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EAT118-Chapter 2 - Magnetic Circuit Theory - Part 1

The document discusses key concepts related to magnetism, including Magnetomotive Force (MMF), Magnetic Field Strength (H), Magnetic Permeability, and Reluctance. It provides definitions, formulas, and examples for calculating magnetic parameters and illustrates the analogy between electric and magnetic circuits. Additionally, it includes exercises to apply the concepts learned.

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Silasri Balakrishnan
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19 views14 pages

EAT118-Chapter 2 - Magnetic Circuit Theory - Part 1

The document discusses key concepts related to magnetism, including Magnetomotive Force (MMF), Magnetic Field Strength (H), Magnetic Permeability, and Reluctance. It provides definitions, formulas, and examples for calculating magnetic parameters and illustrates the analogy between electric and magnetic circuits. Additionally, it includes exercises to apply the concepts learned.

Uploaded by

Silasri Balakrishnan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topics to be Discussed

• Magnetomotive Force (MMF).


• Magnetic Field Strength (H).
• Magnetic Permeability.
• Reluctance (R).
• Analogy between Electric and Magnetic
Circuits.
• Composite Magnetic Circuit.
Introduction
• Magnet is a piece of ferromagnetic material
(such as iron, nickel or cobalt) which has
properties of attracting other pieces of these
materials.
• Consist of 2 poles – North and South
• Same pole – repulsive each other
• Different pole – attractive each other
Parameters of Magnet
• The area around a magnet is called the magnetic field .A magnetic
field cannot be seen, felt, smelt or heard and therefore is difficult to
represent.
• Magnetic field could be represented pictorially, by imagining the
field to consist of lines of magnetic flux φ (phi) measured in Weber
(Wb)
Parameters of Magnet
Magnetic Flux Density (B)
The amount of flux passing through a defined area in
meter² measured in Tesla (T).

Example:
A magnetic pole face has a rectangular section having dimensions 200 mm
by 100 mm. If the total flux emerging from the pole is 150 μWb, calculate
the flux density. (7.5 mT)
Magnetic Field Strength (H)
• The mmf per metre length of the magnetic circuit is
termed as the magnetic field strength, magnetic field
intensity, or magnetizing force.
• It units are ampere-turns per metre (At/m) .
• Its value is independent of the medium .

F IN
H= =
l l

5`
Parameters of Magnet
• Magnetic Field Strength (H)
Also known as magnetizing force

N – number of turn ; I = current ; l - length (m)


N I = magneto motive force
Example:
A magnetizing force of 8000 A/m is applied to a circular magnetic circuit of
mean diameter 30 cm by passing a current through a coil wound on the
circuit. If the coil is uniformly wound around the circuit and has 750 turns,
find the current in the coil. (10.05A)
Parameters of Magnet
• Permeability of a magnet (µ)
Ratio of the magnetic flux density (B) over magnetic field
strength (H)

Where µ0 (permeability of free space)

µr (relative permeability of material) – constant value depending


on the material properties
B-H curves
• By plotting measured value of flux density B against magnetic field
strength H, a magnetization curve is produced.
Parameters of Magnet
Example:
A flux density of 1.2 T is produced in a piece of cast steel by a magnetizing force of
1250 A/m. Find the relative permeability of the steel under these conditions. (764)
Parameters of Magnet
• Reluctance (S)
Magnetic Resistance measured in A/Wb

Example:
Determine the reluctance of a piece of metal of length 150 mm and cross-
sectional area 1800 mm² when the relative permeability is 4000.
(16 580)
Exercise
The maximum working flux density of a lifting electromagnet is
1.8 T and the effective area of a pole face is circular in cross-
section. If the total magnetic flux produced is 353 mWb,
determine the radius of the pole face. (250mm)
Exercise
Determine the magnetic field strength required to produce a flux
density of 0.25 T in an air gap of length 12 mm. (198940 At/m)
Exercise
A coil of 300 turns is wound uniformly on a ring of non-magnetic material. The ring has
a mean circumference of 40 cm and a uniform cross sectional area of 4 cm². If the
current in the coil is 5 A, calculate:
(a) the magnetic field strength (3750 A/m)
(b) the flux density (4.712 mT)
(c) the total magnetic flux in the ring. (1.885µWb)
Exercise
A mild steel ring has a radius of 50 mm and a cross sectional area of 400 mm². A
current of 0.5 A flows in a coil wound uniformly around the ring and the flux produced
is 0.1 mWb. If the relative permeability at this value of current is 200 find:
(a) the reluctance of the mild steel (3125 k / 3.125M)
(b) the number of turns on the coil. (625)

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