Js notes.docx
Js notes.docx
3. Object:
A collection of related data (properties) and functions (methods). For example:
4. Array of Objects:
A list of objects stored in an array. For example:
5. Event:
An action or occurrence detected by JavaScript, such as a mouse click, key press, or page load.
6. Event Handler:
A function that runs in response to an event. Example:
7. Button Element:
An HTML element (<button>) used to create clickable buttons on a webpage.
8. Text Element:
An input field (<input type="text">) that allows users to enter text.
9. Password Element:
An input field (<input type="password">) where users can enter passwords. The characters are
hidden.
A function is a reusable block of code that performs a specific task. Functions are executed when
called.
• Built-in Functions:
Predefined functions provided by JavaScript, like alert(), parseInt(), and
Math.random().
Example:
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console.log("Hello, World!");
• User-defined Functions:
Functions created by the programmer to perform specific tasks.
Example:
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function greet(name) {
console.log("Hello, " + name);
}
greet("Alice");
2. Local Variable:
A variable declared inside a function or block. It is accessible only within that function or block.
Example:
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function sayHi() {
let message = "Hi!";
console.log(message); // Accessible here
}
// console.log(message); // Error: message is not defined
3. Global Variable:
A variable declared outside any function or block. It is accessible throughout the entire program.
Example:
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let globalVar = "I am global";
function display() {
console.log(globalVar); // Accessible here
}
display();
4. Dialog Boxes:
Pop-up windows used to interact with the user. JavaScript provides three types.
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alert("This is an alert box!");
Displays a message asking for user input. It has an input field and OK/Cancel buttons.
Example:
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let name = prompt("Enter your name:");
console.log("Hello, " + name);
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let isSure = confirm("Are you sure?");
console.log(isSure); // true if OK is clicked, false otherwise
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let num = 123;
let str = String(num);
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let str = "456";
let num = Number(str);
• Boolean Conversion: Converts data to true or false.
Example:
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let isTrue = Boolean(1); // true
9. Arrays:
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let fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"];
• Add/Remove Elements:
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let fruits = ["Apple", "Banana"];
fruits.push("Cherry"); // Adds at the end
fruits.pop(); // Removes the last element
fruits.unshift("Mango"); // Adds at the beginning
fruits.shift(); // Removes the first element
• Access Elements:
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console.log(fruits[0]); // Accesses the first element
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fruits.forEach(fruit => console.log(fruit));
• Sort:
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fruits.sort(); // Sorts alphabetically