[Maa 4.1-4.3] Statistics - Basic Concepts_solutions
[Maa 4.1-4.3] Statistics - Basic Concepts_solutions
O. Practice questions
1.
Number of children in a family discrete
3. (a)
measures of central tendency measures of spread
mean 5 range 8–2=6
median 6 IQR 6.5 – 2.5 = 4
mode 6 standard deviation 2.0548… 2.05
4. Data in order: 2, 2, 3, 5, 6, 6, 6, 7, 8.
45
(a) x 45 , x
9
5
5. (a)
measures of central tendency measures of spread
mean 6.76 range 10 – 4 = 6
median 6 IQR 8.5 – 5 = 3.5
mode 6 standard deviation 1.84997… 1.85
1
550
6. x 4 10 5 30 6 60 550 , x
100
5.5
9.
stem leaf Key 16|1 represents 161
16 115679
17 33577
18 034
19 2557
3 16 + 8 28 + 13 26 + 18 14
11. (a) mean = = 10.3
84
2
A. Exam style questions (SHORT)
12.
13. By GDC
(a) (i) mean = 9.46,, median – 8.75
(b) σ2 = (4.267)2 = 18.2
(c) (i) the interquartile range is 13.45 – 5.7 = 7.75
(ii) Outlier:
values less than 5.7-(1.5)(7.75) = -5.925
values greater that 13.45 + (1.5)(7.75) = 25.075
Hence, there are no outliers.
15. d = 11; c = 11
d – a = 8 11 – a = 8 a 3
3 b 11 11
8
4
b=7
16. b = 3, c = 3
abcd
using mean 4 and range (d a = 6)
4
a = 2, d = 8
(b)
x 10 t = 18
12
19. (a) 3
(b) 6
(c) 25% scored greater than 6,
0.25 32 = 8
3
20. (a) 18
(b) (i) 10
(ii) 44
x 2230
22. (a) mean x 49.6
n 45
(b) y 2230 37 30
2297
y 48.9
47
300
23. (a) m= = 12
25
25
(b) x
i 1
i = 2510 = 250
x k 2 k k 1 k 4 4k 3
i 1
i
3
24. (a) x k
n 4 4 4
(b) Either attempting to find the new mean or subtracting 3 from x
4k 3 4k 9 9
x 3 ,k
4 4 4
28.
(b)
4
30. (a) Median = 4
5 18 48 72 100 42 285
(b) Mean = = = 3.8 (or directly mean = 3.8)
75 75
32.
x f f
4 2 2
5 5 7
6 4 11
7 3 14
8 4 18
10 2 20
12 1 21
(a) m=6
(b) Q1 = 5
(c) Q3 = 8, IQR = 8 – 5 = 3
144 4k
35. (a) 4.6 =
k 30
4.6k + 138 = 144 + 4k
0.6k = 6
k = 10
(b) Mode = 4
(10 1) (20 2) (30 5) (40 k ) (50 3)
37. = 34
k 11
40k 350
= 34 k = 4
k 11
Heights/cm
130 140 150 160 170 180
5
39. (a) mean = 49.9
(b) standard deviation = 21.4 hours.
42. (a)
Age range Frequency Mid - interval value
0 age < 20 40 10
20 age < 40 70 30
40 age < 60 100 50
60 age < 80 50 70
80 age 100 10 90
43.
90
80
C um ulative frequency
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
LQ = 14 M = 20 UQ = 24
Diameter (mm)
(a) (i) median = 20
(ii) Q3 = 24
(b) IQR = Q3 – Q1 = 10
44. (a) median is 183
(b) Lower quartile Q1 175
Upper quartile Q3 189
IQR is 14
6
45.
48. (a)
Mark (x) 0 ≤ x < 20 20 ≤ x < 40 40 ≤ x < 60 60 ≤ x < 80 80 ≤ x < 100
No of Students 22 50(±1) 66(±1) 42(±1) 20
7
50. (a) Median = 50 (allow 49 or 51)
(b) Interquartile range = 60 – 40 = 20 (allow 59, 61, 39, 41
and corresponding difference)
(c)
Time to complete puzzle in seconds Number of applicants
20 < t ≤ 30 10
30 < t ≤ 35 6
35 < t ≤ 40 9
40 < t ≤ 45 11
45 < t ≤ 50 14
50 < t ≤ 60 25
60 < t ≤ 80 25
Notes: Allow ±1 on each entry provided total adds up to 100.
51.
52. (a) D B C
(b) B A C
8
B. Exam style questions (LONG)
29450
56. (a) (Using mid-intervals) mean = 98.2 km h–1 ( )
300
(b) (i) a = 165, b = 275
(ii)
320
CUMULATIVE FREQUENCY
280
255 Cars
Number of cars
240
200
160
120
80
105 kmh –1
40
9
57. (a)
x 15 45 75 105 135 165 195 225
f 5 15 33 21 11 7 5 3
_
x = 97.2 (exactly)
(b)
x 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Σf 5 20 53 74 85 92 97 100
(c)
100
f 90
80
70
60
customers
50
40
30
20
10 Q3
a n
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
(d) Median = 87 ± 2
Lower quartile = 65 ± 2
Upper quartile = 123 ± 2
10
58. (a)
Houses
100
91±1
90
80 75
70
60
350 000
50
40
30
25
20
135±5
240±5
10
(c) a = 94 – 87 = 7, b = 100 – 94 = 6
11
59. (a)
Mark 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
No. of Candidates 15 65 165 335 595 815 905 950 980 1000
(b)
1000
900
800
700
600
No. of candidates
500
400
300
200
100
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Marks
12
60. (a) x = $59 (by GDC : Statistics)
OR
10 24 30 16 ... 110 10 130 4 7860
x = = $59
24 16 ... 10 4 134
(b)
Money ($) <20 <40 <60 <80 <100 <120 <140
Customers 24 40 62 102 120 130 134
140
120
number
of 100
customers
80
60
40
20
money ($)
13
61. (a) Mid interval values 14, 23, 32, 41, 50
7(14) 12(23) 13(32) 10(41) 8(50) 1600
w = = = 32 (kg)
50 50
(OR by GDC:Statistics)
(b) METHOD 1
Total weight of other boxes = 1600 50x
Total number of other boxes = 50 x
1600 50 x
= 30 x = 5
50 x
METHOD 2
Let z be the number of other boxes in Class E
Total weight of other boxes = 1200 + 50z
Total number of other boxes = 42 + z
1200 50 z
= 30 z = 3
42 z
Hence x = 5
14