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Basics of Python

Basics of python

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alapati.manikanta6
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13 views

Basics of Python

Basics of python

Uploaded by

alapati.manikanta6
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python is a popular, beginner-friendly programming language known for its readability and

simplicity. Here’s an overview of some Python basics to get you started:

1. Hello, World!

 The classic first program. In Python, you can print text to the console with the
print() function:

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print("Hello, World!")

2. Variables and Data Types

 In Python, you don’t need to declare the data type of a variable. You can assign values
directly.

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name = "Alice" # String
age = 25 # Integer
height = 5.8 # Float
is_student = True # Boolean

3. Basic Data Types

 Integers (int): Whole numbers, e.g., 10


 Floats (float): Decimal numbers, e.g., 10.5
 Strings (str): Text, e.g., "Hello"
 Booleans (bool): True/False values, e.g., True or False

4. Operators

 Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, // (integer division), % (modulus), ** (power)


 Comparison: ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=
 Logical: and, or, not

5. Lists and Dictionaries

 List: An ordered, mutable collection.

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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
fruits.append("orange") # Adds "orange" to the list

 Dictionary: A collection of key-value pairs.


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student = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25, "is_student": True}
print(student["name"]) # Output: Alice

6. Conditionals

 Conditional statements allow you to execute code based on conditions.

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if age >= 18:
print("You are an adult.")
elif age > 13:
print("You are a teenager.")
else:
print("You are a child.")

7. Loops

 For Loop: Used to iterate over sequences (like lists or strings).

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for fruit in fruits:
print(fruit)

 While Loop: Repeats as long as a condition is true.

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count = 0
while count < 5:
print(count)
count += 1

8. Functions

 Functions allow you to create reusable blocks of code.

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def greet(name):
return f"Hello, {name}!"

print(greet("Alice")) # Output: Hello, Alice!

9. Classes and Objects

 Python is an object-oriented language, so you can create your own data types
(classes).

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class Person:
def __init__(self, name, age):
self.name = name
self.age = age

def introduce(self):
return f"My name is {self.name} and I am {self.age} years
old."

alice = Person("Alice", 25)


print(alice.introduce()) # Output: My name is Alice and I am 25
years old.

10. Importing Modules

 Python has many built-in modules that you can import, such as math for mathematical
functions.

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import math
print(math.sqrt(16)) # Output: 4.0

These are the core fundamentals of Python, and mastering these will give you a solid
foundation. From here, you can start working on small projects to practice your skills. Let me
know if you want more details on any specific topic!

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