Computer Networks Lab (20A05501P) III YEAR B.

Tech CSE Sec-B

EXP NO: 1
To Study different types of Network cables
Date:

AIM: To Study different types of Network cables (Copper and Fiber) and prepare cables
(Straight and Cross) to connect Two or more systems. Use crimping tool to connect jacks.
Use LAN tester to connect the cables.
Hardware
Requirement
RJ-45 onnector,
Crimping Tool
Twisted pair Cable
Software Requirement
Command Prompt and Packet Tracer.

Apparatus (Components): RJ-45 connector, Crimping Tool, Twisted pair Cable

Procedure: To do these practical following steps should be done:

1. Start by stripping off about 2 inches of the plastic jacket off the end of the cable. Be
very careful at this point, as to not nick or cut into the wires, which are inside. Doing so
could alter the characteristics of your cable, or even worse render is useless. Check the wires,
one more time for nicks or cuts. If there are any, just whack the whole end off, and start
over.

2. Spread the wires apart, but be sure to hold onto the base of the jacket with your other
hand. You do not want the wires to become untwisted down inside the jacket. Category 5
cable must only have 1/2 of an inch of 'untwisted' wire at the end; otherwise it will be 'out of
spec'. At this point, you obviously have ALOT more than 1/2 of an inch of un-twisted wire.

3. You have 2 end jacks, which must be installed on your cable. If you are using a pre-
made cable, with one of the ends whacked off, you only have one end to install - the crossed
over end. Below are two diagrams, which show how you need to arrange the cables for each
type of cable end. Decide at this point which end you are making and examine the associated
picture below.
Computer Networks Lab (20A05501P) III YEAR B.Tech CSE Sec-B

Diagram shows you how to prepare Cross wired connection

Diagram shows you how to prepare straight through wired connection

Output:

Cable Crimping steps:

1. Remove the outmost vinyl shield for 12mm at one end of the cable (we call this side A-side).
2. Arrange the metal wires in parallel
3. Insert the metal wires into RJ45 connector on keeping the metal wire arrangement.
Computer Networks Lab (20A05501P) III YEAR B.Tech CSE Sec-B

4. Set the RJ45 connector (with the cable) on the pliers, and squeeze it tightly.
5. Make the other side of the cable (we call this side B-side) in the same way.

6. After you made it, you don't need to take care of the direction of the cable.

IO connector crimping: Run the full length of Ethernet cable in place, from endpoint
to endpoint, making sure to leave excess.

At one end, cut the wire to length leaving enough length to work, but not
too much excess. Strip off about 2 inches of the Ethernet cable sheath.
Align each of the colored wires according to the layout of the jack. Use
the punch down tool to insert each wire into the jack. Repeat the above
steps for the second RJ45 jack.
Computer Networks Lab (20A05501P) III YEAR B.Tech CSE Sec-B

Testing the crimped cable using a cable tester:

Step 1 : Skin off the cable jacket 3.0 cm long cable

stripper up to cable Step 2: Untwist each pair and
straighten each wire 190 0 1.5 cm long.
Step 3 : Cut all the wires
Step 4 : Insert the wires into the RJ45 connector right
white orange left brown the pins facing up
Step 5 : Place the connector into a crimping tool, and
squeeze hard so that the handle reaches its full swing.
Step 6: Use a cable tester to test for proper continuity

Result:

Cable Crimping, Standard Cabling and Cross Cabling, IO connector crimping and
testing the crimped cable using a cable tester are done successfully
Computer Networks Lab (20A05501P) III YEAR B.Tech CSE Sec-B

EXP-1(b): To Install and configure Network Devices: HUB, Switch and Routers. Consider
both manageable and non-manageable switches. Do the logical configuration of the
system. Set the bandwidth of different ports.

To Study of following Network Devices in Detail

• Repeater
• Hub
• Switch
• Bridge
• Router
• Gate Way

Apparatus (Software): No software or hardware needed.

Procedure: Following should be done to understand this practical.

1. Repeater: Functioning at Physical Layer. A repeater is an electronic device that receives a

signal and retransmits it at a higher level and/or higher power, or onto the other side of an
obstruction, so that the signal can cover longer distances. Repeater have two ports ,so cannot be use
to connect for more than two devices

2. Hub: An Ethernet hub, active hub, network hub, repeater hub, hub or concentrator is a device
for connecting multiple twisted pair or fiber optic Ethernet devices together and making them act as
a single network segment. Hubs work at the physical layer (layer 1) of the OSI model. The device
is a form of multiport repeater. Repeater hubs also participate in collision detection, forwarding a
jam signal to all ports if it detects a collision.

3. Switch: A network switch or switching hub is a computer networking device that connects
network segments. The term commonly refers to a network bridge that processes and routes data at
the data link layer (layer 2) of the OSI model. Switches that additionally process data at the network
layer (layer 3 and above) are often referred to as Layer 3 switches or multilayer switches.

4. Bridge: A network bridge connects multiple network segments at the data link layer (Layer
2) of the OSI model. In Ethernet networks, the term bridge formally means a device that behaves
according to the IEEE 802.1 D standard. A bridge and switch are very much alike; a switch being a
bridge with numerous ports. Switch or Layer 2 switch is often used interchangeably with bridge.
Bridges can analyze incoming data packets to determine if the bridge is able to send the given packet
to another segment of the network.

5. Router: A router is an electronic device that interconnects two or more computer networks,
and selectively interchanges packets of data between them. Each data packet contains address
information that a router can use to determine if the source and destination are on the same network,
or if the data packet must be transferred from one network to another. Where multiple routers are
used in a large collection of interconnected networks, the routers exchange information about target
system addresses, so that each router can build up a table showing the preferred paths between any
two systems on the interconnected networks.

6. Gate Way: In a communications network, a network node equipped for interfacing with
another network that uses different protocols.
Computer Networks Lab (20A05501P) III YEAR B.Tech CSE Sec-B

• A gateway may contain devices such as protocol translators, impedance matching

devices, rate converters, fault isolators, or signal translators as necessary to provide
system interoperability. It also requires the establishment of mutually acceptable
administrative procedures between both networks.
• A protocol translation/mapping gateway interconnects networks with different
network protocol technologies by performing the required protocol conversions.

EXP 1(c):
Install and Configure Wired and Wireless NIC and transfer files between systems in Wired
LAN and Wireless LAN. Consider both adhoc and infrastructure mode of operation.

Objectives
Part 1: Identify and Work with PC NICs
Part 2: Identify and Use the System Tray Network Icons

Background / Scenario
This lab requires you to determine the availability and status of the network interface cards
(NICs) on the PC that you use. Windows provides a number of ways to view and work
with your NICs.

In this lab, you will access the NIC information of your PC and change the status of these
cards. Required Resources
1 PC (Windows 7 or 8 with two NICs, wired and wireless, and a wireless connection)

Part 1: Identify and Work with PC NICs

In Part 1, you will identify the NIC types in the PC that you are using. You will explore
different ways to extract information about these NICs and how to activate and deactivate
them.

Procedure:

(a) Install the network card:

Disconnect all cables connected to the computer and open the case. Locate an
available PCI slot (white slots) and insert the network card and secure the card with
the screw that came with it. Once the adapter has been installed and secured close the
computer case, connect all the cables and turn it on.

After installing the adapter driver it should be working find, now let’s configure the card
for use on a network.
Click on the Start button and select Settings then
Control Panel. Double click on the System icon
Click on the Hardware tab.
Computer Networks Lab (20A05501P) III YEAR B.Tech CSE Sec-B

Click on Device Manager.

You will see a list of devices installed in your computer.
If necessary, click on the + sign next to Network Adapters to expand the list.
Ensure that there is no yellow exclamation mark (!) next to the Network Adapter. This
indicates a possible problem with the card or configuration.
Double click on your network driver (e.g.
NE2000 Compatible). In the Device Status
box you should see the message:
This Device is working correctly.
If you do not see this message or if there is no Network Adapter displayed, then your
Ethernet card will probably need configuring.

Result:
Installation and configuration of Wired and Wireless (remotely) NIC and transfer
files between systems in LAN and Wireless LAN between two systems in a LAN
have been done successfully.