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DOC-20240224-WA0110.

The document provides an overview of output devices, including monitors, printers, and audio output, explaining their functions and types. It also covers the system unit, its components like the motherboard and CPU, and the differences between primary and secondary storage devices. Additionally, it briefly mentions communication devices such as modems and network interface cards.

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Abdullah Emam
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10 views

DOC-20240224-WA0110.

The document provides an overview of output devices, including monitors, printers, and audio output, explaining their functions and types. It also covers the system unit, its components like the motherboard and CPU, and the differences between primary and secondary storage devices. Additionally, it briefly mentions communication devices such as modems and network interface cards.

Uploaded by

Abdullah Emam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer technology

Lecture 2
Output Devices

Output devices are peripheral devices that enable us to view or hear


the computer’s processed data.
• Visual output – Text, graphics, and video
• Audio output – Sounds, music, and synthesized speech
Monitors

CRT LCD

• A monitor is a peripheral device which displays computer output


on a screen.
• Screen output is referred to as soft copy.
• Types of monitors:
• Cathode-ray tube (CRT)
• Liquid Crystal Display (LCD )
Cathode-ray tube (CRT)

• Resemble televisions
• Less expensive than a LCD monitor
• Take up more desk space and use more energy than LCD monitors
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

• Used for notebook computers, PDAs, cellular phones, and


personal computers
• More expensive than a CRT monitor
• Take up less desk space and use less energy than CRT
monitors.
Printers

• A printer is a peripheral device that produces a physical copy or hard


copy of the computer’s output.
Inkjet printer

• Inkjet printer, makes characters by inserting dots of ink onto paper


• Letter-quality printouts
• Cost of printer is inexpensive but ink is costly
Laser printer

• Laser printer works like a copier


• Quality determined by dots per inch (dpi) produced
• Color printers available
• Expensive initial costs but cheaper to operate per page
Plotter

• A plotter is a printer that uses a pen that moves over a large


revolving sheet of paper.
• It is used in engineering, drafting, map making, and seismology.
Audio Output

• Audio output is the ability of the computer to output sound.


• Two components are needed:
• Sound card – Plays contents of digitized recordings
• Speakers – Attach to sound card
The System Unit

• The system unit is a boxlike case that houses the computer’s


main hardware components.
Types of System Units

Desktop
Notebook

Personal
Outside the System Unit

Drive bays

On/off switch

Reset button
BACK
Indicator lights

FRONT

• The front panel contains drive bays, various buttons, and


indicator lights.

• Connectors and ports are physical receptacles located on


the back to connect peripheral devices to the computer.
Inside the System Unit

Motherboard (mainboard) – Large printed circuit board

with thousands of electrical circuits

Power supply – Transforms alternating current (AC) from

wall outlets to direct current (DC) needed by the

computer

Cooling fan – Keeps the system unit cool

Internal Speaker – Used for beeps when errors are

encountered

Drive bays – Housing for the computer’s hard drive,

floppy drive, and CD-ROM / DVD-ROM drives


The Motherboard

• The motherboard provides the centralized connection point


for the computer’s components.
• Most components are integrated circuits (chips).
The Central Processing Unit:
The Microprocessor

• A CPU is brain of a computer. It is responsible for all


functions and processes.
• Regarding computing power, the CPU is the most
important element of a computer system.

CPU
CPU socket
Components of the CPU

 Control unit – Coordinates and controls all parts of the


computer system.
1. Read the code for the next instruction to be executed.
2. Increment the program counter so it points to the next
instruction.
3. Read whatever data the instruction requires from cells in
memory.
4. Provide the necessary data to an ALU or register.
5. If the instruction requires an ALU or specialized hardware
to complete, instruct the hardware to perform the
requested operation.
Components of the CPU

ü Arithmetic-logic unit – Executes all arithmetic and logical


operations.
ü Arithmetic calculations like as addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division.
ü Logical operation like compare numbers, letters, or special
characters.
ü Registers – Temporarily store the most frequently used
instructions and data.
ü very fast storage area.
Input/Output Bus

PCI slots

Expansion
Card

• The input/output bus provides a pathway so that the microprocessor can communicate with
input/output devices.

• An input/output bus contains expansion slots which hold expansion cards.

• PCI (Personal Computer Interface) slots are receptacles in which expansion cards are inserted. They
support Plug and Play (PnP).
Storage Devices

• Storage device is any hardware capable of holding


information either temporarily or permanently.
• Primary Storage
• Secondary Storage
Primary Storage

• Random Access Memory (RAM) is a memory scheme within the


computer system responsible for storing data on a temporary basis, so
that it can be promptly accessed by the processor as and when
needed.
• It is volatile in nature, which means that data will be erased once supply
to the storage device is turned off.
• RAM stores data randomly and the processor accesses these data
randomly.
• RAM is considered "random access" because you can access any
memory cell directly.
Primary Storage

• ROM (Read Only Memory): ROM is a permanent form of storage.

• ROM stays active regardless of whether power supply to it is turned


on or off.

• ROM devices do not allow data stored on them to be modified.


Secondary Storage

• Stores data and programs permanently :its retained after the power
is turned off.
1. Hard drive (HD): A hard disk is part of a unit, often called a "disk
drive," "hard drive," or "hard disk drive," that store and provides
relatively quick access to large amounts of data on an
electromagnetically charged surface or set of surfaces.

2. Optical Disk: an optical disc drive (ODD) is a disk drive that uses
laser light as part of the process of reading or writing data to
or from optical discs.
Storage Devices

CD/DVD Hard
Drive Drive

Floppy Disk
Drive

Micro
Drive

Memory
Drive
Tape
Drive
Communications Devices
Modem
Network Interface
Card – NIC

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