP POST method.
The array variable can be accessed from any script in the program; it has a
global scope.
This method is ideal when you do not want to display the form post values in
the URL.
A good example of using post method is when submitting login details to the
server.

HERE,
It has the following syntax.
<?php “$_POST[…]” is the PHP array
$_POST['variable_name']; “'variable_name'” is the URL variable

?> name.
FORM HANDING IN PHP
PHP GET method
This is the built in PHP super global array variable that is used to get values
submitted via HTTP GET method.
The array variable can be accessed from any script in the program; it has a
global scope.
This method displays the form values in the URL.
It’s ideal for search engine forms as it allows the users to book mark the
results.
It has the following syntax. HERE,

“$_GET[…]” is the PHP array


<?php
“'variable_name'” is the URL variable
$_GET['variable_name'];
name.
?>
POST VS GET IN PHP
POST GET
Values not visible in the URL Values visible in the URL
Has not limitation of the length of the values since Has limitation on the length of the values usually
they are submitted via the body of HTTP 255 characters. This is because the values are
displayed in the URL. Note the upper limit of the
characters is dependent on the browser.

Has lower performance compared to Php_GET Has high performance compared to POST method
method due to time spent encapsulation the dues to the simple nature of appending the values
Php_POST values in the HTTP body in the URL.

Supports many different data types such as string, Supports only string data types because the values
numeric, binary etc. are displayed in the URL
Results cannot be book marked Results can be book marked due to the visibility of
the values in the URL
POST VS GET IN PHP
Form Handling- using Post Method
a.html Welcome.php

<html> <html>
<body> <body>
<form action="welcome.php"
method="post"> Welcome
Name: <?php
<input type="text" name="name"> echo $_POST["name"];
<br> ?>
<input type="submit">
</form> </body>
</body> </html>
</html>
Form Handling- using Get Method

a.html Welcome.php

<html> <html>
<body> <body>
<form action="welcome.php"
method=“get"> Welcome
Name: <?php
<input type="text" name="name"> echo $_GET["name"];
<br> ?>
<input type="submit">
</form> </body>
</body> </html>
</html>
Form Handling-
Difference between get and post method
• $_GET is an array of variables passed to the current script via the
URL parameters.
• $_POST is an array of variables passed to the current script via the
HTTP POST method.

• When to use GET?


• Information sent from a form with the GET method is visible to
everyone. GET also has limits on the amount of information to send.
The limitation is about 2000 characters.

• When to use POST?


• Information sent from a form with the POST method is invisible to
others and has no limits on the amount of information to send.
• However, because the variables are not displayed in the URL, it is
not possible to bookmark the page.
Outline

Introduction to PHP,
Features,

sample code,

PHP script working,

PHP syntax,

conditions & Loops,

Functions,

String manipulation,

Arrays & Functions,

Form handling,

Cookies & Sessions,

using MySQL with PHP,


Cookie
• What is a Cookie?
• A cookie is often used to identify a user. A cookie is a small file that the
server embeds on the user's computer. Each time the same computer requests
a page with a browser, it will send the cookie too. With PHP, you can both
create and retrieve cookie values.

• Create Cookies With PHP- is created with the setcookie() function.

• Syntax
• setcookie(name, value, expire, path, domain, secure, httponly);

• Only the name parameter is required. All other parameters are


optional.
Cookie-Create/Retrieve a Cookie
<?php
setcookie(“name”, “Amit”, time() + (86400 * 30), "/"); // 86400 = 1 day
?>
<html>
<body>
<?php
if(isset($_COOKIE[“name”]))
{
$nm=$_COOKIE[“name”];
echo “Hello”,$nm;
}
else { echo “Coocke is not set”; }
?>
</body>
</html>
Cookie-Modifying a Cookie

• To modify a cookie, just set (again) the cookie using the


setcookie() function:
Cookie- Deleting Cookies

<?php
// set the expiration date to one hour ago
setcookie("user", "", time() - 3600);
?>
<html>
<body>

<?php
echo "Cookie 'user' is deleted.";
?>

</body>
</html>
Sessions
• A session is a way to store information (in variables) to be used
across multiple pages.
• Unlike a cookie, the information is not stored on the users computer.

• What is a PHP Session?


• When you work with an application, you open it, do some changes, and then
you close it. This is much like a Session. The computer knows who you are.
It knows when you start the application and when you end. But on the
internet there is one problem: the web server does not know who you are or
what you do, because the HTTP address doesn't maintain state.

• Session variables solve this problem by storing user information to be used


across multiple pages (e.g. username, favorite color, etc). By default, session
variables last until the user closes the browser.
• So; Session variables hold information about one single user, and are available
to all pages in one application.
Sessions- Start a Session

• A session is started with the session_start() function.


• Session variables are set with the PHP global variable: $_SESSION.
• Example - demo_session1.php
<?php
session_start(); // Start the session ?>
<html>
<body>
<?php
$_SESSION["favcolor"] = "green"; // Set session variable
echo "Session variables are set."; ?>
</body>
</html>
Sessions: Get Session Variable Values

• Next, we create another page called "demo_session2.php". From this


page, we will access the session information we set on the first page
("demo_session1.php").
• session variable values are stored in the global $_SESSION variable
• Example- demo_session2.php
<?php
session_start(); ?>
<html>
<body>
<?php
// Echo session variables that were set on previous page
echo "Favorite color is " . $_SESSION["favcolor"];
?>
</body>
</html>
Sessions- Modify a Session

• To change a session variable, just overwrite it:

<?php
session_start(); ?>
<html>
<body>
<?php
// to change a session variable, just overwrite it
$_SESSION["favcolor"] = "yellow";
print_r($_SESSION);
?>
</body>
</html>
Sessions: Destroy a Session
• To remove all global session variables and destroy the session, use
session_unset() and session_destroy():
• Example-
<?php
session_start(); ?>

<html>
<body>

<?php
session_unset(); // remove all session variables
session_destroy(); // destroy the session
?>

</body>
</html>
Outline

Introduction to PHP,
Features,

sample code,

PHP script working,

PHP syntax,

conditions & Loops,

Functions,
String manipulation,

Arrays & Functions,

Form handling,

Cookies & Sessions,

Using MySQL with PHP,


Open a Connection toMySQL

<?php
// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli(“localhost”, “root”, “”);
//MySQLi extension (the "i" stands for improved)

// Check connection
if(!$conn){
die('Could not connect: '.mysqli_connect_error());
}
echo 'Connected successfully<br/>';
?>
Select Data From a MySQL Database
<?php
$conn = mysqli_connect(‘localhost’, ‘root’, ‘root’, ‘db1’);
if(!$conn){
die(mysqli_connect_error());
}
echo 'Connected successfully<br>';

$sql = 'SELECT * FROM STUD';


$rs=mysqli_query($conn, $sql);
$nrows= mysqli_num_rows($rs);
Select Data From a MySQL Database
if($nrows > 0){
while($row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($rs)){
echo "ID :{$row['id']} <br>";
echo "FNAME : {$row['firstname']} <br>";
echo "LNAME : {$row['lastname']} <br>";
echo "--------------------------------<br>";
}
}
else { echo “ No result"; }
mysqli_close($conn);
?>
Outline

PHP
WAP & WML,

AJAX
WAP & WML
WAP- Introduction
WAP stands for Wireless Application Protocol

WAP is an application communication protocol

WAP is used to access services and information

WAP is for handheld devices such as mobile phones

WAP is a protocol designed for micro browsers

WAP enables the creating of web applications for mobile devices.

WAP uses the mark-up language WML


WAP -Introduction
The basic aim of WAP is to provide a
web-like experience on small portable
devices - like mobile phones and PDAs
WAP -Introduction
• Purpose of WAP
To enable easy, fast delivery of relevant information and
services to mobile users.
• Type of devices that use WAP
Handheld digital wireless devices such as mobile phones,
pagers, two-way radios, smart phones and communicators --
from low-end to high-end.
• Type of OS that use WAP
It can be built on any operating system including Palm OS,
EPOC 32, Windows CE, FLEXOS, OS/9, Java O
Components of WAPArchitecture

Application Layer (WAE)


Other Services
And Applications
Session Layer (WSP)

Transaction Layer (WTP)

Security Layer (WTLS)

Transport Layer (WDP)

Bearers :
GSM CDMA PHS IS-136 CDPD PDC-P FLEX Etc…
Wireless Application Environment (WAE) -
components

Addressing WML- similar WML script – WTA(Wireless


model –uses feature like For user I/P Telephony
URL & URI HTML validation Application)
Wireless Markup Language (WML)

• WML is the markup language defined in the WAP specification. WAP


sites are written in WML, while web sites are written in HTML.
WML is very similar to HTML. Both of them use tags and are
written in plain text format.

• WML (Wireless Markup Language), formerly called HDML


(Handheld Devices Markup Languages), is a language that allows
the text portions of Web pages to be presented on cellular telephones
and personal digital assistants (PDAs) via wireless access.
Wireless Markup Language

WML follows a deck and card.

• A WML document is made up of multiple cards.


• Cards can be grouped together into a deck.

A WML deck is similar to an HTML page.

• A user navigates with the WML browser through a


series of WML cards.
WML Elements
<p> </p> text

<a href=...> </a> hyperlink (anchor)

<do> </do> action

<go href=.../> goto wml page

<timer> trigger event (units = tenths of a second)

<input/> input user text

<prev/> return to previous page

$(…) value of variable

<img src=… /> display image

<postfield name=… value=…/> set variable

<select > <option> <option> </select> select box


WML Structure

< ? xml version=“1.0” ? >


<!DOCTYPE wml …>
<wml>
<card>
<p>
Text….
</p>
<p>
Text……
</p>
</card>
<card>
...
</card>
</wml>
WML Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<wml>
<card id="one" title="First Card">
<p>
This is the first card in the deck
</p>
</card>
<card id="two" title="Second Card">
<p>
Ths is the second card in the deck
</p>
</card>
</wml>
WML Scripts

• WMLScript (Wireless Markup Language Script) is the client-


side scripting language of WML (Wireless Markup Language).
• A scripting language is similar to a programming language,
but is of lighter weight.
• With WMLScript, the wireless device can do some of the
processing and computation.
• This reduces the number of requests and responses to/from
the server.
WAP Applications

• Banking:
• Finance:
• Shopping:
• Ticketing:
• Entertainment:
• Weather:
• E- Messaging:
Outline

PHP
WAP & WML,

AJAX
AJAX
AJAX
• What is AJAX?

• AJAX = Asynchronous JavaScript And XML.

• AJAX is not a programming language.

• AJAX just uses a combination of:

• A browser built-in XMLHttpRequest object (to request data from a


web server)

• JavaScript and HTML DOM (to display or use the data)


AJAX - Technologies
• AJAX cannot work independently. It is used in combination
with other technologies to create interactive webpages.

• JavaScript
• Loosely typed scripting language.
• JavaScript function is called when an event occurs in a page.
• Glue for the whole AJAX operation.

• DOM
• API for accessing and manipulating structured documents.
• Represents the structure of XML and HTML documents.

• CSS
• Allows for a clear separation of the presentation style from the
content and may be changed programmatically by JavaScript

• XMLHttpRequest
• JavaScript object that performs asynchronous interaction with the server.
AJAX – Real TimeExamples
• Here is a list of some famous web applications that make use
of AJAX.
1. Google Maps
• A user can drag an entire map by using the mouse, rather than clicking on
a button.

2. Google Suggest
• As you type, Google offers suggestions. Use the arrow keys to navigate
the results.

3. Gmail
• Gmail is a webmail built on the idea that emails can be more
intuitive, efficient, and useful.

4. Yahoo Maps (new)


• Now it's even easier and more fun to get where you're going!
How AJAX Works
AJAX Processing Steps
• Steps of AJAX Operation
• A client event occurs.

• An XMLHttpRequest object is created.

• The XMLHttpRequest object is configured.

• The XMLHttpRequest object makes an asynchronous request to


the Webserver.

• The Webserver returns the result containing XML document.

• The XMLHttpRequest object calls the callback() function and processes


the result.

• The HTML DOM is updated.


AJAX Example – table.html

<html> function getInfo(){


if (request.readyState==4) {
<head>
var val=request.responseText;
<script> document.getElementById('amit').innerHTM
var request; L=val;
}
}
function sendInfo() { </script>
var </head>

v=document.f1.t1.value;
<body>
var <h1>This is an example of ajax</h1>
url="index.jsp?val="+v; <form name=“f1">
<input type="text" name="t1">
<input type="button" value="ShowTable"
if(window.XMLHttpRequest){ onClick="sendInfo()">
</form>
request=new
<span id="amit"> </span>
XMLHttpRequest(); </body>
} </html>
AJAX Example- index.jsp

<%
int n=Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("val"));
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++)
out.print(i*n+"<br>");
%>
AXAX Example output
References

• https://www.w3schools.com/php/php_intro.asp
• https://www.w3schools.com/php/php_looping.asp
• https://www.w3schools.com/php/php_if_else.asp
• https://www.w3schools.com/php/php_string.asp
• https://www.w3schools.com/php/php_arrays.asp
• https://www.w3schools.com/php/php_arrays_multi.asp
• https://www.w3schools.com/php/php_forms.asp
• https://www.w3schools.com/php/func_array_extract.asp
• https://www.w3schools.com/php/func_array_compact.asp
• https://www.w3schools.com/php/func_array_in_array.asp
• https://www.w3schools.com/php/php_cookies.asp
• https://www.w3schools.com/php/php_sessions.asp
• https://www.tutorialspoint.com/wap/wap_wml_script.htm
• https://www.w3schools.com/xml/ajax_intro.asp
• https://www.tutorialspoint.com/ajax/ajax_examples.htm
Thank You
[email protected]
Blog : anandgharu.wordpress.com

Prof. Gharu Anand N. 98 98

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