INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

BUNDELKHAND UNIVERSITY, JHANSI

Minutes of Board of Studies Meeting for the session 2021 – 22

According to the letter no. BU/Acad./2022/6310-6350 dt. 09.06.2022, the Board of

Studies meeting of Institute of Environment and Development Studies, B.U. Jhansi was
held on 14.06.2022 regarding the modification and upgradation of syllabus of the
courses B.Sc. (Hons.) Environmental Science, M.Sc. Environmental Science and Post
Graduation Diploma in Environmental Management (PGDEM) in the meeting hall of VC
Committee room. In this meeting following members were present:

1. Dr. Vinit Kumar, Convener, BoS, IEDS

2. Dr. Smriti Tripathi, Coordinator, IEDS
3. Dr. A.K. Giri, Member
4. Dr. Abhimanyu Singh, Member
5. Dr. Amit Pal, Member
6. Dr. Sandeep Arya, Member
7. Prof. R.P. Singh, External Expert
8. Dr. Sanjay Singh, External Expert
9. Prof. N.C. Gautam, External Expert
10. Prof. Kusum Arunachalam, External Expert
In this meeting held on 14.06.2022 the upgradation and minor syllabus revision of B.Sc.
(Hons.) Environmental Science, M.Sc. Environmental Science and Post Graduation
Diploma in Environmental Management (PGDEM was discussed and implemented. The
expert panel list for examination of the session 2022 -23 was also finalized in this
meeting. Implementation of New Education Policy (NEP) at (UG and PG) level for the
academic session 2022 – 23 is also accepted in this BoS meeting.

Dr. Smriti Tripathi

Coordinator, IEDS
BU, Jhansi
 Institute of Environment and Development Studies
Bundelkhand University, Jhansi

Syllabus M.Sc. Environmental Sciences

(2022 onwards)

Program Educational Objectives (PEOs)

Compiled in the postgraduate curriculum will enable you to establish a solid

PEO1 understanding of environmental science and self-learning ability to pursue further
education.
Students will be able to acquire the knowledge and ability to apply it to environmental
PEO2 issues facing society today, whether local, regional or international in scope and
consistent with sustainability and economy.
Students will be able to improve their critical thinking and research skills, enabling
PEO3 them to do more research and learn more in the field.
To prepare students to make intelligent decisions on a range of environmental issues,
PEO4 mitigation measures and cutting-edge technologies.
To prepare students for successful occupations in the public sector, business,
PEO5 academia, non-profit organizations and other relevant sectors.

PROGRAMME SPECIFIC OUTCOMES (PSOs)

The programme specified outcomes (PSOs) are a list of competencies and abilities that specify the
skills and abilities that a post-graduate will possess at the program's conclusion.
Students who successfully complete the M.Sc. in Environmental Sciences will be able to choose
their occupations in the public sector, business, academia, non-profit organizations and other
relevant sectors.
PSO1 Develop relevant skills and in-depth knowledge of the principles, processes, and
phenomena relating to environmental challenges.

PSO2 To be able to build analytical capabilities as well as to use statistical techniques,

ICT and instrumentation techniques for the collection and analysis of scientific
data and environmental analysis.
PSO3 Learning ability to plan and execute environmental initiatives, prepare scientific
reports, communicate research findings and contribute to the management of the
environment.
PSO4 The capacity to use experimentally based environmental strategies and
methodologies and scientific knowledge to address environmental pollution
issues and promote sustainable development.
PSO5 The capacity to build a solid foundation enables students to pursue careers in
teaching, research and development, public service, and front-line environmental
science research.
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: First Semester: First

Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences

Course Code: DES – 101 Course Title: PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENT & ECOLOGY

Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Learn basic concept of environmental science and human ecology.
 Develop understanding about ecology.
 Gain knowledge about biotic and abiotic factor.
 Able to understand population dispersion and regulation.
 Understand the structure of the population and community.
 Also able to understand the theories of origin of life.
Credits: 4 Compulsory

Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.

Unit Topic No. of

Lectures
Introduction to Environmental Sciences: Definition, scope and importance; Human ecology and
I 14
human settlement. Earth, Man and Environment Interactions. Geographical Classification and Zones
– Torrid, Temperate and Frigid Zones.
Fundamentals of Ecology: Definition, Principle, Branches and Scope of Ecology. Ecological Factors:
II 12
Abiotic – Physical and chemical Factors, Biotic – Limiting Factors - Species Interaction:
Commensalism, Amensalism, Mutualism, Competition, Parasitism, Prey-Predator Relationship.
Sedimentary Cycles (P, S, Fe), Gaseous Cycles (C, N, O) and Hydrological Cycle.
Population Ecology: Population - Definition, Characteristics, Population Density, Natality, Mortality,
III 10
Age Distribution, Growth Patterns, Population Fluctuation, Population Equilibrium, Biotic Potentials,
Population Dispersion and Regulation of Population. Ecological Age Pyramids. Survivorship Curves
and its Types.

Community Ecology: Definition, Characteristics, Dominance, Structure, Stratification, Periodicity,

IV 14
Fluctuation within Community, Communal Interdependence, Ecotone, Edge Effect, Ecological Niche
and Ecological Equivalents. Ecological Succession, Types, Process, Climax and Significance of
Succession.

Evolution: Evolution, origin of life and speciation; Theories of organic evolution, Hardy Weinberg
V 10
genetic equilibrium, Genetic polymorphism and selection; Economically important microbes, plants
and animals.

Suggested Books:
 Environmental Science and Technology, Stanley E. Manahan, (2007), Lewis Publishers.
 A Text Book of Ecology, S. K. Dubey (2006), Dominant Publishers.
 Environment, Peter H. Raven, Berg, David M. Hassenzahl (2010), John Wiley & Sons.
 Fundamentals of Ecology, Eugene P. Odum, Gary W. Barrett (2012), Cengage Learning.
 Ecology Principles and Applications, J. L. Chapman & M. J. Resiss (2010), Cambridge University Pre
 Environmental Science, G. Tyler Miller, Scott E. Spoolman (2014), Cengage Learning
 Environmental Science, Botkin, Keller (2012), John Wiley & Sons.
 Environmental Science, S. C. Santra (2016), New Central Book Agency Pvt. Ltd.
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: First Semester: First

Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences

Course Code: DES – 102 Course Title: Environmental Chemistry

Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Learn basic fundamental of environmental chemistry.
 Developing understanding about fundamental concept of general chemistry.
 Understand the structure and composition of atmosphere.
 Learn about the soil profile.
 Develop basic understanding about the water.

Credits: 4 Compulsory
Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.

Unit Topic No. of

Lectures
I Introduction: Fundamentals of environmental chemistry, stoichiochemistry, laws of 10
thermodynamics, oxidations-reduction.
Fundamental Concepts of General Chemistry: Formation of Molecules, Molecular Weight,
II 10
Equivalent Weight, Strength of the Solution – Molality, Molarity, Normality, Valency and
Oxidation State, Oxidation and Reduction Reactions, Metals and Nonmetals, Aromatic and
Aliphatic Organic Compounds, Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons.
Atmospheric Chemistry: Structure and Composition of Atmosphere, Classification of
III 14
Elements, Particulate Matter, Ions and Radicals in the Atmosphere. Chemical and
Photochemical Reactions, Formation of Smog, PAN, Acid Rain. Oxygen and Ozone
Chemistry., Green House Gases and Global Warming, Wind Direction, Wind Speed and
Temperature.
Soil Chemistry: Soil Profile, Soil Horizons – Physical, Chemical and Biological Characteristics,
IV 12
Nature of Soil – Soil Structure and Texture. Soil Macro and Micro Nutrients –– Soil Water –
Soil Air – Soil Temperature – Soil Organic Matter. Soil Colloids – Ion Exchange
Capacity.inorganic and organic components of soil, nitrogen pathway and NPK in soil

V Hydrospheric Chemistry: Water chemistry, Physico-chemical characteristics of water, 14

Physical and chemical aspects of inland water bodies like lakes, streams, river and
wetlands, heavy metals in water, pesticides, organic pollutants.
Suggested Books:
 Environmental Chemistry, Stanley E. Manahan (1999),CRC Press.
 Environmental Chemistry, Peter O’ Neil, (2004), Blackie Academic & Professional.
 Basic Concept of Environmental Chemistry, Des W. Connell (2005), Taylor & Francis.
 The Principles of Environmental Chemistry, James E. Girard (2005), Jones &Bartlet.
 Environmental Science & Technology, Stanley E. Manahan (2007), Tailor & Francis, CRC Press.
 Environmental Chemistry, Colin Baird & Michael Cann (2008), W. H. Freman& Co.,
 Environmental Chemistry with Green Chemistry. Asim K. Das &Mahua Das (2012), Books &Allied Pvt.
Ltd.,
 Fundamentals Concepts of Environmental Chemistry, G. S. Sodhi (2011), Narosa Publishing House.
 Environmental Chemistry, A. K. De (2010), New Age International Pvt. Ltd.
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: First Semester: First

Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences

Course Code: DES - 103 Course Title: Abiotic Environment

Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Understand the geological time scale.
 Learn about the climatology.
 Develop understanding about water resources.
 Gain knowledge about the major rocks and minerals.
 Learn about the Köppen’s climate classification system.
Credits: 4 Compulsory

Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.

Unit Topic No. of

Lectures
Understanding of the Earth: Origin of earth, Geological time scale, Internal Structure
I 10
and composition of Earth, Rocks, Tectonic framework of India; Plate-tectonics,
Volcano, Soil profile, Physical, chemical and biological properties of soil, Soil erosion,
Mineral resources, Soils of India, Major natural hazards – earthquake, cyclone,
landslides, etc.; concept of isostasy.

Atmosphere: Atmospheric profile, Climatology, Types of wind, Wind as ecological

II 10
factor. Classification of Climate of India, Meteorological analysis, Inversion.

Hydrosphere: General physico-chemical properties of water, types of water, Global

III 14
water balance & Ice sheet, Distribution & precipitation, Water as an ecological factor,
Hydrological cycle, Water resources – oceans, surface and ground water.

Rocks: Major rock and ore forming minerals: Properties of minerals; Igneous,
IV 12
sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Impact of mining on environment.

Climate: Köppen’s climate classification system; General relationship between

V 14
landscape, biomes and climate.

Suggested Readings:
 T. R. Oke. 2006. Boundary layer climates. Methuen & Co. Ltd.
 S. Pal Arya. 2001. Introduction to Micrometeorology. Academic Press.
 H. R. Byers. 2006. General Meteorology. McGraw-Hill.
 K. S. Valdiya. 1987. Environmental Geology. Tata McGraw-Hill.
 5. J. M. Wallace and P. V. Hobbs. 2006. Atmospheric Science – An introductory survey
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: First Semester: First

Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences

Course Code: DES - 104 Course Title: National & Global Environmental Issues

Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Understand about the ozone depletion.
 Learn about the climate change.
 Understanding about the environment management.
 Gain knowledge about the national environment issues.
 Learn about the green chemistry.
Credits: 4 Compulsory

Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.

Unit Topic No. of

Lectures
Global climatic change: Ozone layer depletion and protection, El-Nino, International
I 10
treaties, protocols and conventions on emission reduction, ozone layer protection and
trans-boundary movement of hazardous waste. United Nation’s efforts for
environmental protection & sustainable development, Other international and national
organizations for environmental protection, environmental movements, Agenda –21.

Climate Change & Green House Gases: Definition of Climate Change – Causes and
II 10
Impacts of Climate Change, Green House Gases (Sources, Effects), Extreme Weather
Events. Role of Oceans and Forests as Carbon Sinks, Effect of Climate Change on
Weather and Climatic Patterns, Ice Caps, Glaciers, Agriculture, Biodiversity, Sea Level,
Tourism.
Environmental Management: Oil pollution, GAP, National Lake conservation program,
III 14
Some environmental fragile areas, Desertification & its control, Water crisis &
conservation of water.
National Environmental Issues: Indian environmental problems, National calamities
IV 12
(earthquake, floods etc.), Different environmental episodes, Population explosion and
birth control measures, Conventional & non-conventional sources of energy. Eco-
ethics, Rehabilitation & resettlement problems, Urban problems related to energy.
Social issues and environment: Principles of green chemistry- nuclear accidents and
V 14
holocaust, case studies. – wasteland reclamation – consumerism and waste products.
Environmental education & awareness, Community participation, Role of women in
Environmental protection.

Suggested Readings:
 Gilbert M.Masters, "Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science", 2nd edition, Pearson
Education, 2004.
 Benny Joseph, "Environmental Science and Engineering", Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2006.
 Rajagopalan, R, "Environmental Studies-From Crisis to Cure", Oxford University Press, 2005.
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: First Semester: Second

Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences

Course Code: DES – 201 Course Title: Biological Processes & Systems

Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Learn about the principles of physical chemistry.
 Study about microbial flora of soil.
 Understanding about the environmental stress.
 Gain knowledge about the microbial ecology.
 Learn about the microbial interaction.
Credits: 4 Compulsory

Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.

Unit Topic No. of

Lectures
Biochemical ecology: Elements of Biochemistry; Principles of physical chemistry;
I 10
Kinetics, dissociation & association constants; Nucleic acid structure & functions;
Genetic code; Energy yielding pathways & metabolism; Proteins, Nitrogen metabolism;
Lipids, vitamins and biological clock; process of fatty acid oxidation.

Biogeochemistry: Microbial Flora of Soil – Interactions among Soil Microorganisms –

II 10
Nitrogen Cycle – Carbon Cycle – Sulfur Cycle – Phosphorous Cycle – Nitrogen Fixation
by Photosynthetic Bacteria, Cyanobacteria and Methanogenic Bacteria –
Biotechnology in the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Emission.
Stress ecology: Environmental stress and adaptations; Plant & animal hormones;
III 14
Nutrition, Reproduction, Learning & behavior; Water balance; Photo-regulation;
angiospermic seeds, seed germination, anatomy and seed dormancy.
Microbial ecology: Microbes – classification & significance; Mineral growth &
IV 12
nutrition; Food, medical, industrial & soil microbiology; Culture & media;
Fermentation; Control agents of microbes; Role of microbes in soil; Water &
degradation of xenobiotics; Recent issues in microbiology.
Environmental Microbial Applications: Microbial Interactions, Sedimentory
V 14
Biogeochemical Cycles – Fe, P and S, Gaseous Cycle – C, N and O, Soil Microorganisms
Associated with Vascular Plants, Bioindicators, Biosensors, Biofertilizers, Biopesticides,
Bioplastics, Bioleaching &Biomining, Biodeterioration and Biofuels.
Suggested Readings:
 Microbiology, K. J. Pelzer, E. C. S. Chan & N. R.Kreig (2008), Tata Magraw.
 Environmental Microbiology, Raina M. Maier &Lanl. Pepper (2000), Elseiver
 Environmental Biotechnology Principles and Applications, Bruce. E. Rittmannn (2001), Graw- Hill Book Co
 Environmental Microbiology, John F. T. Spencer & A. L. R. Spencer (2004), Humana Press.
 Microbiology An Introduction, Tortara, Funke& Case (2007), Benjamin Publishers.
 Fundamentals of Microbiology, Jeffrey C. Pommerville (2007), Johns & Bartle.
 Microbiology, Jacauelyn G. Black (2008), John Wiley & Sons.
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: First Semester: Second
Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences
Course Title: Biodiversity – Forestry & Wildlife
Course Code: DES- – 202
Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Understand about the level and types of biodiversity.
 Learn about the forest ecology.
 Understanding about the flora and fauna of india.
 Gain knowledge about the habitat destruction of biodiversity.
 Learn about the conservation and management of biodiversity.
Credits: 4 Compulsory
Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.
Unit Topic No. of Lectures
Biodiversity: Definition, levels and types of biodiversity; Value of biodiversity; Threat
I 10
to biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation, Conservation through legal aspects;
Biodiversity at Global & National level; Future strategies for India; Bio-geographical
classification, Hot-spots of Biodiversity.
Forest ecology: Role of vegetation in nature; Forest types of India; Forest management
II 10
& conservation; Silviculture, Rangeland management, Minor Forest Produce, JFM,
Agro-forestry.
Importance of wildlife: Common flora and fauna in India; Endangered and threatened
III 14
species; Protected Areas; National Parks and Sanctuaries; Role of National and
International organizations for protection of wildlife; Biodiversity Laws, Red Data Book.
Threats to Biodiversity: Habitat Alteration, Invasive Species, Pollution, Population
IV 12
Explosion, and Overexploitation of Resources- Habitat Destruction, Fragmentation,
Transformation, Degradation and Loss: Causes, Patterns and Consequences on the
Biodiversity of Major Land and Aquatic Systems Invasive Species Pathways, Biological
Impacts on Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems. Extinction: Types of Extinctions, Processes
Responsible for Species Extinction, Current and Future Extinction Rates, IUCN
Threatened Categories, Sixth Extinction/Biological Crisis.
Biodiversity Management: Conservation and Management, Protection of Natural
V 14
Habitats, National and International Protected Area, Current Practices in Conservation
- In Situ Conservation and Ex Situ Conservation of Threatened Species -
Cryopreservation, Gene Banks, Gene Pool and Species Conservation. National Parks
and Sanctuaries. Common Flora and Fauna in India, The Biological Diversity Act, 2002,
Biological Diversity Rules, 2004 – Patent Act - Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). Agenda
21.
Suggested Readings:
 Biodiversity and Human Health, Aguirre, A. Alonso (2009), Eco Health, 6 (1), 153-156.
 Ecology: from Individuals to Ecosystems, Begon M, Townsend CR & Harper JL (2006), John Wiley and Sons.
 Ecology, Environmental and Resource Conservation, Singh JS, Singh SP and SR Gupta (2008), Anamaya Publishers,
India
 Ecology and Field Biology, Smith R and Smith RM (2000),6th ed., Prentice Hall.
 Global Biodiversity – Status of the Earths Living Resources, Brian Groombridge(1992) Chapman & Hall, London

Programme/Class: Degree Year: First Semester: Second

 Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences
Course Title: Water, Soil Pollution And Management
Course Code: DES – 203
Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Understand about the hydrological cycle.
 Learn about the domestic sewage and industrial effluent.
 Understanding about the treatment of waste water.
 Gain knowledge about the sources of soil pollution.
 Learn about the water quality index.
Credits: 4 Compulsory
Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.
Unit Topic No. of
Lectures
Sources of water and pollution: Distribution, Hydrological Cycle, Structure and Polarity of
I 10
Water Molecule, Properties of Water Sources – Availability & Quality of Surface Water
(River, Stream Lake, Dam) & Ground Water (Open Well & Bore Well)- Sources of Pollution-
Point and Non Point- Types and Effects of Water Pollutants, Water Borne Diseases
Characteristics of waste: Characteristics of Domestic Sewage and Industrial Effluents with
II 10
Reference to Paper, Electroplating, Pharmaceutical, Dairy, Distillery, Dyeing, Nuclear,
Fertilizer Industries.
Control and management of water pollution: Primary Treatment, Conventional Biological
III 14
or Secondary Treatment, Tertiary or Advanced Treatment, Membrane Process, Sludge
Stabilization and Disposal. Case Studies – MinamataDisease (Hg), Itai-Itai (Cd), Fukushima
Daiichi Nuclear Disaster.
Soil Pollution: Characteristics of Soil – Structure, Texture, Colour, Porosity, Ph, EC, Organic
IV 12
Matter, Micro and Macro Nutrients, Cation Exchange Capacity, Physical Properties – Bulk
Density, Porosity, Soil Water, Soil Temperature, Soil Acidity, Salinity - Main Sources of Soil
Pollution (Agriculture, Cattle Raising, Industry and Urban Centres) - Main Types of Soil
Pollutants- Organic and Inorganic Contaminants (Pesticides and Heavy Metals) - Methods
for Soil Remediation-In-Situ Decontamination, Ex-Situ Decontamination: On-Site and Off-
Site; and Confinement/Isolation of The Affected Area.
Water Pollution Management: Specifications for Drinking Water Acts (The Water
V 14
(Pollution And Control Of Pollution) Act, 1974 and The Environmental (Protection) Act,
1986), Water Quality Index (WQI) – Watershed Management-Types, Objectives and Factors
Affecting Watershed Management,
Suggested Readings:
 Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse. G. Tchobanoglous, F. L. Burton, and H.D.Stensel.(2003),4th
ed. Metcalf & Eddy Inc., New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
 Environmental Chemistry, De AK, (2003), 5th Edition, New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers, New
Delhi, ISBN 81 – 224 – 1488 – 5.
 Environmental Chemistry, Sharma BK and Kaur H,(1994), Goel Publishing House, Meerut.
 Environmental Chemistry, Bhatia SC,(2002),CBS Publishers and Distributors. New Delhi.
 Chemistry for Environmental Engineering, Sawyer CN, Mc Carty PL and Perkinn GF, (1994), II edition.
McGraw Hill.
 Watershed Management in India, Murty JVS, (1994), Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: First Semester: Second
Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences
Course Title: Air Pollution And Management
Course Code: DES – 204
Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Study about the classification of air pollution.
 Learn about the atmospheric stability.
 Understanding about the air quality standard.
 Gain knowledge about the air pollution control.
 Learn about the air quality monitoring.
Credits: 4 Compulsory
Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.
Unit Topic No. of Lectures
Sources And Effects Of Air Pollutants: Classification of air pollutants – Particulates and
I 10
gaseous pollutants – Sources of air pollution – Source inventory – Effects of air pollution on
human beings, materials,
vegetation, animals – global warming-ozone layer depletion, Sampling and Analysis – Basic
Principles of Sampling – Source and ambient sampling – Analysis of pollutants
Dispersion Of Pollutants: Elements of atmosphere – Meteorological factors – Wind roses –
II 10
Lapse rate - Atmospheric stability and turbulence – Plume rise – Dispersion of pollutants –
Dispersion models – Applications.
Air Quality Standards: Air Quality Standards, Air Quality Index, Indoor Air Quality, Control
III 14
Methods Absorption, Adsorption, Condensation, Chemical Reactions, Incinerations.

Air Pollution Control: Concepts of control – Principles and design of control measures –
IV 12
Particulates control by gravitational, centrifugal, filtration, scrubbing, electrostatic
precipitation – Selection criteria for equipment - gaseous pollutant control by adsorption,
absorption, condensation, combustion – Pollution control for specific major industries

Air Quality Management: Air quality standards – Air quality monitoring – Preventive
V 14
measures - Air pollution control efforts – Zoning – Town planning regulation of new
industries Environmental Impact Assessment and Air quality Biological abatement of air
pollution, scope of green belt development, phytoremediation. Economic aspects of air
pollution control.
Suggested Readings:
 Air Pollution, M. N. Rao and H.V.N. Rao, (2014), McGraw Hill Education
 Advanced Air and Noise Pollution control, Lawrence K. Wang, Norman C. Pereira, Yung-Tse Hung, (2005),
Humana press.
 Pollution Management (I Air Pollution), S.K. Agarwal, (2002), A.P.H Publishing Corporation.
 Environmental Science and Technology, Stanley E. Manahan, (1997), Lewis Publishers.
 Fundamentals of Air Pollution, Richard W. Boubel, Donald L. Fox, D. Bruce, Turner and Arthur C. Stren,
(2005), Academic press.
 Pollution Management (V- Noise Pollution), S. K. Agarwal, (2002), A.P.H. Publishing Corporation.
 Atmospheric Science for Environmental Scientists, C.N. Hewitt and A. V. Jackson, (2009), Wiley- Blackwell.
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: Second Semester: Third
Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences
Course Title: EIA, Environmental Audit & Disaster Management
Course Code: DES -301
Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Understand about the introduction of EIA.
 Learn about the Environmental audit.
 Understanding about the environmental confrences.
 Study about the basic concept of disaster.
 Learn about the disaster management.
Credits: 4 Compulsory
Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.
Unit Topic No. of Lectures
Introduction: Generalized approach to impact analysis; concept of significant effect;
I 10
Development of EIA; Elements of EIA; Procedures for reviewing EIA & statement;
Methodologies of EIA; Models used in EIA; Public participation of EIA; Assessment of
impacts on energy generation projects, dams, mining, cement industries, fertilizer plants,
tourism, highway projects, port and harbors.
Environmental audit: Approach & methodology; concept of Eco-audit; Industrial safety
II 10
audit; ISO 14000 & 18000 series; Total quality management (TQM); Ecological footprints,
Cost-benefit analysis, economics of pollution control.
Environmental Ethics : Implementation of International Emission Trading, Resource
III 14
Consumption Patterns and the need for Equitable Utilization-Equity-Disparity in the
Northern and Southern Countries, Urban and Rural Equity Issues- The need for General
Equity, World Summit 1972, RIO Conference Agenda 21, Montreal Protocol, Kyoto Protocol,
Climate Change Mitigation.

Basic concept of disaster: Industrial & technological disaster; disaster profile of India;
IV 12
Institutional framework & disaster management in India; Natural hazards and their zoning
& risk assessment; Role of media, government and Non government agencies in disaster
management; Emergency planning for floods, landslides, earthquakes, volcanoes and
cyclones, etc.

Disaster Preparedness and management: Community Preparedness in Natural Disasters-

V 14
Role of Information, Education, Emerging Trends in Disaster Management International
Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR), Policy for Disaster Reduction, Problems of
Financing and Insurance. Training for Emergency. Regulation/Guidelines for Disaster
Tolerance Building Structures.
Suggested Readings:
 Environmental Impact Statements, Bregmam J.I (1999), Lewis Publishers, London.
 Environmental Science and Engineering, Suresh K.Dhameja, (2005), Published by Sanjeev Kumar Kataria, Delhi.
 Effective Environmental Assessment, Eccleston C.H, (2000), Lewis Publishers, London.
 Natural Hazards, Bryant Edwards (2005), Cambridge University Press, U.K.
 Space Technology for Disaster management: A Remote Sensing & GIS Perspective,Roy, P.S. (2000), Indian Institute
of Remote Sensing (NRSA), Dehradun.
 Natural Disaster, Sharma, R.K. & Sharma, G. (2005), (ed) APH Publishing Corporation, New Delhi .
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: Second Semester: Third
Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences
Course Title: Environmental Management & Laws
Course Code: DES - 302
Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Understand about the environmental issues and problems.
 Study about environmental policies.
 Understanding about the environmental issues in rural.
 Gain knowledge about the remote sensing.
 Learn about the environmental acts.
Credits: 4 Compulsory
Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.
Unit Topic No. of Lectures
Environmental Protection: issues and problems; International & national efforts for
I 10
Environmental protection; Issues involved in enforcement of environmental legislation;
Environmental Policies: Constitutional Provision of India regarding Environment ((Article 48
II 10
A, 51A and 21)). Policy strategies in pollution control & Conservation; Wildlife Protection
Act; Forest Conservation Act 1980; Indian Forest Policy.
Environmental management in industries: Urbanization & municipal environmental issues;
III 14
Rural environmental problems & solutions

Remote Sensing and GIS: Basic concepts & technique of remote sensing; GIS application in
IV 12
environment, agriculture, forestry & land use planning; Indian remote sensing programme
and future strategies

Environmental Acts: Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act and Rule 1982; The
V 14
Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act. The Environment Protection Act and Rules;
Rules on Hazardous Wastes & Hazardous Chemicals; Ozone Protection;
Suggested Readings:
 N. K. Uberoi, Environmental Management, Excel Books, New Delhi
 Frederick and Lutgens, The Atmosphere, Pearson
 Principles of Geographical Information System, Burrough P.H and McDonnelli (1998), Oxford University Press.
 Fundamentals of Remote Sensing (2nd edition), George Joseph (2008) ,Universities press, Hyderabad.
 Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation,Lillie’s T. M. and Kiefer R.W (2003) , John Wiley and Sons.
 Environmental Production, Law and Policies,Jane Holder and Maria Lee, (2007), Second Ediction.
 Introduction to Environmental Impact Assessment,Natural and Built Environment Series. John Glasson (2005),
Routledge, Taylor and Francis.
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: Second Semester: Third
Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences
Course Title: Eco toxicology & Environmental Health
Course Code: DES – 303
Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Understand about the toxicants.
 Learn about the dose-response relationship.
 Study about the bioaccumulation and biomagnification.
 Gain knowledge about the occuputational health.
 Learn about the epidemiological issues.
Credits: 4 Compulsory
Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.
Unit Topic No. of Lectures
Toxicants & toxicology: Definition of Toxicology, Toxicity and Toxicants. Classification of
I 10
toxic agents – natural toxins (Animal, Plant and microbial toxins) and Anthropogenic
toxicants (Chemical toxins). Classes of environmental toxicants;
Toxicity assessment: Pathological problems peculiar to ecotoxicology; Dose-response
II 10
relationship; Exposure assessment; Influence of ecological factors on effects of toxicity;
Somatic & germinal effects.

Risk assessment: Bioaccumulation, Biotransformation, Biomagnification, Biodegradation

III 14
(with examples); Mutagenesis & carcinogenesis; Biomonitoring

Effect of toxicants: Impact on individual species, community & ecosystem level;

IV 12
Occuputational health; problems, safety, chemical hazards; Environmental health – air,
water, food & soil borne diseases;

Prevention & control: Epidemiological issues (related to Arsenic, Fluoride, Silica etc.),
V 14
Population growth, explosion, family welfare programme, Value education, Human Rights,
Women & Child Welfare, HIV / AIDS.
Suggested Readings:
 Priciples of Ecotoxicology, C. H. Walker, S.P. Hopkin, R. M. Sibly and D.B. Peakall, (2006), Third Edition, CRC
Press (Taylor & Francis Group).
 Hazardous Materials Chemistry for Emergency Responders, Robert Burke, (2000), Lewis Publishers.
 Fundamentals of Ecotoxicology, Michael C. Newman, (2001), Lewis Publishers.
 LU’s Basic Toxicology (Fundamentals, Target Organs and Risk Assessment), Sixth Edition, Samkacew and Byung-
Mu Lee,( 2013), CRC Press (Taylor & Francis Group).
 Environmental Toxicants-Human Exposure and Their Health Effects, Morton Lippmann, (2000), John Wiley and
Sons Publication.
 Environmental Contaminants-Assessment and Control,Daniel A. Vallero, (2005), Academic Press.
 Environmental Toxicology – Biological and Health Effects of Pollutants, Ming-Ho Yu, (2004), Second Edition, CRC
Press (Taylor & Francis Group).
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: Second Semester: Third
Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences
Course Title: Resource Conservation & Management
Course Code: DES - 304
Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Understand about the natural resources.
 Learn about the Renewable & Non-renewable resources.
 Understanding about the resource conservation.
 Gain knowledge about the management of the resources.
 Learn about the energy conservation.
Credits: 4 Compulsory
Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.
Unit Topic No. of Lectures
Introduction about natural resources: Kinds of natural resources; Need to manage;
I 10
Resources management: Preservation, Conservation & Restoration; Extrinsic and intrinsic
environmental resource potential values (the five E’s); Patterns of resource depletion;
Conservation of mineral resources, concept of five ‘R’
Resources: Renewable & Non-renewable; Depletion of Natural resources; Water resources
II 10
& environment: Factors influencing the surface water: Resources & reserves, Ocean ore
and recycling of resources; Environmental Impact of exploitation, processing and smelting
of minerals, Role of NGT, Swatch Bharat Abhiyan, OTEC
Resource Conservation: Reducing the need for resources; Resource economics; Jobs and
III 14
life in a sustainable world; The Human population challenge (Earth’s carrying capacity);
Sustainable use of Energy resources; Conservation of Soils.
Resource Management: Gasohol; Use more methane fuel, Use genetically engineering
IV 12
methods to develop gasoline plants; Halt the deforestation in the tropics, Reforestation;
Energy intensity index; Law of diminishing returns; Approach to Natural Resource
Management: Exploitation, Utilitarian approach, Sustainable approach; Watershed
management; Wasteland management, Wetland management; Rain water harvesting.
Sustainable Management of resources: Role of an individual in conservation of natural
V 14
resources; Equitable use of resources for sustainable life styles; Urban problems related to
energy; Water conservation: Rain water harvesting. Resettlement and rehabilitation of
people, its problems and concerns; Environmental ethics, issues and possible solution
Suggested Readings:
 Ecology of Natural Resources, FerancoisRamade (1991), John Wiley.
 Text book of Environmental Studies, EranchBharucha (2005), Universities Press.
 Environmental Studies,Kumarasamy K, Alagappa Moses A and Vasanthy M (2004),Bharathidasan University
Publishers.
 Environmental Science and Technology, Stanley E. Manahan (2007),Taylor & Francis, CRC Press.
 Instant notes Ecology, Aulay Mackenzie, Andy S.Ball and Sonia R.Virdee (2002), Bios Scientific Pub. Ltd.,
 Environmental Science, Physical Principals and Application, Egbert Boeker and rienk van Gondelle (2001), John
Wiley & Sons.
 Environmental Science,Santra, S.C (2005), New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd.,
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: Second Semester: Fourth
Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences
Course Title: Ecotourism
Course Code: DES – 401
Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Understand about the concept of ecotourism.
 Learn about the component of ecotourism.
 Understanding about the ecotourism practices.
 Gain knowledge about the developing of ecotourism.
 Study about case study related to ecotourism.
Credits: 4 Compulsory
Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.
Unit Topic No. of Lectures
Definition and concept of ecotourism: Social and ecological impacts of tourism &
I 10
Definition of ecotourism. Concept of Ecotourism, Ecotourism and related sub‐sectors of the
tourism industry, Ecotourism criteria, Quebec declaration on ecotourism Identifying and
describing ecotourism products
Components and approaches of Ecotourism: Components of ecotourism, Ecotourism and
II 10
the environment, Ecotourism and conservation, Ecotourism and protected areas
Components of ecotourism, Ecotourism and economic benefits, Ecotourism and social
benefits, Ecotourism and local community, Ecotourism and education
Ecotourism Practices: Ecotourism practices, Transportation, Facilities (reduce, replace,
III 14
reuse, recycle), Services (types, activities, and code of ethics), The ecotourists (types, and
code of ethics) Eco‐labeling and green‐washing
Ecotourism Management: Developing an ecotourism product, Identifying products,
IV 12
Advantages and Disadvantages of Ecotourism- Eco-branding and Eco-labeling of Ecotourism
Products - Marketing of Ecotourism, Ecotourism and Sustainable Development -
Management Issues in Ecotourism, Ecotourism‐based/related employment, Scope and
areas of employment.
Case Studies of Ecotourism: Case Study - Parambikulam Tiger Reserve, Kaziranga National
V 14
Park, Ecotourism spots in Tamil Nadu (Ooty, Kodaikanal, Elagiri, Yerkaud). A World Heritage
Site in Assam, Ecotourism in Bagalkot District, Karnataka, The Kabini River Lodge. Gender
and Sustainable Development in Mountains in Garhwal Himalaya,
Suggested Readings:
 The Encyclopedia of Ecotourism, Weaver, D. B. (2001), CABI.
 Encyclopedia of Ecotourism, Volume I, II and III, Sinha, P.C (2003), Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd.,
 Ecotourism and sustainable Development, N. Mukherjee (2008). Cybetech Publications
 Global Ecotourism, Prabhas Chandra (2003), Kaniskha Publishers
 Ecotourism. An Introduction, Fennell A David. (2003), Routledge, London and New York.
 Ecotourism Impacts, Potentials and Possibilities, Wearing and Neil (2000), Oxford: Butterworth & Heinemann.
 Case studies in ecotourism, Buckley, R. (2003), Cambridge: CABI.
 Environmental impacts of ecotourism, Buckley, R. ed. (2004), Oxfordshire: CABI.
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: Second Semester: Fourth
Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences
Course Title: Current Research Methodology In Environment
Course Code: DES – 402
Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Understand about the concept of research.
 Learn about the measure of central tendency.
 Understanding about the descriptive statistics.
 Gain knowledge about the statistical analysis.
 Learn about the graphical presentation.
Credits: 4 Compulsory
Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.
Unit Topic No. of Lectures
Research: Introduction to research, Concept and theory, Induction and deduction;
I 10
Objectives of research. Types of research, Research process, Research Formulation –
Defining and formulating the research problem
Introduction to Statistics: Scope, Limitations of Statistics, Statistical Method and
II 10
Experimental Method. Collection of Data, Sampling, Classification and Tabulation of Data.
Diagrammatic & Graphic Presentation of Data. Information Technology: Information Types,
Needs, Data Processing,
Descriptive Statistics: Introduction, Measure of Central Tendency- Mean, Mode, Median,
III 14
Measure of Shapes. Properties of Mean, Variance and Standard Deviation, Co-Efficient of
Variation. Sampling Theories and Hypothesis Testing, Techniques and Experimental
Designs. Testing Hypothesis: Significance Level and X2 Test, T and F Test.
Statistical Analysis: Correlation, Regression and ANOVA: Analysis of Variance: One Way and
IV 12
Two Way ANOVA, MONOVA, Regressions: Defining the Fit, Correlation, Polynomial
Regression, Multiple Regression, P-Value.

Biostatistics & Computer Applications: Tabulation of Data. Graphical Presentation of Data;

V 14
Line Graph, Bar Chart, Cumulative Bar Chart, Percentage Bar, Chart, Pie Chart and Three
Dimensional Graphs. Frequency Analysis; Univariate and Bivariate Frequency Tables.
Calculation of Mean, Median and Mode. Calculation of Modal Frequency; Grouping Table
and Analysis Table. Testing and Hypothesis; Application of ‘T’ Test. Calculation of
Correlation and Regression. Data Sheet and Data Management. Simple Statistical Work
Using Excel Spread Sheet

Suggested Readings:
 Statistics for Environmental Science and Management, Bryan FJ, Manly (2008), ISBN 9781420061475.
 Scientific methods for Ecological Research, Ford ED, (2000), Cambridge University Press.
 Statistics for Earth and Environmental Scientist., John Schuenemeyer, Larry Drew, (2011).
 Fundamentals of Biostatistics, Rosner B, (1986),, Duxbury Press, Boston
 Statistical Methods, Snedecor W and G Cochran, (1967), Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Calcutta
 Biostatistical Analysis, Zar JH, (1984). Prentice-hall, Inc Englewood Cliff, New Jersey
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: Second Semester: Fourth
Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences
Course Title: Sustainable Management And Sustainable Development
Course Code: DES – 403
Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Understand about the sustainable development.
 Learn about the environmental stress and economic growth.
 Understanding about the Energy- environment interactions.
 Gain knowledge about the Innovative models of sustainable development.
 Learn about the Environment protection policies.
Credits: 4 Compulsory
Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.
Unit Topic No. of Lectures
Introduction to Sustainable Development: Concept, mature and scope of Sustainable
I 10
development. Globalization and Economic growth. Economic development: Economic
inequalities, Income and growth. Social development: Poverty, conceptual issues and
measures, impact of poverty
Environmental Economics, Energy and Sustainable Development: Trade-off between
II 10
environmental stress and economic growth; Environmental Kuznet’s Curve hypothesis -
theory and empirical evidence; Environmental accounting; Externalities; Different types of
goods, Common property resource and Tragedy of the Commons; Poverty and environment
Energy Economics and Climate Change: Introduction to energy economics; Energy-
III 14
environment interactions; Options to address energy related environmental problems –
Regulatory approach to environmental management, economic instruments for pollution
control, Assessment and selection of instruments, Nuclear energy and climate change;
Promises and limits of bioenergy; International climate change agreements – UNFCCC, The
Kyoto Protocol
Integrated approaches: Innovative models of sustainable development. Public private
IV 12
partnership, decentralization of power. Strategies to become a developed country. Future
trends in integrated approaches.

Environmental Protection measures: Environment protection policies, waste management,

V 14
Pollution control, reduce the use, reuse and recycle, sustainable energy, preservation of
forest and water sources, Demand and supply management.
Suggested Readings:
 Downing, Theodore E. 2002. Avoiding New Poverty: Mining-Induced Displacement and Resettlement,
International Institute for Environment and Development.
 Falenda, Sudan K. 2009. Encyclopedia of Environment and Development, Serials Publication: New Delhi.
 Gilbert, Alan and Josef Guglar. 1982. Cities, Poverty and Development: Urbanization in the Third World,
New York, Delhi: Oxford University Press.
 Gowdy, John and Aneel Salman. 2008. “Climate Change and Economic Development: A Pragmatic
Approach”, The Pakistan Development Review, Vol. 46, No. 4.
 Held, David, Charles Roger and Eva-Maria Nag. 2013. Climate Governance in the Developing World,
Cambridge: Polity. Human Development Report. 2006.
 Beyond scarcity: Power, Poverty and the Global Water Crisis, New York: UNDP
 Programme/Class: Degree Year: Second Semester: Fourth
Theory Subject: Environmental Sciences
Course Title: Environmental Microbiology
Course Code: DES – 404
Course outcomes: After completing the course the student will be able to:
 Understand about the Environmental Microbiology.
 Learn about the Distribution and sources of air borne microorganisms.
 Understanding about the Microbial communities in natural water.
 Gain knowledge about the Introduction and historical background of soil microbiology.
 Learn about the Composition of sewage.
Credits: 4 Compulsory
Max. Marks: 30 +70 Min. Passing Marks: As per norms.
Unit Topic No. of Lectures
General Environmental Microbiology
I 10
Environmental Microbiology: Definition and Scope, Environmental microbial processes
including nutrient cycle (Carbon, Sulphur Nitrogen and Phosphorus Cycle).Famous
Environmental microbiologist and their work in India

Microbial population in Air: Distribution and sources of air borne microorganisms, Air
II 10
borne diseases, Bioleaching of metals, acid mine drainage

Microbial Population in Water: Microbial communities in natural water, Sanitary quality of

III 14
water: bacteriological evidence of faecal pollution, indicators of faecal pollution.
Bacteriological analysis techniques of water
Microbial Diversity in Soil: Introduction and historical background of soil microbiology, Soil
IV 12
microflora- bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, algae, protozoa and viruses. Interactions among
soil microorganisms: neutralism, symbiosis, protocooperation, commensalisms,
ammensalism, parasitism and predation.
Sewerage system: Composition of sewage, kinds of sewerage systems-sanitary, storm and
V 14
combined sewers Microorganisms in sewage-fungi, protozoa, algae, bacteria and viruses.
Sewage treatment and disposal.
Suggested Readings:
 Environmental Microbiology by Mitchell R, 2nd Edition WILEY INDIA publications, 2016.
 Environmental Microbiology by Buckley R G CBS Publications, 2005.
 Environmental Microbiology by Annet Blogger, Oxford Book Company, 2010.
 Microbiology, K. J. Pelzer, E. C. S. Chan & N. R.Kreig, Tata Magraw hill Publications, 2008.
 Environmental Microbiology, Raina M. Maier &Lanl. Pepper, Elseiver,(2000)
 Environmental Biotechnology Principles and Applications, Bruce. E. Rittmannn, Graw- Hill Book Co, (2001)