All Numerical Data in Class 12th Biology

NCERT–II–DATA

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering plants

Diameter of pollen grain 25–50 micrometer
60% angiosperm pollengrain shed 2 celled stage
Pollen grain of wheat, rice loose viability within 30 min
Liquid Nitrogen used for pollen storage –1900C
Sugar solution for pollen tube growth 10%
Tallest flower of amorphophallus 6 feet of height
Moisture by mass in mature seed 10–15%
Viability of seed lupins arcticus 10,000 year
Viability of seed phoenix dacylitera 2000 year

Human Reproduction
Testicular lobule in each seminiferous tubule 250
Mammary lobes in each breast 15–20
Sperm ejaculated per coitus 200–300 million
Size of testis 4-5 cm in length
Length of each ovary 2–4 cm
Length of each oviduct 10–12 cm
Sperm of normal shape & size 60%
Sperm of show vigorous motility 40%
Size of each fallopian tube 10–12 cm
Left primary follicles in each ovary at puberty 60,000–80,000
Menstrual phase duration 3–5 days
Menopause 50 year
Morula stage 8–16 blastomere
Average Menstruation is repeted 28/29 days

Reproductive Health
Family planing program 1951
World population in 1900 2 billion (2000 million)
World population in 2000 6 billion
India's popualtion at independent Approx 350 million
India's population reaches by May 2000 1 billion
Population growth rate (Acc. to 2011 census) Less than 2%
Popualtion growth rate (Acc. to 2001 census) 17/1000/year 1.7%
World's population in 2011 7.2 billion
Expected Ovulation 10–17th day
After parturation, effective period of lactational Amenorrhea 6 month
Period of oral pills 21 days
Emergency contraceptive used Within 72 hour
MTPs in world per year 45–50 Million (Nearly)
Safe MTP 12 weeks

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 All Numerical Data in Class 12th Biology
Principle of Inheritance & Variation

Mendel's experiment 1856 - 1863

Mendel Published his work 1865
Rediscovery of Mendel's Result 1900
Chromosome movement during meiosis worked out 1902
Life cycle of drosophila 2 weeks
Chromosome of klinefelters syndrome 47 (44 + XXY)
Chromosome in Turner's syndrome 45 (44 + XO)

Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Nucleotide in  × 174 bacteriophage 5386

bp in  bacteriophage lamda 48502
bp in E. coli 4.6 × 106
Haploid human DNA content 3.3 × 109
Friendrich Miescher discovered Nucleir 1869
Watson & Crick gave double helix model 1953
Pitch of helix 3.4 nm
Distance between a bp 0.34 nm
bp in nucleosome 200 bp
E. coli complete replication 20 min
Spud of replication in E.coli 2000 bp/sec
Adenylate residues (poly A tail) at 3' end of hnRNA 200–300
Different proteins in ribosome 80
Nucleotide base pair in human genome 3164.7 million
Bases in avg. gene 3000
bp in dystrophin 2.4 million
Genes estimated 3000
Nucleotide bases are exactly same in all people 99.9%
Genome code for protein Less than 2%
Gene in Chromosome I 2968
Gene in chromosome Y 231
Location where SNPs occur 1.4 million
Griffith experiment 1928
Melso meselson & Stahl's exp. 1958
HGP. Started 1990
HGP completed 2003
Chromosome I sequencing completed May 2006
Genes to be identified as goal 20000–25000
bp sequence to be determind as goal 3-billion
Size of VNTR 0.1 – 20 Kb or 100 – 20000 bp
Age of Universe 20 billion
Earth formed 4.5 billion
Life appeared on earth 4 billion year back

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1st non cellular forms of life originated 3 billion year back
1st cellular forms of life originated 2000 million year back
Invertebrate formed and active 500 mya
Jawless fish evolved 350 mya
Sea weeds & few plant custed 320 mya
Fish with stout and strong fins couldmove on land & go back water 350 mya
Coelocanth fish cought in S. Africa 1938
Reptiles evolve into fish like reptile (ichthyasours) 200 mya
Height of tyrannosaurs rex 20 ft
Dinosaurs disappeared 65 mya
Dryopithecus & ramapithecus axist 15 mya
Australopithecus in cast african grassland 2 mya
Man like primates of 4 ft, bipedal in E. Africa 3–4 mya
Homo habilis brain capacity 650–800 cc
Fossils of homo erectus discovered in Java 1891
Homo erectus brain capacity 900 cc
Neanderthal brain capacity 1400 cc
Neanderthal lived near east & central Area (40,000 years ago) 1 lac
Moder Homo sapiens arose 75000 – 10,000 years ago
Pre - historic cave art 18000 years ago
Agriculture & human settlement 10,000 year ago
Miller's experiment 1953
Temp in Experiment 8000 C
Acc. to conventional theory of special creation 4000 year ago
1st collection of moth in England (before industrialiation) 1850
2nd collection of moth in England (after industrialization) 1920

Human health and Disease

Fever in typhoid 380C – 400C
Period of common cold 3–7 days
Recurrence of fever in malaria 3–4 days
Lymphoid tissue in MALT About 50%
Incubation period of AIDS 5–10 year
AIDS first reported 1981
Person killed by AIDS in last 25 year More than 25 million

Biotechnology & It's Application

Recombinant the rapeutics for human used approve in world over About 30
Recombinant being marked in india 1983
Eli lily prepared two DNA sequence of insulin 1990
Trangenic animal are mice 95%
Transgenic cow rosie produced milk 1997
Proteins in milk of rosie 2.4 gm/l
Estimated varieties of rice in India 2 lac
Documented varieties of basmati rice in India 27

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Organism & Population
Salt conc. ( in ppt) in inland water Less than 5
SAtt conc. (in ppt) in sea water 30–35
Salt conc. (in ppt) in hypersaline lagoons More than 100
Species of invertebrates extinct in a year More than 10

Ecosystem
Annual NPP of whole biasphere Aprox 570 billion tonnes
Annual NPP of ocean 55 billion tonnes
Area of earch covered by ocean About 70%
PAR Less than 50%
Captured of PAR by plants 2–10%
Annual NPP of terristeal 115 billion tonnes

Biodiversity and Conservation

Species of ants nearly 20,000 species of orchids More than 20,000
Species of fishes 28,000
Different strains of rice More than 50,000
Mango varties 1000
Total species More than 1.5 million
By rober may global species diversity 20–50 about 7 million
All species are animal More than 70%
Species are plant 22%
India's land area 2.4%
India's share gloabl species diversity 8.1%
Plant species in india Nealry 45,000
Recorded species out of total species acc. to may 22%
Plant species yet to be discovered More than 1 lack
Animal species yet to be discovered More than 3 lack
Birds species in Colombia Nearly 1400
Latitude of newyork 410 N
Lattitude of Green land 710 N
Birds species in greenland 56
Bird species in India More than 1200
Plant species in Amazon More than 40,000
Amphibian & mammals species amazon each 427
Reptile & species amazon 378
Birds & species amazon 1300
More vascular plant in equator than temp. forest of USA 10 times
Insect species yet to be discovered in Amazon 2 million
Z range 0.1 – 0.2
Z range for very large area 0.6 – 1.2
Z value for trugivorous bires & Mammals 1.15
Species of native bird extinct in tropical pacific land More than 2000
Species extinct in last 500 year Acc. to IUCN red list 784

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Vertebrate specis extinct 338
Invertebrate species extinct 359
Plant species extinct 87
Species disappeared in last 20 year 27
Species are threatened world wide More than 15,500
Gymnosperm species threshold 31%
Ambhibians species threatened 32%
Birds species threatend 12%
Mammals species threatend 23%
Species of cicblid fish extinct More than 200
Drugs in market are derivation plants More than 25%
Plant species are used in radational medicine 25000
O2 is produced by Amazon forest 20%
Biodiversity Hotspots (25+9) new added 34
Area covered by biodiversity hotspot Less than 2%
Biodiversity hotspots could reduce mass extinction by almost 30%
Biosphere reserve 14
Wildlfie sancluaries 448
Biosphere reserve 14
Wildlife sancluaries 448
Natural park 90
The earth summit 1992
The world summit 2002
Species of Ant 20,000
Species of Orchid 20,000
Species of beetles 3 lac

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