ITWD Assignment 5

1. Write full form of 1. WWW 2. HTTP

1. WWW: World Wide Web
2. HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol

2. List and explain basic elements of WWW.

Basics of the World Wide Web:

1. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): The fundamental language for

creating web pages. It structures content with elements like headings,
paragraphs, links, images, and more.

2. URL (Uniform Resource Locator): The unique address of a web page,

like a phone number for the web. It helps browsers locate and retrieve
the page's content.

3. HTTP/HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol/Secure): The protocol used

for transferring web pages from a server to a browser. HTTPS adds a
layer of security through encryption, keeping your data safer.

4. Web Browser: The software application used to access and display

web pages. Examples include Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and
Microsoft Edge.

5. Web Server: A computer system that hosts websites and delivers

web pages to users upon request. Think of it as a library, storing all the
web's information and serving it up when asked.

6. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): Used to control the presentation and

layout of web pages. It allows developers to style HTML elements with
fonts, colors, spacing, and more.

7. JavaScript: A scripting language used to create dynamic and

interactive web content, enhancing the user experience by allowing
web pages to respond to user actions.
ITWD Assignment 5

3. What do you mean Web Browser? What facilities provided by

Web Browser.
A web browser is a software application that enables you to access and
view information on the internet. It translates the HTML code that
websites are built from into the text, images, and videos you see on
your screen. Browsers also provide facilities such as:

- Navigating web pages using hyperlinks

- Bookmarking favorite websites
- Managing multiple tabs for multitasking
- Ensuring security through encrypted connections (HTTPS)
- Running web applications like email or office tools

4. List and explain use of 1. Bookmark 2. History List

 Bookmarks are digital placeholders you can use to save links to

web pages you want to revisit. They're like adding sticky notes to
your favorite parts of a book but in your browser. This is super
handy for quick access to frequently visited sites without having
to remember their URLs.

 The History List keeps track of all the web pages you've visited.
It’s like a digital breadcrumb trail of your online activities. If you
need to find a page you visited a week ago but forgot to
bookmark, you can usually track it down in your history list. It's
also useful for tracing back steps if you need to recall what sites
you visited on a particular day.

5. Write only name of main element of web browser.(IE or Chrome

or Firefox)

1. URL Bar
2. Navigation Buttons
3. Bookmarks
ITWD Assignment 5

4. History
5. Tabs
6. Extensions/Add-ons
7. Search Bar

6. What are web search engine? How a search engine works?

A web search engine is a tool that helps you find information on the
internet by searching for keywords or phrases. When you enter a
query, the search engine scans its index for relevant web pages and
ranks them based on their relevance to your query.

Here's a quick rundown of how it works:

1. Crawling: Search engines use bots, or spiders, to scour the web,

discovering new and updated pages.
2. Indexing: The information from these pages is stored in a massive
database, so the search engine can quickly retrieve it when needed.
3. Ranking: When you perform a search, the engine sorts the indexed
pages by relevance, using complex algorithms to determine what
should appear first.

7. What are various search criteria for search in search engine?

Search engines offer a variety of criteria to help refine and target your
searches:

1. Keywords: The most basic and common method, where you use
specific words or phrases related to what you’re looking for.
2. Boolean Operators: Using AND, OR, NOT to combine or exclude
keywords.
3. Exact Match: Putting your search term in quotation marks to find
results with the exact phrase.
4. File Type: Searching for specific file formats, like PDFs or DOCs.
ITWD Assignment 5

5. Date Range: Filtering results based on when they were published or

updated.
6. Site or Domain: Searching within a specific website or domain.
7. Location: Finding results relevant to a particular geographic area.
8. Related Search: Looking for pages that are similar to a specific site.

8. Write a note on Web meta searches and web search agents.

Web Meta Searches: These are search engines that send your query
to multiple search engines simultaneously and aggregate the results. T
hey don't have their own index but rely on the indexes of other search
engines. This can give you a broader range of results and save time by
not having to search each engine separately. Examples include Dogpile
and Metacrawler.
Web Search Agents: Also known as intelligent agents or bots, these
are programs that perform searches on behalf of users, automating tas
ks such as retrieving data from the internet, monitoring changes to we
b pages, or even conducting real-time searches. They work in the back
ground and can provide notifications or updates based on the criteria y
ou’ve set. Think of them as your personal web assistants.

9. What is the use of ? Explain tag with description and key word
attributes.

The <meta> tag is used in HTML to provide metadata about the HTML
document. This metadata isn't visible on the web page itself but is valu
able for search engines and browsers.
 Description Attribute: Provides a brief summary of the page's conte
nt. This description often appears in search engine results under the pa
ge title, giving users a snapshot of what to expect.
<meta name="description" content="A comprehensive guide on how
to use the meta tag in HTML.">
 Keyword Attribute: Specifies a list of keywords relevant to the page.
This helps search engines understand what topics the page covers. Ho
wever, it's less used today because search engines rely more on conte
nt quality.
<meta name="keywords" content="HTML, meta tag, web
development, SEO">
ITWD Assignment 5

10. Write only name of any four-search engine.

1. Google
2. Bing
3. DuckDuckGo
4. Yahoo

11. What do you mean by 1. Web Hosting 2. Web

Publishing

Web Hosting: This involves providing storage space and access for
websites on the internet. Web hosts offer the technology and
infrastructure needed to keep your website up and running, visible to
users around the world. Think of it as renting space on a server to
house your website's files.

Web Publishing: This is the process of creating and uploading content

on the internet. It includes everything from designing and coding the
website to updating and maintaining its content. Web publishing can
be as simple as writing a blog post or as complex as developing an
entire e-commerce site.

12. List and explain various components of Web

Publishing.

1. Content Creation: Writing, designing, or otherwise creating the mater

ial that will be published online.
2. Content Management System (CMS): Tools like WordPress or Jooml
a that make it easier to manage and publish content.
3. Web Hosting: The service that stores your website files and makes th
em accessible on the internet.
4. Domain Name: The unique address where users can access your web
site.
5. Web Design: The aesthetic and functional layout of your site, ensurin
g it's user-friendly and visually appealing.
6. SEO (Search Engine Optimization): Techniques to improve your site
's visibility on search engines.
ITWD Assignment 5

7. Analytics: Tools to track and analyze your website's performance and

user behavior.

13. List and explain phases of Web Design.

1. Planning: Define the site's goals, target audience, and content structu
re. It's like the blueprint phase of a construction project.
2. Design: Create the visual look and feel of the site. This involves layout
, color schemes, typography, and graphics. Think of it as the artistic ph
ase where the blueprints come to life.
3. Development: Code the site using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and other te
chnologies. This is where designers hand off to developers to bring the
site’s visuals to life with interactivity.
4. Testing: Ensure everything works correctly across different browsers a
nd devices. This phase is crucial for catching bugs and ensuring a smo
oth user experience.
5. Launch: Make the site live and accessible to the public. It’s like unveili
ng a new product to the world.
6. Maintenance: Regular updates and troubleshooting to keep the site ru
nning smoothly. It's like routine maintenance on a car, keeping everythi
ng in tip-top shape.

14. Explain web site planning in details.

1. Define Goals: Understand the purpose of your website. Is it for selling

products, sharing information, or building a community? Your goals will
guide all other decisions.
2. Identify Audience: Know who you're designing for. What are their nee
ds, preferences, and behaviors? This helps in creating a user-centric sit
e.
3. Content Strategy: Plan what content you'll create, how you'll structur
e it, and when you'll publish it. This includes text, images, videos, and
other media.
4. Site Structure: Develop a sitemap, which outlines the main sections a
nd pages of your site. This helps in organizing content logically and ens
uring easy navigation.
5. Wireframes and Mockups: Create wireframes (basic sketches of pag
es) and mockups (more detailed designs) to visualize the layout and fu
nctionality of your site.
ITWD Assignment 5

6. Technology and Tools: Decide on the technologies and tools you'll us

e, such as content management systems (CMS), e-commerce platforms
, and plugins or extensions.
7. SEO Considerations: Plan how to optimize your site for search engine
s. This includes keyword research, meta tags, and a strategy for buildin
g backlinks.
8. Budget and Timeline: Set a realistic budget and timeline for your pro
ject. Consider costs for design, development, hosting, and maintenanc
e.
9. Testing and Feedback: Prepare for testing the site with real users an
d gathering feedback to make necessary improvements before launch.

15. Write a short note on front page.

FrontPage was a web design tool created by Microsoft that allowed user
s to design and manage websites with a WYSIWYG (What You See Is W
hat You Get) interface. It was particularly popular in the late 1990s and
early 2000s because it made web development more accessible to tho
se without deep coding knowledge. It provided templates, drag-and-
drop functionality, and built-in support for scripting languages. Though
it has since been discontinued, its legacy lives on in modern web desig
n tools that prioritize user-friendliness and accessibility.