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Databases

Databases

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7 views

Databases

Databases

Uploaded by

komalkushwaha1603
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is Data?

In simple words, data can be facts related to any object in consideration. For example, your name,
age, height, weight, etc. are some data related to you. A picture, image, file, pdf, etc. can also be
considered data.

What is Database?
A database is a systematic collection of data. They support electronic storage and manipulation of
data. Databases make data management easy.

Let us discuss a database example: An online telephone directory uses a database to store data of
people, phone numbers, and other contact details. Your electricity service provider uses a database
to manage billing, client-related issues, handle fault data, etc.

Let us also consider Facebook. It needs to store, manipulate, and present data related to members,
their friends, member activities, messages, advertisements, and a lot more. We can provide a
countless number of examples for the usage of databases.

Types of Databases
Here are some popular types of databases.

Distributed databases:
A distributed database is a type of database that has contributions from the common database and
information captured by local computers. In this type of database system, the data is not in one
place and is distributed at various organizations.

Relational databases:
This type of database defines database relationships in the form of tables. It is also called Relational
DBMS, which is the most popular DBMS type in the market. Database example of the RDBMS
system include MySQL, Oracle, and Microsoft SQL Server database.

Object-oriented databases:
This type of computers database supports the storage of all data types. The data is stored in the
form of objects. The objects to be held in the database have attributes and methods that define what
to do with the data. PostgreSQL is an example of an object-oriented relational DBMS.

Centralized database:
It is a centralized location, and users from different backgrounds can access this data. This type of
computers databases store application procedures that help users access the data even from a
remote location.

Open-source databases:
This kind of database stored information related to operations. It is mainly used in the field of
marketing, employee relations, customer service, of databases.

Cloud databases:
A cloud database is a database which is optimized or built for such a virtualized environment.
There are so many advantages of a cloud database, some of which can pay for storage capacity and
bandwidth. It also offers scalability on-demand, along with high availability.

Data warehouses:
Data Warehouse is to facilitate a single version of truth for a company for decision making and
forecasting. A Data warehouse is an information system that contains historical and commutative
data from single or multiple sources. Data Warehouse concept simplifies the reporting and analysis
process of the organization.

NoSQL databases:
NoSQL database is used for large sets of distributed data. There are a few big data performance
problems that are effectively handled by relational databases. This type of computers database is
very efficient in analyzing large-size unstructured data.

Database Components

Database Components
There are five main components of a database:

Hardware:
The hardware consists of physical, electronic devices like computers, I/O devices, storage devices,
etc. This offers the interface between computers and real-world systems.

Software:
This is a set of programs used to manage and control the overall database. This includes the
database software itself, the Operating System, the network software used to share the data among
users, and the application programs for accessing data in the database.

Data:
Data is a raw and unorganized fact that is required to be processed to make it meaningful. Data can
be simple at the same time unorganized unless it is organized. Generally, data comprises facts,
observations, perceptions, numbers, characters, symbols, images, etc.

Procedure:
Procedure are a set of instructions and rules that help you to use the DBMS. It is designing and
running the database using documented methods, which allows you to guide the users who operate
and manage it.

Database Access Language:


Database Access language is used to access the data to and from the database, enter new data,
update already existing data, or retrieve required data from DBMS. The user writes some specific
commands in a database access language and submits these to the database.

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