Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University

Faculty of Science & Technology

Fifth Semester B.Tech. (Computer Science & Engineering (AI & ML) (Computer Science &
Engineering) (Computer Science) (C.B.C.S.) Examination 2024
MACHINE LEARNING
P. Page: 3 PRS/KW/24/2695
Time-Three Hours [Maximum Marks-70]

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
(1) All questions carry marks as indicated.

(2) Solve Question No. 1 OR Question No. 2.

(3) Solve Question No. 3 OR Question No. 4.

(4) Solve Question No. 5 OR Question No. 6.

(5) Solve Question No. 7 OR Question No. 8.

(6) Solve Question No. 9 OR Question No. 10.

(7) Due credit will be given to neatness and adequate dimension.

(8) Assume suitable data whenever necessary.

Unit 1
1. What is machine learning and what are its three main types?
2. What is human learning? List and explain types of human learning. Explain types of data.
3. What do you mean by well posed learning problem? Give an example of a well posed
machine learning problem and explain how you would approach solving it.
4. Write short notes on: 1) supervised learning 2) unsupervised learning 3) reinforcement
learning 4) list the issues in machine learning.
5. How does supervised learning differ from unsupervised learning, and what is
reinforcement learning.
6. Compare and contrast numerical data and categorical data, and discuss the data issues
that may arise with each type. Provide possible remediation strategies for these issues.
7. What is classification? Explain the key differences between classification and regression?
8. Define machine learning? Explain various real time application of machine learning?
9. Explain data quality and remediation in machine learning?
10. What as data bias in the context of machine learning? Explain with help of suitable
example and elaborate how data bias can be overcome
11. Differentiate between supervised and unsupervised machine learning?
12. Explain machine learning life cycle. Different forms of data and its properties of data?
What are issues of using data in machine learning?

Unit 2
1. Explain the concept of regression in machine learning and give an example of a real-
world problem that can be solved using regression analysis.
2. What is the need of data preprocessing? Explain different techniques of data
preprocessing in detail.
3. Elaborate multiple linear regression? What is the need of multiple regression?
4. Explain feature subset selection in detail.
5. Explain dimensionality reductions and its different method in brief?
6. Suppose you have a dataset with 20 features. Using dimensionality reduction
techniques, how would you select the most important features for a regression
analysis? Justify your answer.
7. Compare and contrast multiple linear regression and polynomial regression models. In
what situations would you choose one model over the other?
8. Explain the basic data types in machine learning with examples?
9. Different between multiple regression and polynomial regression.
10. What is regression? Explain linear regression and simple linear regression with example?
11. What is polynomial regression? Explain the need of polynomial regression model.
12. Explain feature subsets selection approaches with diagram.

Unit 3
1. Describe naïve Bayes decision tree algorithm with appropriate example.
2. Discuss support vector machine in detail.
3. Write short notes on: 1) validation error in KNN algorithm. 2) choosing K value in the
KNN algorithm. 3) inductive bias in a decision tree.
4. Discuss content based and collaborative techniques.
5. Explain how association rules are used in apriori algorithm.
6. Suppose you have a dataset with 100 observations and 10 features. How would you use
k- nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm to classify a new observation? Explain your
approach.
7. Compare and contrast content based and collaborative recommendation systems. In
what situations would you choose one system over the other?
8. Describe the working of KNN algorithm also list its advantage and disadvantage.
9. Explain hyperplane and support vectors In SVM algorithm.
10. Explain Naïve Bayes Classifier Algorithm and solve the following problem using naïve
Bayes classifier using given weather conditions dataset.
Problem: If the weather is sunny, then the Player should play or not?

SR. NO. OUTLOOK PLAY

0 Rainy Yes
1 Sunny Yes
2 Overcast Yes
3 Overcast Yes
4 Sunny No
5 Rainy Yes
6 Sunny Yes

11. Write a detailed technical note on logistic regression with the help of a real world
application.

Unit 4
1. Explain the concept of clustering in machine learning. Give real world example that can
be solved using clustering analysis.
2. Discuss apriori algorithm for association rules learning with example.
3. Describe anomaly detection algorithm.
4. Compare and contrast hierarchical clustering and k- medoids clustering.
5. How k-medoids different from k-means algorithm explain.
6. Suppose you have a dataset with 2000 observations and 20 features. How would you
use K-means clustering algorithm to group the observations into different clusters?
Explain your approach.
7. Explain the steps of K-Means clustering algorithm in details with the help of diagram.
8. Describe Agglomerative Hierarchical clustering.
9. Explain Clustering and types of clustering in Machine learning.
10. Explain Clustering and types of clustering in Machine learning.
11. Different between k- means clustering and k-medoids clustering.
12. Explain the k – medoids its algorithm.

Unit 5

1. What is ensemble learning, and how does it differ from other machine learning
techniques?
2. Can you explain the concept of bagging in machine learning and how it helps improve
the accuracy of a model?
3. What is ensemble learning and how does it differ from other machine learning
techniques?
4. How bagging helps in improving accuracy of a model?
5. How can machine learning be used for image recognition, and what are some real-world
applications of this technology?
6. Compare and contrast the approaches of boosting and randomization in machine
learning and explain how they are used to improve the accuracy of predictive models.
7. Write a short note on: (a) Discuss randomization in detail.
(b) Describe online fraud detection
(c) Enlist applications of machine learning.
8. Write short notes on the following: a) Ensemble learning b) Bagging c) Boosting
d) Randomization.
9. Write short notes on the following:
a) Image recognition
b) Speech recognition
c) Email Spam and malware filtering
d) Online fraud detection
(e) virtual personal assistant.
10. different between bagging and boosting in the context of machine learning.